No abstract available.
Malaria* ; Plasmodium vivax* ; Plasmodium*

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the only known human pathogen among the Mycoplasma species isolated from the human respiratory tract. This pathogen causes respiratory infections most commonly in school-aged children and young adults. It may causes a variety of pulmonary manifestations and a few complication. empyema(pyothorax) as a complication of mycoplasma infection in children has been rarely reported. We report these two cases of empyema(pyothorax) preceded by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in 5-year-old boy and 6-year-old girl. They were successfully managed by administration of antibiotics as well as surgical drainage.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Drainage ; Empyema ; Empyema, Pleural ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoplasma Infections ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (ICE) regimen in children with recurrent/refractory solid tumors. METHODS: The medical records of 7 patients diagnosed with recurrent/refractory solid tumors, including osteosarcoma in 2 patients, rhabdomyosarcoma in 2, neuroblastoma in 2 and medulloblastoma in one, and followed at Hanyang University Hospital from January, 1995 until May, 2001, were reviewed. The hematological toxicities above grade III, non-hematological toxicities above grade II, and response rate [complete response (CR) partial response (PR)] after several courses of ifosfamide 1,800 mg/m2/day (day 0 through 4 each cycle), carboplatin 400 mg/m2/day (day 0, 1), etoposide 100 mg/m2/day (day 0 through 4 each cycle) were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidences of hematological toxicities above grade III and non-hematological toxicities above grade II were 89% and 18%, respectively over the total 56 courses of ICE plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF: 5.0mug/kg/day). Median time from the start of ICE chemotherapy to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > or =1,000/mm3 for all patients during the total courses was 15 days. Seven patients evaluated for response to ICE. The overall response rate (CR PR) in this study was 57%. The CR rate for all diagnostic categories was 43%. CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that myelosuppression was the major toxicity of ICE chemotherapy and non-hematological toxicity was 20% of hematological toxicity except nausea and vomiting. The combination of ICE chemotherapy was associated with a high CR rate (43%) in children with recurrent/refractory solid tumors.
Carboplatin* ; Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Etoposide* ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Humans ; Ice ; Ifosfamide* ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Medulloblastoma ; Nausea ; Neuroblastoma ; Neutrophils ; Osteosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Vomiting