Skin wart is an infectious disease of human papillomavirus(HPV). Its clinical and histopathologic characteristics are largely determined by lesion sties, viral type and host immunity. The infected basal cells and keratinocytes of the epidermis are induced to proliferate by the viral genome. It is, however, not well known how htose factors give rise to histopathologic alterations in the infected basal cells and keratinocytes. So, evaluation of correlation between HPV antigen expression in the wart tissues and clinical and histopathologic charateristics was done on 83 cases of skin warts. The age of patients ranged from 2 to 83 years. Thirty six(43.3%) cases were diagnosed before the age of third decade. The sex ratio was nearly same. Verruca vulgaris was most common(46 cases), followed by verruca plana(26 cases) and verruca palmoplantaris(11 cases). HPV antigen expression was observed in 43 out of total 83(51.8%). It was noted in 47.8%(22/46) of verruca vulgaris, in 46.2%(12/26) of verruca plana and in 81.8%(9/11) of verruca palmoplantaris. HPV antigen-positive groups included more younger patient's age and more higher PCNA than those of HPV negative groups. HPV positive groups also tend to have shorter duration of disease and more numerous mitoses than HPV negative groups. HPV antigen-positive groups showed lower inflammation grade than that of HPV negative groups(p<0.05). The higher the inflammaton grade is, the lower the HPV antigen expression rate. In summary, HPV antigen expression in cutaneous wart tissue is significantly correlated with the proliferative activity of the lesion. It is also significantly correlated with the inflammation that is considered to be the result of cell-mediated immune reaction.
Humans

We have experienced a rare case of leukemic lesion(chloroma) in the lower spinal canal which was confirmed by the surgery and histologic examination of the tumor. A farmer, aged 39, was admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, St. Paul Hospital in December 1974 with chief complaints of low back pain with radiating pain in the right lower extremity and voiding difficulty for one month. On admission, neurologically, the patient exhibited weakness of the right anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus and peroneus longus and brevis muscles and sensory involvement of the right third, fourth and fifth sacral dermatomes. He was disclosed the positive signs of the Naffziger's and Lasegue's and severe tenderness on the spinous process of the fifth lumbar and first sacral vertebrae. Lumbar myelogram demonstrated a total block at lower level of the fifth lumbar vertebra and a filling defect of the right fifth lumbar root area. Through the laminectomy of fourth lumbar to first sacral lamina, an extradural greenish soft mass located at the ventral aspect of the right fifth lumbar to upper sacral roots, and the mass was removed. The biopsy specimen disclosed chloroma with leukemic infiltration of the meninges.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Leukemic Infiltration ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Meninges ; Muscles ; Neurosurgery ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; Spinal Canal* ; Spine

E-cadherin is a calcium-dependent epithelial adhesion molecule which plays a role in the initial step of invasion of cancer cells. The step that follows the migration of separated tumor cells is a proteolytic lysis of basement membrane and extracellular matrix by protease of epithelial and endothelial cells such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to be an endothelial cell-specific powerful mitogen as well as a vascular permeability factor. This study is aimed to evaluate the correlation between expression of these factors and pathologic or clinical variables and the roles and prognostic significance of those factors in squmous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Immunohistochemical stains were performed for E-cadherin, MMP-2, and VEGF in surgically resected specimens from 90 patients with squmous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung. Mean age of the patients was 59.7 years. Histologic type was categorized into 56 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 34 cases of adenocarcinoma. Mean survival period of the 35 patients was 54 months. The immunohistochemical stains for E-cadherin, MMP-2, and VEGF revealed positive reaction in 67 cases (74.4%), 43 cases (47.8%), and 34 cases (37.8%), respectively. The expression of E-cadherin was higher in adenocarcinoma (82.4%) than in squamous cell carcinoma (69.6%). MMP-2 was expressed in the tumor cells, especially those invading into the surrounding stroma. The expression of MMP-2 was significantly correlated with the survival rate (p<0.05). The expression of VEGF in the tumor cells was significantly higher in cases with lymph node metastasis (p<0.05). In conclusion, these findings suggest that the expression of MMP-2 and VEGF predict poor prognosis of patients with squmous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung and that VEGF may play a role in tumor metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Basement Membrane ; Cadherins* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Coloring Agents ; Endothelial Cells ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

No abstract available.
Laminectomy ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Radiotherapy ; Spinal Cord Compression

No abstract available.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Head* ; Humans ; Latex*

We experienced a case of fine-needle aspiration(FNA) cytology of breast which showed atypical proliferative lesion. It was very difficult to differentiate this case from malignancy, because of hypercellular smear and many clusters composed of large, atypical ductal cells. However, it showed other features favoring benignancy, such as tendency of cellular cohesiveness, only slightly increased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio and most importantly presence of myoepithelial cells. It's histologic diagnosis was intraductal hyperplasia with atypia. This case indicates that all atypical breast FNA specimen should lead to the suggestion of surgical biopsy for avoiding over- or under-diagnosis.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Hyperplasia

Amyloidosis is a disease complex associated with deposition of insoluble filbrillar protein in various tissues of the body. Cutaneous lesions are present in up to 40 % of patients with primary and myeloma associated systemic amyloidosis. We present a case of systemic amyloidosis associated with multiple myleoma occuring in 54-year-old male who had waxy papules with petechiae on nasola bial fold, postauricular area, and cheek. The diagnosis was confirmed by Congo red stain, electron microscope, immunelectrophoresis, Bence-Jones proteinuria, immunoperoxidase stain, and bone marow biopsy.
Amyloidosis* ; Biopsy ; Cheek ; Congo Red ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Proteinuria ; Purpura

Pain is one of the most complex human experience and the commonest cause of stress and the most frequent symptom that makes people seek medical help. The mechanism of its production and perception are poor understood. Since the past, various procedures have been tried to control or relieve pain. It had been observed that acupuncture stimulation has been effective in the relief of painful conditions. However, up to the present there had been no definite proof that acupuncture treatment has cured any pathological condition. Work is at present proceeding to make this a practical possibility. Recently, in modern medical science, several experiments are in progress and in some cases, cure had been obtained but until these studies are completed and proved to be effective, it is impossible at the present stage to evaluate whether these occasional cures are statistically significant. So, we launched studies and observations at our pain clinic at St. Paul's Hospital employing the "Somatosensory evoked Potential",(SEP) responses for chronic pain patient to relieve pain with acupuncture. The median and sural nerve of patients with chronic pain were stimulated and recorded using the SEP. Recordings were made before and after the acupuncture therapy was initiated. We analyzed the recorded SEP responses to see if ther are any physiological effects of the acupuncture therapy in patients with chronic pain. Findings: The important changes of the SEP responses recorded during acupuncture therapy in patients with chronic pain were the suppression of the amplitude of the SEP waves and delayed latency of the responses, similar to those manifested by patients, who are under morphine therapy. Then, naloxone an antagonist to morphine was administered. The effects were the same, that is the SEP responses were reversed in both the patients under morphine therapy and those under acupuncture therapy. So, we postulated that, since the meridian system is closely connected to the posterior column of the spinal cord conducting system, which is concerned in the somatosensory conducting system, peripheral stimulation by acupuncture may bring about the so called "pain suppression of descending system", which is closely connected to the meridian system of acupuncture. Though it is quite early to draw positive and definite conclusions, the results are very encouraging. More cases and further observations are advocated.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture* ; Chronic Pain* ; Humans ; Morphine ; Naloxone ; Pain Clinics ; Spinal Cord ; Sural Nerve