BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment is a promising tool for dermal tissue regeneration. PRP combined with subcision can synergistically induce dermal tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of PRP on the proliferation and migration of skin fibroblasts, as well as on the type I collagen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-2 expression in these skin cells. The effect of PRP with subcision on the expression of TGF-beta1 was also investigated in an animal model. METHODS: Human skin fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of PRP. The proliferation and migration rate of the cells were evaluated by the trypan blue exclusion method and scratch assay, respectively. The expression levels of type I collagen, MMP-1, and MMP-2 were analyzed by western blot or RT-PCR. In addition, the activity levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 were studied by zymography. Finally, we treated the animal back with PRP, subcision, or PRP with subcision. The specimens were evaluated by H&E, Masson-trichrome, and TGF-beta1 immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Data from this study showed that PRP more effectively promoted the migration and proliferation of cells in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of type I collagen, MMP-1, and MMP-2 were increased in PRP-treated fibroblasts at the protein and mRNA levels. The in vivo study revealed that the expression of TGF-beta1 was prominently increased by co-treatment with PRP and subcision rather than by treatment with either PRP or subcision alone. CONCLUSION: PRP treatment promoted fibroblast migration and proliferation, and increased the expression of type I collagen, MMP-1, MMP-2, and TGF-beta1. Therefore, PRP co-application with subcision is an effective method for dermal remodeling and can be a good treatment option for depressed acne scars.
Acne Vulgaris ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cicatrix ; Collagen Type I* ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Regeneration ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Trypan Blue

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment is a promising tool for dermal tissue regeneration. PRP combined with subcision can synergistically induce dermal tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of PRP on the proliferation and migration of skin fibroblasts, as well as on the type I collagen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-2 expression in these skin cells. The effect of PRP with subcision on the expression of TGF-beta1 was also investigated in an animal model. METHODS: Human skin fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of PRP. The proliferation and migration rate of the cells were evaluated by the trypan blue exclusion method and scratch assay, respectively. The expression levels of type I collagen, MMP-1, and MMP-2 were analyzed by western blot or RT-PCR. In addition, the activity levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 were studied by zymography. Finally, we treated the animal back with PRP, subcision, or PRP with subcision. The specimens were evaluated by H&E, Masson-trichrome, and TGF-beta1 immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Data from this study showed that PRP more effectively promoted the migration and proliferation of cells in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of type I collagen, MMP-1, and MMP-2 were increased in PRP-treated fibroblasts at the protein and mRNA levels. The in vivo study revealed that the expression of TGF-beta1 was prominently increased by co-treatment with PRP and subcision rather than by treatment with either PRP or subcision alone. CONCLUSION: PRP treatment promoted fibroblast migration and proliferation, and increased the expression of type I collagen, MMP-1, MMP-2, and TGF-beta1. Therefore, PRP co-application with subcision is an effective method for dermal remodeling and can be a good treatment option for depressed acne scars.
Acne Vulgaris ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cicatrix ; Collagen Type I* ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Regeneration ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Trypan Blue

Clear cell acanthoma is a rare benign tumor, which usually presents as a solitary erythematous to brown colored papule or nodule, with a predilection for the lower leg of t hemiddle-aged and older individuals. An 11-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of bilateral brownish colored and exudative plaques on the both areolae.Histopathologic examination showed psoriasiform proliferation of pale keratinocytes and neutrophil exocytosis. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with clear cell acanthoma. Typically, clear cell acanthoma occurs as a unilateral lesion on the leg in an adult. However, our case shows a bilateral lesion as well as the uncommon age and site.To our knowledge, this case of bilateral clear cell acanthoma has been rarely reported in Korea. Herein, we report a case of clear cell acanthoma that occurred on both areolae in a child.

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas are rare diseases comprising nodular to diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration with an overlying grenz zone and no epidermal involvement upon histological analysis. Diagnostics can become challenging when lymphomas exhibit the characteristics of both B and T-cells. Differential diagnoses may include reactive proliferations, cutaneous composite lymphomas, and transformed mycosis fungoides. Immunohistochemistry and gene arrangement tests may be beneficial to clarify the diagnosis. Herein, we report a rare case of epidermotropic EBV-positive cutaneous B-cell lymphoma along with a literature review.

OBJECTIVES: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided high intensity focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) is a newly emerging non-invasive technique for the treatment of uterine fibroids. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical impact of MRgFUS. METHODS: This study examined 157 patients. The high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) utilized in this study was Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla MR (Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands) and Sonalleve HIFU system. The patients were followed in post-operative Month 1, Month 3, and Month 6 to investigate any change. Then, these were further classified according to the use of uterine stimulant (oxytocin) in parallel, Funaki Type of uterine fibroid, HIFU intensity, and non-perfused volume (NPV) ratio. RESULTS: When the uterine stimulant was utilized, the HIFU intensity was measured at significantly lower levels, compared with the group not using uterine stimulant, and treatment duration was significantly. The NPV ratio was found significantly higher in the group using uterine stimulant. Concerning the correlation between Funaki Type of uterine fibroid and average sonication power, it was found that the closer to Type I, the lower the sonication power, the shorter the treatment duration, and the higher the NPV ratio significantly. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, it was found that the lower the Funaki Types of uterine fibroids, and the higher the NPV ratio immediately after the operation, the larger the uterine fibroid volume decrease and SSS change were. Also, if uterine stimulant was used in parallel in treatment, treatment duration and HIFU intensity could become shorter and lower.
Delivery of Health Care ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myoma ; Oxytocin ; Sonication ; Ultrasonography*

Background: Recent progress in chronic cough management includes controlling cough triggers and hypersensitivity using antitussives. Therefore, we investigated the effects and safety outcomes of antitussives, codeine and levodropropizine, in patients with chronic cough. Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized comparative trial with newly referred patients with chronic cough. Patients were orally administered codeine (60 mg/day) and levodropropizine (180 mg/day) for 2 weeks. Cough severity, including the visual analog scale (VAS), Cough Symptom Score (CSS), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and safety for each treatment were assessed. The primary outcome was VAS score changes before and after 2 weeks of treatment. Results: Among the 88 participants, 45 and 43 in the codeine and levodropropizine groups, respectively, were included in the analysis. Changes in the VAS score were higher in the codeine group than in the levodropropizine group (35.11 ± 20.74 vs. 19.77 ± 24.83, P = 0.002). Patients administered codeine also had improved CSS (2.96 ± 2.35 vs. 1.26 ± 1.89, P < 0.001) and LCQ (3.28 ± 3.36 vs. 1.61 ± 3.53, P = 0.025) than those administered levodropropizine. Treatment-related adverse events, including drowsiness, constipation, and headaches, were more frequent in the codeine group than in the levodropropizine group. However, no significant differences existed in the adverse events leading to discontinuation. Conclusion Codeine is an effective and generally well-tolerated antitussive for chronic cough. However, it may induce side effects in some patients. Individual responses and adverse events should be carefully monitored when codeine is used to treat chronic cough.

Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis (IGD) is a rare skin condition commonly associated with autoimmune diseases.Lesions typically occur bilaterally on the lateral trunk and proximal extremities and present as variable cutaneous lesions. A 63-year-old female with a 1-year history of a skin rash on her face visited the dermatology department of our hospital. The patient had received a dermal filler injection with unidentified gradients on the face of an unlicensed practitioner 20 years before. The lesions on the left cheek were tender, violaceous, coalescing, and annular. A violaceous round nodule with tenderness was observed on the left chin and glabella. She denied having any systemic complaints. The biopsy specimen showed diffuse interstitial CD68＋ histiocytic infiltration involving the reticular dermis around the degenerative collagen bundles. The patient was diagnosed with IGD. The patient was treated with systemic steroids and showed clinical improvement. Herein, we report a case of IGD after an unknown dermal filler injection, along with a literature review.

OBJECTIVES: This report seeks to introduce some cases of the patients who received magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) surgery (MRgFUS)-based intramural uterine fibroids treatment where the post-MRgFUS intramural uterine fibroids decreased in its volume and protruded towards the endometrial cavity to be expelled by hysteroscopy. METHODS: Of the 157 patients who had received MRgFUS treatment in the Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Hospital from March, 2015 to February, 2016; this study examined 6 of the cases where, after high intensity focused ultrasound treatment, intramural uterine fibroids protruded towards the endometrial cavity to be removed by hysteroscopic myomectomy. The high intensity focused ultrasound utilized in the cases were Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla MR (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands) and Sonalleve HIFU system. RESULTS: The volume of fibroids ranged from 26.0 cm³ to 199.5 cm³, averaging 95.6 cm³. The major axis length ranged from 4.0 cm to 8.2 cm, averaging 6.3 cm. Fibroid location in all of the patients was in intramural uterine before treatment but after the high intensity focused ultrasound treatment, the fibroids were observed to protrude towards the endometrial cavity in at least Day 5 or up to Day 73 to allow hysteroscopic myomectomy. CONCLUSIONS: In some cases, after an intramural uterine fibroid is treated with MRgFUS, fibroid volume is decreased and the fibroid protrudes towards the endometrial cavity. In this case, hysteroscopic myomectomy can be a useful solution.
Delivery of Health Care ; Gynecology ; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy ; Leiomyoma* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Obstetrics ; Ultrasonography* ; Uterine Myomectomy