No abstract available.
Animals ; Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Murinae*

The lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) rarely occurs in the thyroid gland. The LEC has been thought to be related to developmental rest, namely solid cell nest, which is derived from ultimobranchial body. We report a case of lymphoepithial cyst in a 34- year-old woman clinically diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The cyst was located in mid to lower portion of the left lobe. It was a single unilocular cyst, which for the most part was lined with squamous epithelium, and at certain foci with ciliated columnar epithelium. The cyst wall showed a dense lymphocytic infiltration, numerous lymphoid follicles with germinal centers and admixed thyroid follicles. This morphology is similar to the branchial cleft cyst, with the exception of the thyroid follicles in the cyst wall. Near the cyst were several solid epidermoid cell nests. Immunohistochemical stain of this cyst-lining epithelium and solid cell nests showed CEA positivity. In view of the similarity in histomorphology and CEA positivity to branchial cleft cyst of the lateral neck, the LEC of the thyroid could also have been of branchial origin. However, the admixed thyroid follicles in the cyst wall suggests that the LEC of the thyroid gland might have derived from another branchial cleft as a ultimobranchial body, because it has the potential for thyroid follicular differentiation.
Branchial Region* ; Branchioma ; Epithelium ; Female ; Germinal Center ; Humans ; Neck ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis ; Ultimobranchial Body

Assessment of the optic nerve head or the retinal nerve fiber layer is essential for the early diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. We compared mean retinal nerve fiber layer[RNFL]thickness with Average, and compared RNFL CSA with Integral between Heidelberg Retina Tomograph[HRT] and GDx nerve fiber analyzer[GDx]at global, superior, inferior, nasal and temporal area. Mean RNFL thickness in HRT was significantly greater than Average in GDx at all quadrants[p<0.001], and correlated with Average at global, superior and inferior area[p<0.05]. RNFL CSA in HRT was significantly greater than Integral in GDx at superior, inferior and nasal quadrants[p<0.001], and correlated with Integral at superior and inferior quadrants[p<0.05]. In conclusion, the two parameters related to nerve fiber layer in HRT were measured greater than those in GDx. Correlations of the above parameters between HRT and GDx were mainly present at superior and inferior quadrant. These results may come from regional difference in measurement between HRT and GDx, and uncorrected disc tilting in HRT appears to have adverse effects on the correlations of the above parameters between HRT and GDx at nasal or temporal quadrant.
Early Diagnosis ; Glaucoma ; Nerve Fibers* ; Ophthalmoscopes* ; Optic Disk ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde*

PURPOSE: We studied results of the communited distal radius fracture treated with allogenic cancellous bone graft and volar locking plate in the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 29 cases of communited distal radius fracture treated with allogenic cancellous bone graft and volar locking plate from April 2009 to April 2013. Fracture was classified according to AO/OTA classification. Postoperative clinical evaluation was performed with measurement of wrist range of motion (ROM) at last follow-up, modified Mayo wrist scoring system (MMWS), and visual analogue pain scale (VAS). Radiologic evaluation was performed with measurement of radial length on immediate postoperation and last follow-up, radial inclination, volar tilt and ulnar variance checked at the last follow-up using Sarmiento criteria. RESULTS: Using the MMWS, 13 cases were classified as 'good', 10 'fair', and 5 'normal'. The average wrist ROM was 88.5% for flexion, 92.2% for extension, 90.5% for adduction, and 94.0% for abduction. The average VAS was 1.7. On the last follow-up, average radius length, radial inclination and volar tilt did not show statistically significant improvement (p>0.05) compared to immediate post operation measurements, and according to Sarmiento criteria, 5 cases were classified as 'good', 14 'fair', and 7 'normal'. CONCLUSION: Treatment of severe communited distal radius fracture accompanied by bone defect with volar locking plate and allogenic cancellous bone graft is a satisfying and effective treatment method in the elderly.
Aged* ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pain Measurement ; Radius ; Radius Fractures* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Transplants* ; Wrist

Renal dysplasia results from aberrant histogenesis in metanephric differentiation. It is characterized morphologically by abnormal organization and a persistence of primitive structures, such as cartilage, undifferentiated mesenchyme, and immature tubules. Six cases of renal dysplasia from five children and one adult are reviewed. Five patients were female and one patient was male. The chief complaint was urinary incontinence in four patients, dysuria in one patient, and the sixth patient suffered from vesicoureteral reflux. No evidence of family history of renal dysplasia in any patient was seen. According to Risdon's classification, three cases were hypoplastic dysplasia, one case was dysplasia in a duplex system, one case was dysplasia in a triplex system, and one case was dysplasia with vesicoureteral reflux. The ipsilateral ectopic ureteral orifice was identified in four patients, two of which drained into a Gartner's duct cyst, and the orifice was suggested in one patient. On histologic examination, all cases showed primitive ducts surrounded by concentrically arranged primitive mesenchyme. Nests of metaplastic cartilage were observed within the stroma in three of the six cases.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Child ; Classification ; Dysuria ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mesoderm ; Ureter ; Urinary Incontinence ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

Kimura's disease is a rare disorder which predominantly involves the head and neck region can cause eosinophilia in peripheral blood. It has beeb treated with steroids, surgical excision, irradiation, cryotherapy, and laser. The sessions have a tendency to recur after steroid and surgery. We reviewed 2 patients with Kimura's disease who recurred, because they were resistant steroid therapy and surgery, and treated successfully conventional radiation therapy.
Cryotherapy ; Eosinophilia ; Head ; Humans ; Neck ; Radiotherapy* ; Steroids

BACKGROUND: Continuous epidural morphine infusion is a good and popular method to control postoperative pain. But intravenous morphine infusion after general anesthesia can avoid anxiety during operation and also control postoperative pain. We compared analgesia and side effects between continuous epidural infusion and continuous intravenous infusion of morphine sulfate to control of postoperative pain after cesarean section. METHODS: Forty women who received cesarean section were randomly divided into epidural and IV groups. Morphine 0.08 mg/kg was administered intravenously as an initial loading dosage for both groups. Morphine 0.08 mg/kg for epidural group or morphine 0.8 mg/kg for IV group was diluted into 96ml of normal saline. A mixture was injected into Two-day Infusor which is continuously infused 2 ml/hr. The patients received morphine solution into epidural or intravenous route with Two-day Infusor according to their allocated group. The assessments for pain score with VAS, VRS, patient's satisfaction score and side effects were made at recovery room, 0.5, 3, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours after operation. RESULTS: The VAS in IV group was significantly higher than that in epidural group at 3, 12, 24 and 36 hours after the operation (P<0.05). The VRS in IV group was significantly higher than in epidural group at recovery room and 3 hours of postoperative period (p<0.05). The frequency of pruritus, nausea, vomiting, back pain and urinary retention were less in IV group than in epidural group. The patient's satisfaction scores were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The management of postoperative pain in epidural group was more effective than the continuous intravenous morphine infusion. But the incidence of complications was more frequent in the epidural group while patient's satisfaction scores were similar in both groups. Therefore, the continuous intravenous morphine infusion can be used effectively as a postoperative pain management.
Analgesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anxiety ; Back Pain ; Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infusion Pumps ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Morphine* ; Nausea ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Period ; Pregnancy ; Pruritus ; Recovery Room ; Urinary Retention ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of two-phase dynamic CT, early and equilibrium pahse, in the preoperative staging of rectal cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed incremental dynamic CT after rectal infusion of water in 34 patients with pathologically proved rectal cancers. Two-phase dynamic CT findings were prospectively analyzed and correlated with surgical and histopathologic findings. A total of 150ml of nonionic contrast medium was intravenously administered with a power injector at a flow rate of 5ml/sec for 30 sec, and two-phase images were obtained at 30 sec(early phase) and 2 min (equilibrium phase) after bolus injection. Local tumor staging and regional lymph node were classified by TNM staging. RESULTS: All 34 rectal cancers showed a moderate to marked enhancement in the early phase and a homogeneous and prolonged enhancement of the entire lesion in the equilibrium phase. T-staging of primary tumors were 85.3%(29/34) in early phase and 70.6%(24/34) in equilibrium phase. The accuracy in determining the perirectal fat invasion of rectal cancer was 92%(23/25) in early phase, and 72%(18/25) in equilibrium phase. The sensitivity & specificity of the regional lymph node metastasis were 63.6% and 79.1% in early phase, and 54.5% and 65.2% in equilibrium phase, respectively. CONCLUSION: Early phase dynamic CT was more accurate for the preoperative staging of rectal cancer than that at equilibrium phase.
Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prospective Studies ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Water

No abstract available.
Facial Pain* ; Immunosuppression ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Organ Transplantation

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax