This paper reports a patient with Moyamoya disease who developed a psychotic disorder following a stroke. A 47-year-old female with Moyamoya disease without a psychiatric history experienced persecutory delusion and auditory hallucinations after eight months of intracranial hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe. The adult was managed with low-dose antipsychotics, risperidone. A brief Psychiatric Rating Scale was performed weekly after hospitalization, and psychotic symptoms eventually were under control after three weeks following the initiation of psychotropic medication. This case suggests that low-dose antipsychotics would be effective in patients with psychosis newly developed from a stroke secondary to Moyamoya disease.

We report the case of a 78-year-old female patient with dementia with Lewy bodies accompanying severe psychotic and parkinso-nian symptoms. The patient's symptoms did not improved with various antipsychotics, and cardiac and pulmonary side effects pre-vented adequate doses of the drugs from being administered. As an alternative approach, we performed electroconvulsive therapy, which can be conducted relatively safely in elderly patients with underlying medical conditions. The patient received 10 sessions of electroconvulsive therapy across a 4-week period. Remarkable improvements in psychotic and parkinsonian symptoms proven with validated scales were observed following the repeating electroconvulsive therapy sessions. This is the first case report describing the use of electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with dementia with Lewy bodies in Korea. This case report may help to establish new guidelines for the treatment of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies, which is still considered a difficult disease to treat.

We report the case of a 54-year-old female who was diagnosed with clinical dementia and recovered to normal cognition in only 11 days through appropriate intervention. The patient was on a complicated regimen of psychiatric medications for underlying depression and panic disorder. The patient noted increased deterioration in executive function gradual memory impairment starting in early 2020.As a result of the neuroimaging, prominent neurodegeneration and in vivo brain pathology were not observed. During outpatient clinic follow-up, severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was confirmed. Based on the diagnostic results, a clinical impression was made for reversible dementia due to psychiatric drugs and OSA. During hospitalization for 10 days, the patient’s regimen of psychiatric medications with anticholinergic effects was changed, and long-acting benzodiazepines were reduced. The patient also underwent continuous positive airway pressure titration to ameliorate OSA. The patient reported subjective cognitive improvement and a comprehensive neuropsychiatric test performed at discharge later showed a normal range in all cognitive domains, and the patient's activity of daily living evaluated at the outpatient clinic after discharge had recovered.

Objectives: This study uses the short-form Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) to screen for depression among Korean career soldiers, aiming to protect mental health and ensure military stability. Methods: The study involves 2922 career soldiers who completed online self-report questionnaires assessing suicidality, depression, anxiety, and social support. Diagnosis of major depressive episodes (MDEs) using the Korean version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI) was confirmed through Pearson correlation analysis of the 20 CES-D items. The top three correlated items form the Depression Screening Questionnaire for Korean Career soldiers (DSQ-KC). Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) values were obtained, with the DSQ-KC total score as the explanatory variable and MDEs as the response variable. Independent t-tests were performed to determine whether suicidality, anxiety, and social support differed based on the cut-off scores of the DSQ-KC. Results: In the analysis of each CES-D item with an MDE diagnosis, items 4, 6, and 3 were obtained. The AUC value was 0.958. At a cut-off score of 2, sensitivity and specificity were 93.9% and 89.9%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 14.7% and 99.6%, respectively. Conversely, at a cut-off score of 3, sensitivity and specificity were 83.7% and 94.4%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 27.7% and 98.9%, respectively. Associations with suicidality, anxiety, and use of social networks from cut-off scores of 2 or 3 were examined. Conclusion The DSQ-KC, developed with three reliable items, is user-friendly and can be utilized in suicide prevention projects for career soldiers.

Background: and Purpose: The National Responsibility Policy for Dementia Care was implemented in September 2017 in Korea. This study aimed to compare dementia incidence in Seoul and Gangwon-do before and after the implementation of this policy. Methods: We extracted insurance claim data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service for people diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia for the first time in Seoul and Gangwon-do, Korea. We defined two enrollment groups based on the policy implementation date: 1) January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016 (Index 1, pre-implementation), and 2) January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 (Index 2, postimplementation). Each group was followed up for 1 year from the time of enrollment. Then, we calculated hazard ratios to compare the incidence of dementia between the two groups, and between Seoul and Gangwon-do. Results: In Seoul, the incidence of dementia was significantly lower in Index 2 than in Index 1 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.926; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.875–0.979). However, the incidence rate did not differ between the 2 groups (HR, 1.113; 95% CI, 0.966–1.281) in Gangwon-do. In Index 1, the incidence of dementia did not differ between Seoul and Gangwon-do (HR, 1.043; 95% CI, 0.941–1.156), but in Index 2, was significantly higher in Gangwon-do than in Seoul (HR, 1.240; 95% CI, 1.109–1.386). Conclusions After implementing the National Responsibility Policy for Dementia Care, the dementia incidence rate decreased significantly in Seoul, consistent with other studies, but not in Gangwon-do.

Objectives: This study uses the short-form Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) to screen for depression among Korean career soldiers, aiming to protect mental health and ensure military stability. Methods: The study involves 2922 career soldiers who completed online self-report questionnaires assessing suicidality, depression, anxiety, and social support. Diagnosis of major depressive episodes (MDEs) using the Korean version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI) was confirmed through Pearson correlation analysis of the 20 CES-D items. The top three correlated items form the Depression Screening Questionnaire for Korean Career soldiers (DSQ-KC). Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) values were obtained, with the DSQ-KC total score as the explanatory variable and MDEs as the response variable. Independent t-tests were performed to determine whether suicidality, anxiety, and social support differed based on the cut-off scores of the DSQ-KC. Results: In the analysis of each CES-D item with an MDE diagnosis, items 4, 6, and 3 were obtained. The AUC value was 0.958. At a cut-off score of 2, sensitivity and specificity were 93.9% and 89.9%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 14.7% and 99.6%, respectively. Conversely, at a cut-off score of 3, sensitivity and specificity were 83.7% and 94.4%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 27.7% and 98.9%, respectively. Associations with suicidality, anxiety, and use of social networks from cut-off scores of 2 or 3 were examined. Conclusion The DSQ-KC, developed with three reliable items, is user-friendly and can be utilized in suicide prevention projects for career soldiers.

Objectives: This study uses the short-form Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) to screen for depression among Korean career soldiers, aiming to protect mental health and ensure military stability. Methods: The study involves 2922 career soldiers who completed online self-report questionnaires assessing suicidality, depression, anxiety, and social support. Diagnosis of major depressive episodes (MDEs) using the Korean version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI) was confirmed through Pearson correlation analysis of the 20 CES-D items. The top three correlated items form the Depression Screening Questionnaire for Korean Career soldiers (DSQ-KC). Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) values were obtained, with the DSQ-KC total score as the explanatory variable and MDEs as the response variable. Independent t-tests were performed to determine whether suicidality, anxiety, and social support differed based on the cut-off scores of the DSQ-KC. Results: In the analysis of each CES-D item with an MDE diagnosis, items 4, 6, and 3 were obtained. The AUC value was 0.958. At a cut-off score of 2, sensitivity and specificity were 93.9% and 89.9%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 14.7% and 99.6%, respectively. Conversely, at a cut-off score of 3, sensitivity and specificity were 83.7% and 94.4%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 27.7% and 98.9%, respectively. Associations with suicidality, anxiety, and use of social networks from cut-off scores of 2 or 3 were examined. Conclusion The DSQ-KC, developed with three reliable items, is user-friendly and can be utilized in suicide prevention projects for career soldiers.

Objectives: This study uses the short-form Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) to screen for depression among Korean career soldiers, aiming to protect mental health and ensure military stability. Methods: The study involves 2922 career soldiers who completed online self-report questionnaires assessing suicidality, depression, anxiety, and social support. Diagnosis of major depressive episodes (MDEs) using the Korean version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (K-MINI) was confirmed through Pearson correlation analysis of the 20 CES-D items. The top three correlated items form the Depression Screening Questionnaire for Korean Career soldiers (DSQ-KC). Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) values were obtained, with the DSQ-KC total score as the explanatory variable and MDEs as the response variable. Independent t-tests were performed to determine whether suicidality, anxiety, and social support differed based on the cut-off scores of the DSQ-KC. Results: In the analysis of each CES-D item with an MDE diagnosis, items 4, 6, and 3 were obtained. The AUC value was 0.958. At a cut-off score of 2, sensitivity and specificity were 93.9% and 89.9%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 14.7% and 99.6%, respectively. Conversely, at a cut-off score of 3, sensitivity and specificity were 83.7% and 94.4%, respectively, with positive and negative predictive values of 27.7% and 98.9%, respectively. Associations with suicidality, anxiety, and use of social networks from cut-off scores of 2 or 3 were examined. Conclusion The DSQ-KC, developed with three reliable items, is user-friendly and can be utilized in suicide prevention projects for career soldiers.

Objectives: To assess the satisfaction of dementia patients with telemedicine services. Underlying factors were extracted from a satisfaction dataset, and possible associations among factors were investigated to determine their statistical relevances. Methods: A survey was conducted using a questionnaire to determine satisfaction with telemedicine services of patients with dementia in 9 public health centers and 5 designated hospitals in 8 provinces in Gangwon-do from 20 July 2020 to 31 October 2020. Four hundred and ninety-seven users responded to the survey. Factor analysis was performed on survey data and multiple linear regression was used to extract relevant factors. Results: The percentage of subjects satisfied with telemedicine services was 78.8%. Thirty-five items of the satisfaction survey indicated that the five factors, that is, necessity (Cronbach’s α 0.952), satisfaction (Cronbach’s α 0.929), medical system reliability (Cronbach’s α 0.924), medical staff reliability (Cronbach’s α 0.924), and geographic vulnerability (Cronbach’s α 0.922), were related to satisfaction with telemedicine services, and that of these, geographic vulnerability was most associated with the need for telemedicine services. Conclusion This study shows that dementia patients with experience of telemedicine services were generally satisfied with treatment. Despite its limitations, the satisfaction survey was found to provide a reliable and valid scale for assessing user satisfaction.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify risk and protective factors of suicidality among Korean military officers. Methods: This study was conducted on 3162 military officers. Data were collected by online survey after obtaining informed consent. Demographic characteristics, depression, anxiety, suicidality, social support, stress, and attitude toward suicide were evaluated using structured instruments and self-report questionnaires. Suicidality was defined as having a suicidal idea, a suicide plan, or attempting suicide. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression to investigate associations between potential risk and protective factors and suicidality. Results: Depression (odds ratio [OR]=16.313, 95% confidence interval [CI]=10.028–26.539), anxiety (OR=14.377, 95% CI=8.680–23.812), and stress (OR=8.116, 95% CI=4.637–14.207) were positively associated with suicidality. On the other hand, good social networks and an unaccepting attitude toward suicide were negatively associated with suicidality (OR=0.131, 95% CI=0.072–0.240). No significant correlation was observed between living status and suicidality (OR=0.991, 95% CI=0.598–1.642). Conclusion Depression, anxiety, and stress were found to be risk factors of suicidality among Korean military officers. In contrast, good social networks and unaccepting attitudes toward suicide acted as protective factors. Hence, preventive interventions that place focus on risk and protective factors should be developed and implemented to mitigate suicidality.