In this study, we describe Korean isolates of Trichomonas vaginalis infected with double-stranded (ds) RNA virus (TVV). One T. vaginalis isolate infected with TVV IH-2 evidenced weak pathogenicity in the mouse assay coupled with the persistent presence of a dsRNA, thereby indicating a hypovirulence effect of dsRNA in T. vaginalis. Cloning and sequence analysis results revealed that the genomic dsRNA of TVV IH-2 was 4,647 bp in length and evidenced a sequence identity of 80% with the previously-described TVV 1-1 and 1-5, but only a 42% identity with TVV 2-1 and 3 isolates. It harbored 2 overlapping open reading frames of the putative capsid protein and dsRNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). As previously observed in the TVV isolates 1-1 and 1-5, a conserved ribosomal slippage heptamer (CCUUUUU) and its surrounding sequence context within the consensus 14-nt overlap implied the gene expression of a capsid protein-RdRp fusion protein, occurring as the result of a potential ribosomal frameshift event. The phylogenetic analysis of RdRp showed that the Korean TVV IH-2 isolate formed a compact group with TVV 1-1 and 1-5 isolates, which was divergent from TVV 2-1, 3 and other viral isolates classified as members of the Giardiavirus genus.
Abscess/parasitology/pathology ; Animals ; Capsid Proteins/genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Frameshifting, Ribosomal ; Giardiavirus/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Humans ; Korea ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; RNA Replicase/genetics ; RNA, Double-Stranded/*genetics ; RNA, Viral/*genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology ; Trichomonas Infections/*virology ; Trichomonas vaginalis/genetics/isolation & purification/pathogenicity/*virology ; Virulence