No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections*

We report a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with palpable right inguinal lymph node in a 6-year-old girl which developed rapidly on the right labia minora over a period of 2 montha. Histopathological study showed characteristic findings of spindle shaped rhabdomyoblast with hyperchromatic nuclei and cytoplasmicprocesses. After a preoperative chemotherapy with vincristine, actinomycin D, and cytoxan, the size of the mass was reduced, and lymph nodes were not palpable. And then, simple vulvectomy. postoperhtive cheirnatherapy and radiotherapy were done.
Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; Dactinomycin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Female* ; Genitalia, Female* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Radiotherapy ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal* ; Vincristine

PURPOSE: This study investigated the influence of bone quality and surgical technique on the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value. In addition, the influence of interfacial bone quality, directly surrounding the implant fixture, on the resonance frequency of the structure was also evaluated by the finite element analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two different types of bone (type 1 and type 2) were extracted and trimmed from pig rib bone. In each type of bone, the same implants were installed in three different ways: (1) Compaction, (2) Self-tapping, and (3) Tapping. The ISQ value was measured and analyzed to evaluate the influence of bone quality and surgical technique on the implant primary stability. For finite element analysis, a three dimensional implant fixture-bone structure was designed and the fundamental resonance frequency of the structure was measured with three different density of interfacial bone surrounding the implant fixture. RESULTS: In each group, the ISQ values were higher in type 1 bone than those in type 2 bone. Among three different insertion methods, the Tapping group showed the lowest ISQ value in both type 1 and type 2 bones. In both bone types, the Compaction groups showed slightly higher mean ISQ values than the Self-tapping groups, but the differences were not statistically significant. Increased interfacial bone density raised the resonance frequency value in the finite element analysis. CONCLUSION: Both bone quality and surgical technique have influence on the implant primary stability, and resonance frequency has a positive relation with the density of implant fixture-surrounding bone.
Bone Density ; Finite Element Analysis ; Ribs

Upward migration of the peritoneal catheter of a subgaleo-peritoneal (SP) shunt and coiling into the subgaleal space is an extremely rare complication of a SP shunt. A 32-year-old male patient visited our hospital presenting with a large skull defect due to a prior craniectomy performed elsewhere. The patient underwent a cranioplasty with methylmetacrylate, but subsequently developed progressive pseudomeningocele and subgaleal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection. The patient underwent CSF diversion via a SP shunt. After SP shunting, the pseudomeningocele disappeared completely. Six months later, the patient presented with progressive scalp swelling. Skull X-ray showed migration and coiling of the distal catheter of the SP shunt. The patient was treated by removing the entire shunt catheter and the dura was covered with a subgaleal flap. We would like to report our experience with a very rare complication of subgaleo-peritoneal shunting.
Adult ; Catheters* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Humans ; Male ; Scalp ; Skull

Percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration(PCNA) and biopsy(PCNB) are well-accepted methods for thediagnosis of various intrathoracic lesions. Implantation of cancer cells along the needle tract is one of therarest complications of these techniques, but was found along the needle tract in a patient who underwent PCNB forlung cancer.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

BACKGROUND: Pressure damage to respiratory mucosa from overinflation of bronchial cuffs has been implicated as a cause of bronchial rupture, a rare but devastating complication of double-lumen endobronchial tubes. We evaluated the severity of bronchial mucosal damage by bronchial cuff pressure in Robertshaw double-lumen endobronchial tubes. METHODS: Eighteen patients were divided into two groups: in group 1(n=9), bronchial cuff pressure was maintained by 25 mmHg; in group 2(n=9), bronchial cuff pressure was maintained by 35 mmHg during one-lung ventilation. We evaluated the bronchial mucosa by using fiberoptic bronchoscopy before bronchial intubation and following extubation. According to the number of petechia and mucosal hemorrage or tearing, damage scoring was performed. RESULTS: Damage scores of Group 1 are represented by 0(normal mucosa) in number of 3 patients, 1 (small number of petechia) in 2 patients, 2 (large number of petechia) in 3 patients, 3 (mucosal hemorrhage) in 1 patient and above score 4 (mucosal tearing) was not existed. Scores of Group 2 are represented by 0 in number of 1 patient, 1 in 3 patients, 2 in 4 patients, 3 in 1 patient and above score 4 was not existed. CONCLUSION: Degree of bronchial mucosal damage was not related with the bronchial cuff pressure of double lumen tubes.
Bronchoscopy ; Humans ; Intubation ; Lung ; Mucous Membrane ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Respiratory Mucosa ; Rupture

Accidents, Traffic ; Diagnosis ; Facial Injuries ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Jeollanam-do ; Lacerations ; Male ; Mandibular Fractures ; Neck ; Postoperative Complications ; Social Environment ; Surgery, Oral ; Violence

This study was designed to evaluated the effects of opioid receptor agonists on the spontaneous alternation behaviour in an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rats. According to the theory that dopamine is related to the biological etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder, the effect of the nalbuphine(opioid kappa agonist) and the tramadol(opioid mu agonist), which act as manipulating agents on the inhibition or stimulation of dopamine release, in the spontaneous alternation behaviour were evaluated. 24 hours prior to the experiment, rats were food-deprived. These rats were put into the T-maze, in which white and black goal boxes were baited with small amounts of chocolate milk. Each rat was given 2 set of 7 trials during which it was placed in the start box and allowed to choose the one of the goal boxes for each time. After identifying the stable baseline of spontaneous alternation behaviour, nonselective 5-HT agonist 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) disrupted spontaneous alternation. Rats were stratified into fluoxetine(10mg/kg/IP), nalbuphine(10mg/kg/IP), tramadol(46.4mg/kg/IP), and saline(0.5cc/IP) injection group with experimental drug treatment for 21 days. The effects on the 5-M?DMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced disruption of spontaneous alternation behaviour were checked at the next day of discontinuation of drug treatment. The results were as follows : 1) At the day after 21 days of the drug treatment, the nalbuphine treated group and the fluoxetine treated group showed significant difference from the tramadol treated group and the saline treated group in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. 2) Within each drug treatment group, the fluoxetine treated group showed significant difference between before and after the treatment of fluoxetine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. And also, the nalbuphine treated group showed significant difference between before and after the treatment of nalbuphine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. There was no difference between the baseline and after the treatment of nalbuphine in the 5-MeODMT(1.25mg/kg/IP) induced suppression of spontaneous alternation behaviour. We indentified that the opioid kappa agonist that act as dopamine release inhibitor affect the spontaneous alternation behaviour which is an animal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rat.
Animals ; Cacao ; Dopamine ; Fluoxetine ; Milk ; Models, Animal ; Nalbuphine ; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ; Rats* ; Receptors, Opioid ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists ; Tramadol

BACKGROUND: A management protocol for hepatitis C virus (HCV) after liver transplantation (LT) has not been established in Korea. We therefore investigated HCV transplant protocols and post-transplant results from liver transplant centers in Korea. METHODS: The HCV protocol and medical data of individual cases from eight major liver transplant centers were compiled and analyzed. RESULTS: A post-transplant protocol biopsy was performed in only three centers. In these centers, HCV treatment was considered when pathological abnormalities were confirmed on the protocol biopsy (irrespective of liver function). In the other five centers, biopsies were performed when biochemical parameters were aggravated. Only two out of the eight centers performed preemptive or prophylactic therapy. A total of 5,663 adult LTs were performed between 2000 and 2010. HCV-related liver disease was responsible for 277 LTs (4.9%). Pre-transplant data were not available in many patients, including HCV genotype and serum HCV RNA level. Tacrolimus was more frequently used for initial maintenance immunosuppression than cyclosporine A (61.7% vs. 36.8%). Post-transplant HCV treatment was performed in 135 patients (48.7%). Sixty-seven recipients (24.2%) died during follow-up after LT and 11 HCV-related graft loss (4.0%) developed. The cumulative patient survival rate was 74.7% at 5 years and 67.9% at 10 years after LT. CONCLUSIONS: The HCV management protocol after LT varied markedly between the eight Korean transplant centers and a standard protocol did not exist. A nationwide multicenter study is required to investigate the most effective treatment for HCV after LT, with the goal of establishing the most effective standard protocol.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cyclosporine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis C ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Korea ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Transplantation ; RNA ; Survival Rate ; Tacrolimus ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to identify demographic variables and illness related variables which may affect the severity of self-engulfment in the patients with schizophrenia. We also studied the relationship between self-engulfment and insight, and the relationship between self-engulfment and self-esteem. METHODS: Data on demographic variables and illness related variables for the subjects were gathered from hospital records and clinical interviews by the psychiatrists. Degree of insight far the subjects was assessed through clinical interviews by the psychiatrists. Degree of self-engulfment and self-esteem for the subject was assessed from the self-engulfment scale and the self-esteem state respectively. A total of 111 patients with schizophrenia were selected for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 1) The females exhibited significantly higher socres than the males on the self-engulfment scale . 2) There was no illness related variable, which exhibited a significant difference among subgroups on the self-engulfment scale. 3) There was no significant correlation between the self-engulfment stores and the insight scores . 4) There was a significantly inverse correlation between the self-engulfment scores and the self esteem scores. CONCLUSION: The results of this preliminary study suggest that self-engulfment may develop despite lack of insight, and that there was inverse relationship between self-engulfment and self-esteem in the patients with schizophrenia. It also suggests that females are more subject to self-engulfment than males. So, authors suggest that it is valuable to do further studies of self-engulfment in the patients with schizophrenia.
Female ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Male ; Psychiatry ; Schizophrenia ; Self Concept