No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Sterilization, Tubal*

Chromophobe cell renal carcinoma is an uncommon variety of renal cell carcinoma first described in humans in 1985 by Thoenes and his colleagues. It is a distinct type of renal cancer presumably derived from the intercalated cells of the collecting duct system and exhibiting a better prognosis than other types of renal cell carcinoma. This type of renal cell carcinoma has not been reported in Korean literature. We experienced three cases of chromophobe cell renal carcinoma from surgical pathology files of Dong-A medical center. The patients were a 65-year-old female, a 54-year-old female, and a 50-year-old male who had 8.2x6 cm, 4x2.5 cm and 4.3x3.2 cm sized, yellowish gray, beige to tan colored masses in the kidneys, respectively. Microscopically, the tumor cells were arranged in sheets or nests with delicate intervening vasculature. The cells were voluminous, uniform in appearance and contained finely reticulated cytoplasms delineated by prominent cell borders. With Hale's iron colloid staining the cytoplasm showed positive reaction; with PAS staining the result was negative. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed positive reaction for cytokeratin but negative for vimentin. Electron microscopy showed numerous small, round to oval cytoplasmic vesicles, 150-300nm in size. All the patients received only radical nephrectomy and survived without evidence of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up intervals ranging from 4 months to 5 years.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

From February 1996 to May 1997, 18 patients underwent mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation. There were 9 male and 9 female patients aged from 19 to 68 years (mean, 53). Thirteen patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and IV. The cause of mitral regurgitation was degenerative in 12 patients, rheumatic in 5 patients and infective in 1 patient. Fifteen patients were in Carpentier's functional classification II, 2 patients in Carpentier's class III and 1 patient in Carpentier's class I. Surgical procedures included prosthetic ring annuloplasty (16 cases), rectangular resection of posterior leaflet (15 cases), chordal shortening (5 cases), triangular resection of anterior leaflet (2 cases), commissurotomy (2 cases), partial transposition of posterior leaflet (1 case). These procedures were combined in most patients. There was no operative death. These patients have been followed from 1 to 15 months, mean of 6.7 months. There was one late death resulted from low cardiac output following mitral valve replacement. The function of the repaired valve in other 17 patients has remained satisfactory during the observed interval. We consider that mitral valve repair is highly satisfactory in patients with mitral regurgitation.
Cardiac Output, Low ; Classification ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency* ; Mitral Valve*

A statistical observation was performed on 13,317 cases of neonates who had been delivered at Taegu Catholic Hospital during the past 3 years from Jan, 1st 1988 to Dec. 31st 1990. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Among 13,317 neonates, the male was 7,234 and the female 6,083, with the sex ratio of male to female being 1.19:1 2) Percentage distribution by birth weight was 5.6% for 2.500gm or less, 3.3% for 4,001gm or more. The mortality rate was 8.4 per 1,000 live births and 61.1% for very low birth weight infants. 57.1% of neonatal death occured within 24 hours after birth and the most common cause of death was prematurity (53.6%). 3) The mean growth data at birth were as following: Weight: 3,253+/-484gm in male, 3,160+/-456gm in female; Height: 50.11+/-2.59cm in male, 49.57+/-2.50cm in female; Head circumference: 33.60+/-1.74cm in male, 33.12+/-1.64cm in female; Chest circumference: 32.83+/-1.83cm in male, 32.41+/-1.75cm in female. 4) Among 13,317 noenates, 352 (2.6%) were under 37 wks and 555 (4.2%) above 42 wks and 92.6% very low birth weight infants under 37 wks. 5) 44.2% of 13,317 neonates, was the highest-density distribution which was between 47.5~52.4cm by length and 3,001~3,500gm by weighing. 6) The admission rate was 13.7% and the causes of admission in order of frequency were neonatal infection (47.9%), premature or low birth weight infant (12.9%), neonatal jaundice (11.3%), asphyxia neonatorum (6.9%), respiratory disress syndrome (5.4%), etc. 7) Among all neonates, 2.2% had neonatal asphyxia (a 1-minute Apgar score of 6 or less). The highest incidence was 19.7% in the breech delivery group by delivery mode and 33.6% in the prematurity by gestational age. 8) The types of delivery in order of frequency were spontaneous vaginal delivery (72.5%), Cesarean section (21.9%), vacuum delivery (5.0%), breech delivery (0.5%) and forceps delivery (0.1%). 9) The incidence of twin babies was 182 (91 pairs), 1.37% of all neonates, 1 pair per 145 neonates. Of all twins, 50.5% were below 2,500gm of birth weight and 20.9% premature. 10) The incidence of neonatal jaundice was 63.0%. Of icteric neonates, 8.2% had pathologic jaundice treated by phototherapy or exchange transfusion. 11) Among all neonates, there were 7,705 cases (57.9%) with high risk factors; the order of frequency was Cesarean section (37.8), meconium stained (13.3%), premature rupture of membranes over 24 hours (12.7%), birth weight 2,500gm or less (9.6%), etc.
Apgar Score ; Asphyxia ; Asphyxia Neonatorum ; Birth Weight ; Cause of Death ; Cesarean Section ; Daegu ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; Live Birth ; Male ; Meconium ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Parturition ; Phototherapy ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Rupture ; Sex Ratio ; Surgical Instruments ; Thorax ; Twins ; Vacuum

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate which Korean pain descriptors are frequently used in the patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases and compare the frequency of Korean pain descriptor according to age, gender, pain pattern and intensity, and clinical diagnosis.METHOD: Two hundreds sixty nine patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases were enrolled in this study. The patients were asked to fill out a pain questionnaire using Korean. The Korean pain descriptors were collected and classified according to neurophysiological mechanism. The frequency of Korean pain descriptor was analyzed by age, gender, pain pattern and intensity, and clinical diagnosis. They were divided into axial spine and peripheral joint pain group depending on the location of causal disease and shoulder pain descriptors were divided into intra-articular and bursa group.RESULTS: Among 24 Korean pain descriptors, ‘arida’ was the most common pain descriptor, followed by ‘ssusida’ and ‘jjireunda’. When the pain descriptors were classified according to neurophysiological mechanism, superficial somatic pain was the most common, followed by deep somatic pain. There was a significant difference in the frequency of the pain descriptor between axial spine and peripheral joint pain group (p=0.007). The pain descriptor ‘danggida’ was used significantly more in the patients with axial spine pain than peripheral joint pain (p=0.024). However, there was no significant difference in other factors.CONCLUSION: The patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases expressed their pain using various Korean pain descriptors with stabbing nature and superficial somatic pain. Our results may be helpful to assess and develop a new Korean pain quality measure in the patients with neuromusculoskeletal diseases.
Arthralgia ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Methods ; Musculoskeletal Pain ; Neuralgia ; Nociceptive Pain ; Sensation ; Shoulder Pain ; Spine ; Subject Headings

A recent study claimed that botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection into the calf muscle of cerebral palsy (CP) children did not change the intrinsic stiffness. Contrary to this recent report, in our case, decreased muscle spasticity, which was measured using a modified Ashworth scale, and increased Gross Motor Function Measure score were demonstrated at 4 weeks after intensive rehabilitation treatment (IRT) with BTX-A injection to the medial gastrocnemius muscle in a child with spastic CP. Additionally, we indentified decreased muscle stiffness which was demonstrated by a decrease in the color-coded scale and shear velocity, and an increase in the strain ratio using dynamic sonoelastography.
Botulinum Toxins ; Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Humans ; Muscle Spasticity ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Sprains and Strains

Carpal tunnel syndrome can be produced by abnormal mass effect due to trauma, ganglion cysts, various soft tissue tumors, musculotendinous variants, and aberrant vascular structures. Persistent median artery is one of the causes of the carpal tunnel syndrome. Thrombosed persistent median artery usually accompanies the anomaly of the median nerve and causes a sudden onset of severe pain and paresthesia. In contrast to previous literature, we report the rare case of gradual onset and mild symptom of a 53-year-old man with a thrombosed persistent median artery but without anomaly of the median nerve and abnormal finding of electrophysiologic study.
Arteries ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Dilatation ; Ganglion Cysts ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Middle Aged ; Paresthesia ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: It is well known that the prevalence of lung cancer is higher in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) patients than in the general population. This high prevalence is explained by the concept of 'scar carcinoma'. There have been several reports on the prevalence of histologic type of lung cancer in IPF with conflicting results. Despite of the high smoker rate in almost all previous reports, none considered the smoking history of patients. Therefore we performed a separate studies on fibrosis associated lung cancer and smoking associated lung cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the proportion of lung cancer in IPF that is fibrosis assiciated and to determine the most common histologic type in fibrosis associated lung cancer in IPF. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records and radilolgic studies was performed for cases of lung cancer with IPF. We investigated smoking history, sequence of diagnosis of lung cancer and IPF, histologic type of lung cancer and the cancer location, especially whether the location is associated with fibrosis. To evaluate the proportion of fibrous associated lung cancer, the lung cancer in IPF were categorized according to the presence of fibrosis at cancer location. RESULTS: Fifty seven patients were subjects for this analysis. Six(11%) cases were diagnosed as lung cancer during follow-up for IPF, and both diseases were diagnosed simultaneously in the others. Ninety four percent of patients were smokers and the average smoking amount was 47.1±21.9 pack-year. Among the patients with IPF and lung cancer, 42(80.8%) cases were considered as 'fibrosis associated'. The remainder was 'not fibrosis associated' and probably was due to smoking etc. Although the most frequent histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma as a whole, adenocarcinoma was the prominent histologic type in 'fibrosis associated lung cancer.' CONCLUSION: Considering the proportion of 'fibrosis not associated lung cancer' in the patients with IPF and lung cancer, significant proportion of lung cancer in IPF may not be fibrosis induced. This may influence the distribution of histologic type of lung cancer in IPF.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Medical Records ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular junction disorders mediated by various autoantibodies. Although most patients with MG require chronic immunosuppressive treatment to control disease activity, appropriate surveillance biomarkers that monitor disease activity or potential toxicity of immunosuppressants are yet to be developed. Herein, we investigated quantitative distribution of peripheral blood B cell subsets and transcriptional profiles of memory B cells (CD19+ CD27+) in several subgroups of MG patients classified according to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) Clinical Classification. This study suggests potential immunologic B-cell markers that may guide treatment decision in future clinical settings.
Americas ; Autoantibodies ; B-Lymphocyte Subsets ; B-Lymphocytes ; Biomarkers ; Classification ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Memory ; Myasthenia Gravis ; Neuromuscular Junction Diseases ; Transcriptome