1.A Study on the Factors Influencing the Accuracy of Chest Compression during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Trying in a Moving Ambulance.
Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine 2009;20(4):343-354
PURPOSE: The study offers the recommended guidelines for EMTs to improve their CPR techniques in an ambulance by analyzing external factors to perform more effective and accurate chest compression in a moving ambulance while patients are being transported to hospital. METHODS: Seventeen of the first class EMTs at GyeongGi- Do agreed to participate in the research. In order to analyze the factors that have influenced the accuracy of chest compression, the type of ambulance (Van-type, Truck-type), velocity of a moving ambulance (60, 70, 80 km/hr), chest compression posture (standing, knee supported) and assistive devices (Main stretcher car, CPR board, Long Spine board) for chest compression were compared to each other. The research was conducted according to the phased procedure in an attempt to evaluate the difference between the chest compression posture and the assistive devices in appropriateness of chest compression. RESULTS: The findings of this study included that chest compression posture and the use of assistive devices influenced the effectiveness of chest compression. With regard to compression depth, the chest compression that occurred on the main stretcher in ambulances while in the standing position, were the least effective. Chest compression that occurred on a Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation board (CPR board) was the most effective in the supported posture. In addition, the accuracy of chest compression was higher in a supported posture than in a standing posture. In both postures, the accuracy of chest compression was higher when a CPR board or a Long spine board (LSB) were used, than when a main stretcher was used. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the chest compression posture and the use of assistive devices had an effect on appropriateness of chest compression. As for posture during chest compression, the accuracy of chest compression increased when knees were supported. Also, the study suggested that the use of CPR board among other assistive devices for chest compression was the factor contributing to an increase in the effectiveness of chest compression depth.
Ambulances
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
;
Humans
;
Knee
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Posture
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Self-Help Devices
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Spine
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Thorax
2.Clinical Outcome of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction including Visual Quality Analysis.
Gi Sung SON ; Su Chan LEE ; Tae Hyung LIM
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2016;57(4):562-567
PURPOSE: To present the clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) including visual quality analysis in Korean patients with myopia METHODS: The medical records of 228 eyes of 116 patients who underwent SMILE in HanGil Eye Hospital LASIK Center from May 2014 to Feb 2015 and were followed-up for at least 3 months was analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. Refractive value, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and visual quality were measured at each visit RESULTS: Preoperatively, uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.02 in log MAR, spherical equivalent was -5.03 ± 1.72 diopters, intraocular pressure was 15.85 ± 2.85 mm Hg, and the objective scattering index (OSI) value was 0.68 ± 0.49. The postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10, 0.05 ± 0.08, 0.04 ± 0.09, and 0.02 ± 0.04 and OSI was 2.16 ± 1.89, 1.25 ± 0.64, 1.14 ± 0.69, and 0.81 ± 0.36 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation, respectively. The postoperative intraocular pressure was 12.55 ± 3.74 mm Hg, 13.03 ± 4.35 mm Hg, 11.65 ± 2.49 mm Hg at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. The efficacy of refractive surgery 3 months after the operation was 0.97 ± 0.11, the safety was 0.99 ± 0.10, and predictability was 99.56% and 100.00% at the range of ±0.5 diopters and ± 1.0 diopter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SMILE operation showed comparable clinical outcomes with conventional refractive surgery in terms of efficacy, safety, and predictability. Intraocular pressure and visual quality normalized gradually throughout the 3-month postoperative period.
Humans
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Intraocular Pressure
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Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ
;
Medical Records
;
Myopia
;
Postoperative Period
;
Refractive Surgical Procedures
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Visual Acuity
3.Clinical Outcome of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction including Visual Quality Analysis.
Gi Sung SON ; Su Chan LEE ; Tae Hyung LIM
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2016;57(4):562-567
PURPOSE: To present the clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) including visual quality analysis in Korean patients with myopia METHODS: The medical records of 228 eyes of 116 patients who underwent SMILE in HanGil Eye Hospital LASIK Center from May 2014 to Feb 2015 and were followed-up for at least 3 months was analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed up at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. Refractive value, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and visual quality were measured at each visit RESULTS: Preoperatively, uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.01 ± 0.02 in log MAR, spherical equivalent was -5.03 ± 1.72 diopters, intraocular pressure was 15.85 ± 2.85 mm Hg, and the objective scattering index (OSI) value was 0.68 ± 0.49. The postoperative uncorrected distant visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10, 0.05 ± 0.08, 0.04 ± 0.09, and 0.02 ± 0.04 and OSI was 2.16 ± 1.89, 1.25 ± 0.64, 1.14 ± 0.69, and 0.81 ± 0.36 at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation, respectively. The postoperative intraocular pressure was 12.55 ± 3.74 mm Hg, 13.03 ± 4.35 mm Hg, 11.65 ± 2.49 mm Hg at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the operation. The efficacy of refractive surgery 3 months after the operation was 0.97 ± 0.11, the safety was 0.99 ± 0.10, and predictability was 99.56% and 100.00% at the range of ±0.5 diopters and ± 1.0 diopter, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SMILE operation showed comparable clinical outcomes with conventional refractive surgery in terms of efficacy, safety, and predictability. Intraocular pressure and visual quality normalized gradually throughout the 3-month postoperative period.
Humans
;
Intraocular Pressure
;
Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ
;
Medical Records
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Myopia
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Postoperative Period
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Refractive Surgical Procedures
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Visual Acuity
4.Clinical and pathologic characteristics of uterine sarcoma.
Soon Beom KANG ; Jong Hyeok KIM ; Sung Gi SON ; Joong Shin PARK ; Hyo Pyo LEE
Journal of the Korean Cancer Association 1991;23(4):769-776
No abstract available.
Sarcoma*
5.Construction of an ideal set-up model for lingual orthodontic treatment.
Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2005;35(6):459-474
Making a precise and ideal set-up model is an essential part in the indirect bonding procedure for lingual orthodontic treatment. To evaluate the accuracy of the making a set-up model, 22 adult patients who received lingual orthodontic treatment with 4 bicuspid extractions were selected, and 3 sets of dental models (before, set-up, and after treatment) were measured using the set-up model gauge, an instrument for measuring the inclination and angulation of the clinical crowns on the dental model. Two sets of lateral cephalograms (before and after) from each patient were also evaluated. The mean difference between the before treatment model and the set-up model was -3.93 +/- 6.98 degrees for the inclination and 1.87 +/- 5.79 degrees for the angulation. And the mean difference between the set-up model and the after treatment model was -4.31 +/- 5.91 degrees labiolingually and -2.16 +/- 3.27 degrees mesiodistally. The after treatment model differed from the before treatment model about -8.24 +/- 5.39 degrees in inclination. There were no significant difference between the measured gauge that measured from the dental model using the set-up model gauge and the calculated gauge angle measured from the lateral cephalogram using constructed points and lines. Using the set-up model gauge, it is possible to evaluate the study model 3-dimensionally in relation with the patient's lateral cephalogram and establish whether the doctor's prescription or overcorrection is built in the set-up model precisely.
Adult
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Bicuspid
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Crowns
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Dental Models
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Humans
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Prescriptions
6.The comparative study of three-dimensional cephalograms to actual models and conventional lateral cephalograma in linear and angular measurements.
Gi Sun BAE ; Soo Byung PARK ; Woo Sung SON
Korean Journal of Orthodontics 1997;27(1):129-140
Conventional cephalometrics have inherent errors because their evaluation is performed in two-dimension for threedimensional object. To compensate these errors, three-dimensional cephalograms - derivation of three-dimensional data from conventional lateral and postero-anterior cephalograms - were developed. In this study, the accuracy and precision of three dimensional cephalograms were determined by means of 10 linear and 12 angular measurements on 36 acrylic skull models and by the comparison of conventional lateral cephalograms. The results were as follows 1. Mean difference between three-dimensional cephalograms and actual models in linear measurements was 0.94+/-0.62 mm and mean rate of magnification of three-dimensional cephalograms was 100.31+/-0.91%. There were no statistically significant differences between three-dimensional cephalograms and actual models in linear measurements(alpha=0.1). 2. Mean difference between conventional lateral cephalograms and actual models in linear measurements was 6.44+/-1.48 mm and mean rate of magnification of lateral cephalograms was 106.99+/-1.45%. There were statistically significant differences between lateral cephalograms and actual models in linear measurements(P<0.005). 3. Mean difference between three-dimensional cephalograms and actual models in angular measurements was 1.22+/-0.82degrees and mean rate of magnification of three-dimensional cephalograms was 105.71+/-12.07%. There were no statistically significant differences between three-dimensional cephalograms and actual models in angular measurements(alpha=0.1). 4. Mean difference between conventional lateral cephalograms and actual models in angular measurements was 1.70+/-0.94degrees and mean rate of magnification of lateral cephalograms was 106.35+/-15.70%. There were no statistically significant differences between lateral cephalograms and actual models in angular measurements(alpha=0.1). There were similarity between three-dimensional and lateral cephalograms in angular measurements.
Skull
7.The effect of labial inclination on intrusion of the upper and lower incisors by three-dimensional finite element analysis.
Dong Woo KIM ; Hoon Chul YANG ; Gi Tae KIM ; Sung Sik KIM ; Woo Sung SON
Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2003;33(4):259-277
This study was designed to investigate the position of anteroposterior center of resistance for genuine intrusion and the mode of change of the minimum distal force for simultanous intrusion and retraction of the upper and lower incisors according to the increase of labial inclination. For this purpose, we used the three-piece intrusion arch appliance and three-dimensional finite element models of upper and lower incisors. 1. Positions of the center of resistance in upper incisors according to the increase of the labial inclination were as follows; 1) In normal inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 6mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 2) In 10degrees increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 9mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 3) In 20degrees increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 12m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 4) In 30degrees increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 16m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 2. Positions of the center of resistance in lower incisors according to the increase of the labial inclination were as follows; 1) In normal inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 10mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 2) In 10degrees increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 13mm behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 3) In 20degrees increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 15m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 4) In 30degrees increase of the labial inclination situation, the center of resistance was located in 18m behind the distal surface of the lateral incisor bracket. 3. The patterns of stress distribution were as follows; 1) There were even compressive stresses in and periodontal ligament when intrusion force was applied through determined center of resistance. 2) There were gradual increase of complexity in compressive stress distribution pattern with increase of the labial inclination when intrusion and retraction force were applied simultaneously.
Finite Element Analysis*
;
Incisor*
;
Periodontal Ligament
8.Prognostic Factors Affecting Surgical Outcomes in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of External Auditory Canal.
Gi Sung NAM ; In Seok MOON ; Ji Hyung KIM ; Sung Huhn KIM ; Jae Young CHOI ; Eun Jin SON
Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 2018;11(4):259-266
OBJECTIVES: Carcinomas of the external auditory canal (EAC) are rare, and management remains challenging. Previous studies seeking prognostic factors for EAC cancers included cancers other than carcinomas. In this study, we analyzed the treatment outcomes of, prognostic factors for, and survival rates associated with specifically squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the EAC. METHODS: A retrospective review of 26 consecutive patients diagnosed with SCCs of the EAC in a 10-year period was performed in terms of clinical presentation, stage, choice of surgical procedure, and adjunct therapy. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were calculated and univariate analysis of prognostic factors was performed. RESULTS: The median age of the 26 patients with SCCs of the EAC was 63 years (range, 40 to 72 years), and 16 males and 10 females were included. According to the modified University of Pittsburgh staging system, the T stages were T1 in 11, T2 in six, T3 in four, and T4 in five cases. The surgical procedures employed were wide excision in three cases, lateral temporal bone resection (LTBR) in 17, and extended LTBR in four, and subtotal temporal bone resection in two. Two patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and two underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. One patient received preoperative radiation therapy, and eleven received postoperative radiation therapy. Of the possibly prognostic factors examined, advanced preoperative T stage and advanced overall stage were significant predictors of RFS, but not of OS. CONCLUSION: The advanced T stage and overall stage were associated with decreased survival after surgical treatment in patients with SCC of the EAC, highlighting the importance of clinical vigilance and early detection.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
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Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
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Drug Therapy
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Ear Canal*
;
Ear Neoplasms
;
Epithelial Cells*
;
Female
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Humans
;
Male
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Survival Rate
;
Temporal Bone
10.Transcriptional Regulation of H2B Histone Gene Expression by Nocodazole in HL-60 Cells.
Kyu LIM ; Ye Gi HONG ; Myung Sun LEE ; Mee Young SON ; Kyung Ah YUN ; Jong Il PARK ; Wan Hee YOON ; Sung Kiel PARK ; Byung Doo HWANG
Journal of the Korean Cancer Association 2000;32(2):407-416
PURPOSE: Nocodazole, a microtubule disrupting reagent, is known to arrest cells in the M phase, To gain insight on the regulatory mechanism of H2B histone gene expression by nocodazole in HL-60 cell, the binding pattern of nuclear proteins to cis element in the human H2B histone gene promoter has been investigated with DNase I footprinting and DNA mobility shift assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Northern blot hybridization was performed by the method of Virca et al. A Hinc II-Sac I fragment of pSPH28 was used as probe for Northern blot analysis of H2B histone mRNA. DNase I footprinting and DNA mobility shift assay were performed by the method of Lim et al. End labeled DNA oligomer (upper strand, 5'-CTTCACCTTATTTGCATAA GCGATTC-3') for octamer binding activity was mixed with nuclear extracts in a 20 ul reaction volume containing 60 mM KC1, 12 mM HEPES, pH 7.9, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.2 mM EDTA, 0.2 mM DTT, 12% glycerol, and 2 ug of poly [dI-dC]. RESULTS: The level of H2B histone mRNA rapidly was reduced at 24 hours in nocodazole-treated HL-60 cells and the mRNA was repressed in proportion to the concentration of nocodazole. Nocodazole-dependent repression of H2B histone gene was restored by replacement with nocodazole-free media. In DNase I footprinting analysis, one nuclear factor bound at 42 bp site (octamer motif) in the absence of nocodazole. In the presence of nocodazole, the binding of nuclear factor on octamer motif partially vanished. In DNA mobility shift assay, one DNA-protein complex (Octl) was formed when octamer motif was incubated with nuclear extract of HL-60 cell. After nocodazole treatment, Octl binding activity was reduced by time dependent manner. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that nocodazole-dependent repression of H2B histone gene is correlated with reduction of Octl binding activity in HL-60 cell.
Blotting, Northern
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Cell Division
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Deoxyribonuclease I
;
DNA
;
Edetic Acid
;
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
;
Gene Expression*
;
Glycerol
;
HEPES
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Histones*
;
HL-60 Cells*
;
Humans
;
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
;
Magnesium Chloride
;
Microtubules
;
Nocodazole*
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Nuclear Proteins
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Repression, Psychology
;
RNA, Messenger