No abstract available.
Rupture* ; Spleen*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cytoskeleton* ; Epithelial Cells* ; Estrogens* ; Rats*

Previous applications of laser bone and cartilage ablation have focused largely on the CO2 and the Nd:Yag lasers, using both the continuous wave and rapid superpulsed mode, which revealed severe thermal damage such as tissue necrosis and carbonization of the remaining tissue. In contrast, Excimer lases have provided better histologic results with minimal or no thermal damage, but the ablation rate and cutting efficiency have remained unsatisfactory. Though arthroscopic partial menisectomy has become the accepted technique for dealing with tears in menisci, division of the meniscus is sometimes difficult in the confined joint space of the knee and is associated with iatrogenic injury to the articular cartilage. The ability to quickly and safely divide or remove meniscal tissue would be a distinct advantage. The Holmium:Yag laser has many potential advantages over the CO2 laster, the Nd:Yag laser and the Excimer laser. Its principal advantages include minimal mechanical trauma to the articular cartilage, greater access to tight or restricted area of the knee joint, and its ability to function in a saline medium and to resect meniscus with minimal tissue necrosis. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the Holmium:Yag laser 74 partial menisectomies of 57 patients. Among 74 meniscal tears, there were 35 medial and 39 lateral meniscal tears. The average operation time was 33 minutes in the menisectomy and hospital stay was average 3 days. There was no significant carbonization on the surrounding tissue. Menisectomy of the posterior horn was safe and easy and there was minimal iatrogenic articular cartilage damage.
Animals ; Carbon ; Cartilage ; Cartilage, Articular ; Holmium ; Horns ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Lasers, Excimer ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Length of Stay ; Necrosis ; Tears

We report two patients with Hallervorden-Spatz disease, who were diagnosed by same MR findings of marked low signal intensity in the globus and substantia nigra. They presented with ataxic and spastic gait, intention tremor, delayed mental development, and dysarthria. They were 7 year-old male and 8 yea r-old female siblings, who were healthy until 3 years of age when they suffered from progressive symptoms. T2-weighted images showed marked low signal intensity in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra indicating an increased irondeposition, and it might suggest Hallervorden-Spatz disease.
Child ; Dysarthria ; Female ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic ; Globus Pallidus ; Humans ; Male ; Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration* ; Siblings* ; Substantia Nigra ; Tremor

PURPOSE: Pediatric sedation is an important factor for obtaining the images of good quality. We performed this study to analyze the efficacy of our sedation protocol using chloral hydrate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected prospectively 151 sedation records of children(1 day-15 years old), who were sedated with chloral hydrate for MR(n=112) or CT(n=39) studies. We initially administered 50mg/Kg orally(n=94) or rectally(n=57) 30 minutes before the scheduled examinations, and then administered additionali dose (second dose :25-35mg/Kg, third dose:10-15mg/Kg) to patients whom initial dose failed to sedate. RESULTS: Satisfactory sedation was achieved by initial administration in 109 patients(72%) without si difference between oral(per oral: P.O.) and rectal(per rectal: P.R.) administration. Second dose was required in 28% and third dose in 5%. MR and CT examinations required second dose in 36(32%) and 6 patients(15%), respectively. P.O. -patients vomited in 5%. P.R. -patients defecated in 22% after initial administration. There were no other serious complications. Time interval from the drug administration to the start of examinations was 33 minutes in initial-dose-group and 64 minutes in additional-dose-group. Two patients could not complete MR examination due to early arousal. Prolonged sedation, requiring more than 30 minutes for alertness after MR and CT examinations, was encountered in twenty(18%) and two patients(5%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Our protocol using chloral hydrate(P.O. or P.R.) is thought to be an effective and safe method for pediatric sedation for MR or CT imaging.
Arousal ; Child* ; Chloral Hydrate* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Neuroblastoma*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine the smoking status and its associated factors in military life among young Korean men to provide date for smoking prevention in military areas as a part of the health promotion program for soldiers. METHODS: 1,033 infantrymen serving in 17 military units, which are located in suburbs of K city, were enrolled in this study. A questionnaire on the soldiers smoking status and other various characteristics was obtained from October 2nd to 12th, 2000. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the various variables in order to determine the factors related to smoking. RESULTS: 1) 830(80.3%) out of 1033 subjects had smoked cigarettes and 759 persons(73.4%) were regular smokers. 2) Among the 734 soldiers who started smoking before their military service, 714 soldiers(97.2%) continued to smoke after, while 45 soldiers(15.0%) among the 299 non-smokers started smoking after joining the army. 3) Through the logistic regression analysis, the education level, specialty in the army, smoking amongst the friends they met before military service, smoking amongst soldiers in the army, dating girl friends, drinking, satisfaction with their army lives and the presence of convenient smoking places at the barracks were significant factors related to the prevalence of smoking in soldiers. CONCLUSION: the factors related with incidence of smoking in the army are the complicated interactions among the individuals personal background, general charcterisitcs of the solider and the special environment in the barracks. Therefore, to improve national soldiers' health, an active non-smoking campaign and education should be pushed to discourage smoking in the barracks.
Drinking ; Education ; Female ; Friends ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Military Personnel* ; Prevalence ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Products

No abstract available.
Anemia, Aplastic*

No abstract available.
Jeollabuk-do* ; Pregnancy* ; Toxoplasma*

The congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCMA) of the lung is a rare variant of congenital cystic lung disease consisted of one or usually multiple interconnecting cysts in the pulmonary parenchyma lined by cuboidal and columnar epithelium. This diease present clinically in three ways: 1) stillborn or perinatal death, 2)progress respiratory distress in the newborn, and 3)acute and chronic pulmonary infections in the older infant and child. The onset of symptoms, which are cyanosis, tachypnea, and other forms of respiratory distress, usually occurs at or shortly after birth, This manifestations are related to compression of the remained normal ung by expansion of the cysts. We have experienced a case of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung in a 1-day-old male infant who had tachypnea. A right upper lobectomy was done with satisfactory postoperative courses clinically and radiologically at 8 months of age. A brief review of the related literature is presented.
Child ; Cyanosis ; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital* ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung Diseases ; Lung* ; Male ; Parturition ; Tachypnea