No abstract available.
Rupture* ; Spleen*

No abstract available.
Cicatrix* ; Contracture* ; Forearm* ; Hand*

No abstract available.
Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Pneumothorax, Artificial*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

No abstract available.
Social Workers

The nerve root block or selective nerve root block is one of the primarily preoperative diagnostic tool to identify and confirm the lesion site of primary cause of pain and that is considered as one component of a comprehensive treatment program. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect and duration of the pain control by selective spinal nerve root block as a conservative treatment in patients presenting with chronic or recurrent sciatica. The authors performed 95 selective nerve root blocks in 72 patients from Sep. 1994 to May. 1996, (mean follow up 11.6 month) at the department of orthopedic surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, and the results were as follows: 1. Among 72 cases, spinal stenosis was in 45 cases (62.5%), HIVD in 19 cases (26.4%), failed back syndrome in 5 cases (6.9%), spondylosis in 2 cases (2.8%), and spondylolisthesis in I case (1.4%). 2. In 72 cases, improved more than 50% of sciatica were 61 cases (84.7%) at 3 hours, 53 cases (73.6%) at I week, 35 cases (48.6%) at 1 month, 33 cases (45.8%) at 3 months, and 33 cases (45.8%) at 6 months respectively. 3. At last follow-up, excellent and good results were 35 cases (48.6%), fair results were 25 cases (34.7%) and poor results were 12 cases (16.7%) by the Kirkaldy-Willis criteria. 4. Complications were 1 case of transient hypotension, 2 cases of severe paresthesia, but subsided without residual complication. Therefore, the selective nerve root block is one of the valuable procedure that is helpful and extremely safe in useful treatment for radicular pain associated with lumbar disease. And the trial of selective nerve root block was recommended before deciding surgical intervention on an outpatient basis.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Orthopedics ; Outpatients ; Paresthesia ; Sciatica* ; Spinal Nerve Roots* ; Spinal Nerves* ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylosis

No abstract available.
Cicatrix* ; Contracture* ; Forearm* ; Hand*

PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of automated computer aided volumetry for simulated small pulmonary nodules at computed tomography using various types of phantoms MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three sets of synthetic nodules (small, calcified and those adjacent to vessels) were studied. The volume of the nodules in each set was already known, and using multi-slice CT, volumetric data for each nodule was acquired from the three-dimensional reconstructed image. The volume was calculated by applying three different threshold values using Rapidia(R) software (3D-Med, Seoul, Korea). RESULTS: Relative errors in the measured volume of synthetic pulmonary nodules were 17.3, 2.9, and 11.5% at -200, -400, and -600 HU, respectively, and there was good correlation between true volume and measured volume at -400 HU (r=0.96, p<0.001). For calcified nodules, relative errors in measured volume were 10.9, 5.3, and 16.5% at -200, -400, and -600 HU, respectively, and there was good correlation between true volume and measured volume at -400 HU (r=1.03, p<0.001). In cases involving synthetic nodules adjacent to vessels, relative errors were 4.6, 16.3, and 31.2 % at -200, -400, and -600 HU, respectively. There was good correlation between true volume and measured volume at -200 HU (r=1.1, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Using computer-aided volumetry, the measured volumes of synthetic nodules correlated closely with their true volume. Measured volumes were the same at each threshold level, regardless of window setting.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis*

The placenta is a temporary fetomaternal organ capable of supporting fetal growth and development during pregnancy. In particular, abnormal development and dysfunction of the placenta due to cha nges in the proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and invasion of trophoblasts induce several gynecological diseases as well as abnormal fetal development. Autophagy is a catalytic process that maintains cellular structures by recycling building blocks derived from damaged microorganelles or proteins resulting from digestion in lysosomes. Additionally, autophagy is necessary to maintain homeostasis during cellular growth, development, and differentiation, and to protect cells from nutritional deficiencies or factors related to metabolism inhibition. Induced autophagy by various environmental factors has a dual role: it facilitates cellular survival in normal conditions, but the cascade of cellular death is accelerated by over-activated autophagy. Therefore, cellular death by autophagy has been known as programmed cell death type II. Autophagy causes or inhibits cellular death via the other mechanism, apoptosis, which is programmed cell death type I. Recently, it has been reported that autophagy increases in placenta-related obstetrical diseases such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation, although the mechanisms are still unclear. In particular, abnormal autophagic mechanisms prevent trophoblast invasion and inhibit trophoblast functions. Therefore, the objectives of this review are to examine the characteristics and functions of autophagy and to investigate the role of autophagy in the placenta and the trophoblast as a regulator of cell death.
Apoptosis ; Autophagy* ; Cell Death* ; Cell Differentiation ; Cellular Structures ; Digestion ; Fetal Development ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Homeostasis ; Lysosomes ; Malnutrition ; Metabolism ; Placenta* ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Recycling ; Trophoblasts