In order to correlate the frequency of neuroendocrine cells with pathologic parameters in gastric adenocarcinomas, immunoperoxidase staining for neuron specific enolase was performed on 250 consecutive cases of surgically resected gastric adenocarcinomas(201 advanced gastric carcinomas[AGCs], 49 early gastric carcinomas[EGCs] and 2 cases of gastric carcinoid tumors. Of the 252 cases of gastric carcinomas, pure exocrine carcinomas were 174 cases(69%), pure neuroendocrine(NE) carcinomas 2 cases(0.8%), mixed exocrine and NE carcinomas 32 cases(12.7%), and exocrine carcinomas with occasional NE cells 44 cases(17.5%). The frequency of gastric carcinomas with NSE-positive cells increased with age proportionally. NSE positivity was higher in polypoid or fungating tumors(AGC Borrmann type I, II, EGC I and IIa) than ulcerative or scirrhous tumors. There was no significant difference in frequency of NSE-positive cells by histologic type and differentiation of gastric adenocarcinomas. The above findings reflect that most gastric carcinomas are heterogeneous in their constituents and suggest that both exocrine and neuroendocrine carcinomas are the expression of the extreme ends of the exocrine-endocrine differentiation spectrum based on the assumption that they develop from the pluripotent stem cells differentiating into both exocrine endocrine carcinomas.

We report a case of colonic type-papillary adenocarcinoma of appendiceal origin in a 73-year-old male patient. The patient presented with right lower quadrant mass and was operated for a preoperative diagnosis of inflammatory small bowel mass. The mid one-third of the appendix showed a 3.5x3.3 cm sized, broad-based, intraluminal papillary mass. Microscopically, it was a well differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma and revealed a strong immunoreactivity to carcinoembryonic antigen. Tumor desmoplasia and acute inflammatory change were prominent.
Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma

Pharmacologic therapy is still the primary management for epilpsy; however, surgical treatment is a reasonable therapeutic option for patients suffering from medically intractable seizures, especially temporal lobe epilepsy having a documented unilateral epileptogenic area. Thirty nine patients with pharmaco-resistant complex partial seizures underwent anterior temporal lobectomy and hippocampectomy in 38 cases and frontal cortisectomy in one case. On pathological examination, hippocampal sclerosis was a predominent pathologic finding and was identified in 18 cases. Other non-neoplastic lesions consisted of 5 cases of vascular lesions(2 cavernous angiomas, 2 arteriovenous malformations and 1 angiomatosis), 3 cases of fibrous nodule, 2 cases of cicatrical changes of cerebral cortex, and 1 case of parasitic infection. Neoplasms including two cases of oligodendroglioma and one case of anaplastic astrocytoma were also noted. In seven cases, there was no detectable lesion on gross and microscopic examination. On post-operative follow-up, seizures were completely terminated in most cases(31 cases, 79%). The rest of the patients also displayed marked alleviation of symptoms. The seizures tended to recur more aften among the patients with neoplasm or no pathologically detectable lesion. In order to detect any minute pathological lesion, thorough gross and microcsopic examinations are considered to be essential.

Pathologists and others have been calling the serous cystadenoma of the pancreas "microcystic cystadenoma", following Compagno and Oertel's proposal in l978 because it usually consists of innumerable small cysts (less than 2cm). However, unilocular or predominantly macrocystic types of serous cystadenoma have been occasionally reported. Therefore, they present a difficulty in precise preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis for their simi1ar gross appearance to other cystic lesions of the pancreas. We discovered two cases of macrocystic and unilocular serous cystadenomas of the pancreas which were lined by cuboidal to flattened epithelial cells. They contained PAS positive and D-PAS negative intracytoplasmic glycogen granules. The unilocular, macrocystic and microcystic patterns may represent a morphologic spectrum of a pancreatic neoplasm. So we propose to use the term "serous cystadenoma" rather than microcystic cystadenoma.
Cysts

No abstract available.
Leydig Cell Tumor*

A computer program using automatic coding of the diagnosis has been used for report printing as well as data storage and retrieval system at the Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital. Previous surgical pathology files were also computerized by the automatic coding system using personal computer, and 100,000 cases of surgical pathology data during 7 years were computerized at present. The cpmputerized surgical files were counted and listed according to topograph and morphologic diagnosis. It is available to print out the list of a specific diagnosis or to copy the records to a floppy diskette. Collection of cases in surgical pathology files using cpmputerized automatic coding system becomes much convenient and accurate than using stored file cards or log books. In addition, previous biopsy records of the patient are automatically searched during the routine work so that understanding of a patient as a whole is possible through the informations about previous pathologic diagnosis. We confirm that automatic coding methods is the most practical and economic method for computerization of the surgical pathology records.
Biopsy

A computer program using automatic coding of the diagnosis has been used for report printing as well as data storage and retrieval system at the Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital. Previous surgical pathology files were also computerized by the automatic coding system using personal computer, and 100,000 cases of surgical pathology data during 7 years were computerized at present. The cpmputerized surgical files were counted and listed according to topograph and morphologic diagnosis. It is available to print out the list of a specific diagnosis or to copy the records to a floppy diskette. Collection of cases in surgical pathology files using cpmputerized automatic coding system becomes much convenient and accurate than using stored file cards or log books. In addition, previous biopsy records of the patient are automatically searched during the routine work so that understanding of a patient as a whole is possible through the informations about previous pathologic diagnosis. We confirm that automatic coding methods is the most practical and economic method for computerization of the surgical pathology records.
Biopsy

We reviewed a total of 36 cases of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors during a period of ten and a half years at Seoul National University Hospital, looking at their histologic and ultrastructural features, as well as immunohistochemical results, then we correlated these with location. The primary sites of carcinoid tumors were rectum(39%), stomach(25%), appendix(22%), small intestine(8%) and colon(6%), in order of frequency. The predominant histologic types by organ were mixed and solid(A) types in all location, the solid type(type A) in the stomach, and tubular type(type C) in the rectum. Six out of 8 cases of appendiceal carcinoid were type A and the other two cases were mucinous carcinoid. Tubular adenoma or adenocarcinoma was associated with 36% of the rectal carcinoids, with one case of carcinoid in the small intestine, and one(11%) of the gastric carcinoids was found near an adenocarcinoma. Metastasis was found in one case of ileal carcinoid(100%), one case of cecal carcinoid, 3 of gastric carcinoid(33%) and 2 of rectal carcinoid(14%). Primary tumor size ranged from 1 to 7 cm. Tumor necrosis and endolymphatic tumor emboli were found in 57% and 43% of the metastatic carcinoids, respectively. PCNA index showed a borderline significant difference between metastatic and nonmetastatic groups(P value=0.063). The low prevalence of appendiceal carcinoid and the relatively high prevalence of gastric-rectal carcinoid may reflect a low chance of incidental appendectomy and frequent detection of gastrointestinal endoscopy.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Pseudolipomatosis of the colonic mucosa has been recognized as a lesion featured with aggregations of gaseous spaces in the lamina propria, but its pathogenesis remains still unclear. This paper describes 6 cases of pseudolipomatosis occurring in the mucosa of stomach and large intestine, and the possible factors involved in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure to produce gaseous entrapment in the lamina propria were analysed. All cases received either gastroscopy or colonoscpy before endoscopic biopsy. Mucosal tissues from both stomach and recto-sigmoid colon revealed multiple aggregations of small air-spaces resembling fatty infiltration in the lamina propria. Rarely were similar infiltrations within the muscularis mucosae and adjacent lymphoid follicles. Evidence for pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis or ulcerative colonic lesion was not associated, although one showed a small gastric ulcer nearby. Repeated inflations and deflations of the stomach or colon during the endoscopic procedure with miner mechanical trauma by instrument to the mucosa seem to contribute to its pathogenesis.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (C.A.A) is characterized by the extracellular amyloid protein deposition in the vessel walls of the brain and meninges. It has been estimated to account for 5 to 10% of all primary, nontraumatic brain hemorrhage. We report two cases of C.A.A causing nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in the frontal lobe. The first case was a 60-year-old female who was admitted for the left hemiplegia and dysarthralgia. Brain CT revealed right frontal lobe hemorrhage. The second case was a 72-year-old male who was admitted for amnesia and gait disturbance. Clinical impression was Alzheimer's disease. Brain MRI revealed multifocal small hemorrhage in the right frontal lobe. Microscopically, both cases showed dilated small arteries of superficial cortex and meninges with hyalinization. Some vessels showed microaneurysm and fibriniod necrosis. Congo-red stain also exhibited birefringence under polarized light. There was no evidence of Alzheimer's disease.
Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; Amnesia ; Amyloid ; Arteries ; Birefringence ; Brain ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Female ; Frontal Lobe ; Gait ; Hemiplegia ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Meninges ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis