1.Study on the nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers in a hospital in Shaanxi Province
ZHENG Gezhi ; DU Juan ; WEN Juan ; ZHANG Liang ; HE Yingli
China Tropical Medicine 2023;23(9):954-
Abstract: Objective To determine the rate of nasal carriage Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers in Department of Infectious Diseases department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Hospital, and to perform characterization on isolated strains. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 86 healthcare workers from February 2022 to June. Nasal swabs were collected from the healthcare workers, and S. aureus were identified after incubation. Antibiotic susceptibility, including chlorhexidine and mupirocin, was assessed by disk diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration method. The PCR technique was used to detect the biocide resistance genes (qacAB, smr, lmrS mepA, and sepA), virulence genes (pvl, fnbA/fnbB, sea, seb, sec, sed, tst, eta, etb) and mecA gene. SCCmec typing and multilocus sequence typing was performed. For mupirocin-resistant strains, PCR amplification and sequencing were used to identify whether the strains had ileS gene mutations or carried resistant genes (mupA and mupB). Results S. aureus was isolated from 37 of the 86 healthcare workers (43.02%) , including 13 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The strains showed low resistance rates to levofloxacin (2.70%, 1/37), chloramphenicol (8.11%, 3/37), tetracycline (8.11%, 3/37), gentamicin (10.81%, 4/37), and ciprofloxacin (10.81%, 4/37). A total of 17 strains were identified as multidrug-resistant strains. Four SCCmec types were identified in MRSA strains, with the type II being the most frequent (53.85%, 7/13), followed by type IV (30.77%, 4/13). ST59 (46.15%, 6/13) was the most frequent among MRSA strains, while ST5 (41.67%, 10/24) was the most frequent among methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains. sea was the most frequent virulence gene (56.76%, 21/37). sepA and mepA were detected in all 37 isolates. One Staphylococcus aureus strain was not sensitive to chlorhexidine, two strains had the missense mutation V588F (G1762T) and showed low level resistance to mupirocin, and one strain carrying mupA gene was highly resistant to mupirocin. Conclusion The nasal colonization rate of Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare worker in the investigated hospital was high, indicating a risk for nosocomial infections. Strengthened monitoring and decolonization treatment should be carried out to reduce these risks.
2.Tuina treatment for children and adults with functional dyspepsia:a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Zijing TAO ; Zeng CAO ; Qian LIU ; Xiaoying LUO ; Gezhi ZHANG ; Shuangshuang FANG ; Sijing DU ; Yang YANG ; Wei WEI
Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science 2023;21(5):413-426
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)in the treatment of functional dyspepsia(FD)in children and adults. Methods:Related articles in PubMed,Excerpta Medica Database(EMBASE),Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China Biology Medicine Disc(CBM),Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database(Wanfang),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Chongqing VIP Database(CQVIP)were collected.The retrieval time was from each database's start to March 2022.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.A meta-analysis was then performed using the RevMan 5.4 software. Results:A total of 19 clinical trials were included,9 of which encompassed studies on adults while 10 were on children with FD,comprising a total of 1961 patients.The findings of the meta-analysis showed that the effective rate of FD in children and adults treated with Tuina was significantly higher than that in the control group[risk ratio(RR)=1.15,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.09,1.21),P<0.001],[RR=1.13,95%CI(1.06,1.21),P<0.001].In addition,the effective rate of FD in children and adults treated with Tuina combined with other treatments was significantly higher than that in the control group[RR=1.14,95%CI(1.07,1.21),P<0.001],[RR=1.12,95%CI(1.02,1.24),P=0.02].In terms of single symptoms,Tuina improved epigastric burning sensation score in adults[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.41;95%CI(-0.79,-0.02);Z=2.08;P=0.04]compared with that of the Western medicine group.Compared with children treated with oral Chinese medications(CM)or Chinese patent medicine(CPM),children with FD demonstrated lower scores of epigastric pain[SMD=-0.38,95%CI(-0.56,-0.19);Z=3.96;P<0.001],postprandial fullness[SMD=-0.30,95%CI(-0.50,-0.10);Z=2.88;P=0.004],and early satiety[SMD=-0.26,95%CI(-0.47,-0.06);Z=2.54;P=0.01]after receiving Tuina combined with CM or CPM treatment.No adverse events were reported in the Tuina treatment group,and the follow-up indicated that the symptom scores in the Tuina group improved. Conclusion:Compared with the control group,both Tuina and Tuina combined with other treatments are shown to have better effective rates,lower incidence of adverse events,and better follow-up outcomes.The study results suggest that Tuina may be a clinically viable complementary therapy.However,due to limitations in the number and quality of the included studies,the above conclusions should be verified by further high-quality studies.
3.Progress in research on pathogenic genes of retinitis pigmentosa
Fengjuan GAO ; Shenghai ZHANG ; Fangyuan HU ; Ping XU ; Jihong WU ; Gezhi XU
Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases 2018;34(6):605-608
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of hereditary blinding fundus diseases caused by abnormalities in photoreceptors of the retina.RP is highly heterogeneous in hereditary and cdinical phenotypes.It can be divided into simple type RP and syndrome type RP.The main inheritance patterns are autosomal dominant,autosomal recessive inheritance and X-linked inheritance.With the popularization and clinical application of gene sequencing technology,more and more disease-causing genes have been discovered,and these genes are mainly expressed in photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelial cell.ln-depth understanding of RP pathogenic genes not only provides a theoretical basis for RP diagnosis and genetic counseling,but also provides guidance for RP gene therapy.
4.The diagnosis and treatment of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: 10 years of experience
Tingting JIANG ; Ruiwen LI ; Shixue LIU ; Junxiang GU ; Wenwen CHEN ; Ting ZHANG ; Xin HUANG ; Gezhi XU ; Qing CHANG
Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases 2022;38(5):376-381
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) diagnosed and treated in our hospital during the past 10 years.Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From 2011 to 2021, 126 eyes of 67 patients with PVRL who were diagnosed and treated in Department of Ophthalmology, Eye-ENT Hospital, Fudan University were included in the study. Among them, there were 23 males (34.3%, 23/67) and 44 females (65.7%, 44/67); the average age was 57.1 years. There were 59 cases with both eyes (88.1%, 59/67) and 8 cases with one eye (11.9%, 8/67). At the initial eye diagnosis, 22 cases had a clear history of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL); 5 cases were found to have intracranial lesions by head imaging examination; 40 cases had no central nervous system involvement. Twenty cases were treated with glucocorticoids due to misdiagnosed uveitis. All patients received intravitreal injection of methotrexate (IVM) treatment. The treatment regimen was twice a week in the induction period for 2 weeks, once a week in the consolidation period for 1 month, and once a month in the maintenance period. Patients with PCNSL or both eyes received concurrent systemic chemotherapy (chemotherapy), and some in combination with radiation therapy to the brain (radiotherapy). The mean follow-up time was 39.3 months. The clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The visual acuity before and after treatment was compared by t test. Results:Among the 22 cases with a clear history of PCNSL at the initial eye diagnosis, the average time from intracranial diagnosis to eye diagnosis was 22.9 months. Among the 40 cases without central nervous system involvement at first, 14 cases (20.9%, 14/67) developed central nervous system lesions during follow-up period. The mean time from ocular diagnosis to intracranial diagnosis was 9.9 months. Among the 126 eyes, 42 eyes (33.3%, 42/126) had anterior segment inflammation. vitreous inflammation type, retinal type, and vitreous retinal type were 58 (46.0%, 58/126), 7 (5.6%, 7/126), and 61 (48.4%, 61/126) eyes, and 9 of them (7.1%, 9/126) had optic nerve involvement at the same time. Patients received an average of 12 IVM treatments. IVM combined with systemic chemotherapy in 59 cases (88.1%, 59/67), of which 16 cases were combined with brain radiotherapy. All patients achieved complete remission after completing the treatment cycle (100.0%, 67/67). After treatment, 21 eyes (16.7%, 21/126) had ocular recurrence; 22 (32.8%, 22/67) had intracranial recurrence; 8 cases (11.9%, 8/67) died. The mean progression-free survival of patients was 23.7 months; the mean survival time was 43.6 months; the 5-year overall survival rate was 72.5%.Conclusions:The manifestations of PVRL are complex and diverse, and most of them are accompanied by involvement of the central nervous system. It can be divided into vitreitis type, retinal type and vitreoretinal type, and the optic nerve can be involved at the same time; IVM combined with systemic treatment can completely relieve the disease.
5.The progress in treatment of type 1 of Stargardt disease
Dandan WANG ; Fengjuan GAO ; Shenghai ZHANG ; Qing CHANG ; Gezhi XU ; Jihong WU
Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases 2021;37(7):567-572
Stargardt disease (STGD) is one of the most prevalent inherited macular dystrophy, and most often occurs in child or adolescence. Irreversible vision loss is observed in almost all cases. Type 1 (STGD1) is one of the most common type. It is an autosomal recessive condition, caused by mutations in the Abca4 gene. In recent years, encouraging progress has been made in the treatment of STGD1. C20-D3-retinyl acetate (ALK- 001), fenretinide and ICR-14967 (A1120) as visual cycle modulators, StarGen as gene supplementation therapies, and the stem cell transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium cells are the most promising therapies. With the development of studies and clinical trials, the clinical application of various treatments of STGD1 are expected in the near feature, which are expected to save the vision of most patients.
6. Protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on light-damaged retinal pigment epithelial cells
Hong ZHUANG ; Rong ZHANG ; Qinmeng SHU ; Shujie ZHANG ; Gezhi XU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Ophthalmology 2019;37(11):863-869
Objective:
To investigate the protective effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) on light-damaged retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells
7.Effect of Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu Prescription on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function in Mice with Ulcerative Colitis
Xiaolan SU ; Lin WANG ; Tao ZHANG ; Xiangli QING ; Gezhi ZHANG ; Mengxi YAO ; Wei WEI
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2022;28(22):68-75
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription on mice with ulcerative colitis (UC) based on the change of the intestinal mucosal barrier function. MethodSix of thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were randomly selected as the normal group. The remaining mice were free to drink 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution for 7 days to prepare UC model mice. After modeling, they were randomly divided into model group, mesalazine group, and Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription high-, medium- and low-dose groups, 6 in each group. Mesalazine group was given 0.52 g·kg-1·d-1 suspension (ig). Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription high-, medium- and low-dose groups were given 3.38, 1.69, 0.845 g·kg-1·d-1 suspension, respectively (ig). The normal group and the model group were treated with an equal volume of purified water for 10 days (ig). After intervention, the general condition, body weight, disease activity index (DAI) score, and colon length of the 6 groups of mice were compared. The colon tissue was stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for pathological analysis, and the expression of Ki67 in colon tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cleaved cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3 (Caspase-3) and Caspase-3 in colon tissue. ResultCompared with the model group, the mesalazine group and the Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription high- and medium-dose groups alleviated the diarrhea, blood in the stool, weight loss, and other symptoms in UC mice, reduced the DAI score (P<0.05), and restored the colon shape (P<0.05). The colonic mucosal defect and inflammatory cell infiltration were improved in the mesalazine group and the Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription high- and medium-dose groups,and there were more intact crypt stem cells. Western blot showed that the protein expression of MMP-9 and cleaved Caspase-3 in the mesalazine group and the Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription high-dose group was lower than that in the model group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the groups. The expression of Caspase-3 in the Qingre Huashi Tiaoshu high-dose prescription group was decreased compared with the condition in the model group (P<0.05). ConclusionQingre Huashi Tiaoshu prescription could effectively relieve DSS-induced UC, and its mechanism of action might be related to regulating the expression of MMP-9, cleaved Caspase-3, and Caspase-3, and promoting the repair of intestinal mucosal barrier.
8.The combined therapeutic effects of iodine-labeled multifunctional copper sulfide-loaded microspheres in treating breast cancer.
Qiufang LIU ; Yuyi QIAN ; Panli LI ; Sihang ZHANG ; Zerong WANG ; Jianjun LIU ; Xiaoguang SUN ; Michael FULHAM ; Dagan FENG ; Zhigang CHEN ; Shaoli SONG ; Wei LU ; Gang HUANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018;8(3):371-380
Compared to conventional cancer treatment, combination therapy based on well-designed nanoscale platforms may offer an opportunity to eliminate tumors and reduce recurrence and metastasis. In this study, we prepared multifunctional microspheres loading I-labeled hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles and paclitaxel (I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX) for imaging and therapeutics of W256/B breast tumors in rats. F-fluordeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging detected that the expansion of the tumor volume was delayed (<0.05) following intra-tumoral (i.t.) injection with I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX plus near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. The immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the anti-tumor effect. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/photoacoustic imaging mediated by I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX demonstrated that microspheres were mainly distributed in the tumors with a relatively low distribution in other organs. Our results revealed that I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX offered combined photothermal, chemo- and radio-therapies, eliminating tumors at a relatively low dose, as well as allowing SPECT/CT and photoacoustic imaging monitoring of distribution of the injected agents non-invasively. The copper sulfide-loaded microspheres, I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX, can serve as a versatile theranostic agent in an orthotopic breast cancer model.