No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

To know the efficacy of intravenous gammaglobulin(IVGG) treatment and the resulting outcome at 18 months for acute Guillain-Barr syndrome (GBS) in children, clinical courses of 27 GBS patients who had been treated with IVGG in a dose of 1g/kg/day oyer 2 consecutive days were investigated. One died with respiratory failure and 8 patients received assisted ventilatory care with improvement. All consecutively treated patients responded well to IVGG. The mean plateau period in 26 recovered patients was 8.5 days. At the 6th month evaluation, only one failed to reach grade 2 on GBSSG scales. At the 18th month evaluation, minor motor symptoms such as easy fatigability or mild tremor on writing were remained in 9 patients. 9 patients showed mild to moderate febrile response to IVGG infusion, but no significant side effects were noted. IVGG can be chosen as an initial treatment for acute GBS in children because of its rapid effect, relative safety even in unstable patients and convenience of administration.
Child* ; Humans ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Tremor ; Weights and Measures ; Writing

PURPOSE: Cerebral cortical dysplasias are one of the important causes for epileptic seizures and developmental disabilities in children, particularly in diffuse or bilateral cases. These developmental malformations are generally regarded as a group of neuronal migration disorders, however, the classification system and pathogenetic mechanisms of cortical dysplasias are not yet entirely clear. Even a novel entity, congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome, characterized by speech delay, pseudobulbar Palsy, intractable seizures, and bilateral perisylvian abnormalities on imaging studies, have rather diverse figures on morphology and symptomatology than initially considered. We have studied the clinical features and correlations of clinical outcomes 3nd magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) findings of bilaterally involved cortical dysplasias. METHODS: 20 cases of bilateral cortical dyspalsias were grouped into three categories on the basis of MRI findings; centroparietal dysplasias(6 cases), diffuse dysplasias with (5) or without white matter lesions(4), and schizencephaly(5). EEGs, motor and language development, epilepsy, and outcomes were reviewed in each groups. RESULTS: Language delay(100%), motor developmental delay(94.7%), motor deficit(65%), epilepsy(40%) were the main reasons for their initial hospital visits. A meaningful word expression was possible at the mean age of 2 years and 2 months(1 to 4 years of age). Hypotonia and spastic motor paralysis were evident in all the cases of diffuse dysplasia with white matter lesions and the schizencephaly groups. All but one case of centroparietal dysplasia showed motor developmental delay. Epilepsies were developed in 8 cases at the mean age of 5 years and 5 months(2 months to 12 years of age) and the seizures were relatively well controlled with anticonvulsants. EEG findings were variable; normal, focal or diffuse abnormalities. High amplitude diffuse fast activities were only noted in the diffuse dysplasia group. CONCLUSION: The severity of neurological deficits and developmental delay had correlated to the size of cortical abnormalities. The epilepsies were relatively well controlled during childhood and the EEG finding of high amplitude diffuse fast activities was specific for the diffuse cortical dysplasias. Bilateral centroparietal dysplasias should be included on consideration of the causes for developmental aphasia.
Anticonvulsants ; Aphasia ; Child ; Classification ; Developmental Disabilities ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Humans ; Language Development ; Language Development Disorders ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Malformations of Cortical Development* ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neuronal Migration Disorders ; Paralysis ; Pseudobulbar Palsy ; Seizures

PURPOSE: This study aims to examine the levels of the perception and work performance of patient safety based on the healthcare accreditation criteria among long-term care hospital nurses. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed using questionnaires. Out of 205 criteria, 39 items relevant to patient safety were selectively adapted for this study. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The mean scores of perception and work performance were 4.36 and 4.24 out of 5, respectively, and the difference between them was significantly different (t=5.78, P<.001). The two variables were both significantly higher among those nurses who were older, married, head nurses, had many nursing experiences, and aware of Healthcare Accreditation than the other nurses. Positive correlations were observed between perception and work performance in all three sub-systems. The relations between these two in the patient care system was the most highly correlated (r=.894, P<.001). The lowest scores of perception and work performances were fire-related criteria (i.e., reporting). CONCLUSION: Overall, subject's perception proves to be higher than their work performance. It is necessary to develop some viable environment and training programs to enhance their work performance up to the level of their perception of patient safety.
Accreditation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Humans ; Long-Term Care* ; Nursing ; Nursing, Supervisory ; Patient Care ; Patient Safety* ; Work Performance*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to examine the differences in organizational commitment, nursing organization culture, and job satisfaction of Korean nurses employed in Korea and the United States, and to determine how these variables were associated with selected study characteristics. METHODS: An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed with a convenience sample of 357 nurses from Korea and the U.S. Data were collected by using a web site survey and self-reported questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used for data analysis. RESULTS: In comparison to Korean American nurses (KAN), Korean nurses (KN) were younger, single, worked more time, took a charge role or higher, and had less turnover experience. After controlling for age and marital status, nursing organization culture and job satisfaction of KN were significantly lower than those of KAN, respectively (F= -26.02, p<.001; F= -4.87, p=.028). Significant relationships among selected socio-demo-health and work-related characteristics and the three variables were higher for KN. CONCLUSION: Higher organizational commitment and nursing organization culture from all Korean nurses were related their perceived high level of job satisfaction. Recommendations for further study include exploring a larger sample size of a variety of different types of nursing organizations and staff as well.
Asian Americans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction* ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sample Size ; Statistics as Topic ; United States

Hypertensive encephalopathy is characterized by an acute, severe rise in blood pressure associated with headache, nausea, vomiting, altered mental status, and focal neurologic deficits, and rapid improvement after control of blood pressure. An eight-year old boy had been admitted with symptoms of red urine, fever, headache, convulsion, and visual blurring of vision. Blood pressure was 140/90mmHg, and CSF exam revealed WBC 8/mm3, glucose 83mg/dL, protein 106mg/dL. Serum C3 was 8mg/dL, C4 17mg/dL, ASO 1,024 Todd units. Brain CT showed non specific findings, however, MRI revealed symmetric high signal intensity lesions on T2WI over the parieto-occipital areas bilaterally. These lesions had been completely resolved on the following MRI 4 weeks later.
Blood Pressure ; Brain* ; Fever ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Glucose ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertensive Encephalopathy* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Nausea ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Seizures ; Vomiting

No abstract available.

This study was conducted to evaluate the postnatal changes of serum creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzymes in normal and asphyxiated newborns. In normal newborns total CK, CK-MM and CK-MB reached a plateau between 2 and 24 hr after birth whereas the serum CK-BB remained stable after birth. CK-MM, CK-MB and CK-BB respectivily composed 90~94%, 5~7% and 1~5% of total CK during study period. In asphyxiated newborns total CK, CK-MM and CK-MB reached maximal value at 12 hr after birth whereas CK-BB decreased after birth. There were no significant differences between normal and asphyxiated newborns in total CK, CK-MM and CK-MB during study period (up to 24 hrs after birth). But CK-BB of asphyxiated newborn was elevated significantly (p<0.05) within 6 hrs after birth compared to normal newborns. There were no significant differences of CK and its isoenzymes between patients evaluated by 5 min Apgar scores(0~3, 4~6 and 7~10) or degree of HIE (HIE stage 0~I, II and III). According to these results, the serum CK-BB is elevated in asphyxiated newborns during 1st 6hrs after birth but has no predictive values of the extent of cerebral damage.
Creatine Kinase* ; Creatine* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Isoenzymes ; Parturition

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer, but it rarely metastasizes. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma (MBCC) is rare in terms of incidence as well as absolute numbers. We present a case of 67-year-old woman who had a dirty oozing, ulcerated, tumor mass on the vertex and suffered from dyspnea and mild lumbago. The diagnosis of MBCC was based on clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings. To our knowledge, the occurrence of MBCC has not been reported in the Korean literatures. So we reported herein this case of MBCC of the lung and the bone.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Low Back Pain ; Lung ; Skin Neoplasms ; Ulcer

No abstract available.