Polyvesicular vitelline tumor of the ovary is an extremely rare variant of yolk sac tumor. We present a case of pure polyvesicular vitelline tumor in a 43-year-old woman. Light microscopy revealed a predominantly polyvesicular pattern embedded in mesoblastic stroma with the cysts showing two type of lining; tall columnar and cuboidal, or mesothelioid cells. The lining atypical cells showed occasional mitoses and intracytoplasmic PAS positive hyaline globules. In some areas, the cystic space contained a large amount of intraluminal hyaline material. Immunohistochemically, alpha- fetoprotein and alpha-1-antitrypsin were detected as a fine granular deposit in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells and hyaline globules. Electron microscopically, marked specialization of the vesicular lining cells suggested a differentiation toward gut structures and mature yolk sac.
Adult ; Cytoplasm ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Fetal Proteins ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Microscopy ; Mitosis ; Ovary* ; Vitellins* ; Yolk Sac

Polyvesicular vitelline tumor of the ovary is an extremely rare variant of yolk sac tumor. We present a case of pure polyvesicular vitelline tumor in a 43-year-old woman. Light microscopy revealed a predominantly polyvesicular pattern embedded in mesoblastic stroma with the cysts showing two type of lining; tall columnar and cuboidal, or mesothelioid cells. The lining atypical cells showed occasional mitoses and intracytoplasmic PAS positive hyaline globules. In some areas, the cystic space contained a large amount of intraluminal hyaline material. Immunohistochemically, alpha- fetoprotein and alpha-1-antitrypsin were detected as a fine granular deposit in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells and hyaline globules. Electron microscopically, marked specialization of the vesicular lining cells suggested a differentiation toward gut structures and mature yolk sac.
Adult ; Cytoplasm ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Fetal Proteins ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Microscopy ; Mitosis ; Ovary* ; Vitellins* ; Yolk Sac

We report an autopsy of a male fetus that showed multiple congenital anomalies that could best be designated as Meckel-Gruber syndrome. The fetus was born dead at the gestational age of 38 weeks. His parents denied any history of congenital malformation. And the parity of the mother was 0-0-0-0, but she had the past history of receiving herb medication for common cold. The congenital anomalies found in this case consited of occipital meningoencephalocele, midline cleft palate, bifid epiglottis, hepatic fibrosis, choledochal cyst, bilateral polycystic kidneys, postaxial polydactyly of both hands and feet, aplasia of the left testis, secundum type atrial septal defect and patent ductus arterious. This malformation syndrome is rare and lethal. The prenatal diagnosis should be made by ultrasound study or analysis of the amniotic fluid for alpha-feto protein during intrauterine period. The kidneys showed Potter type III cystic change and there was a characteristic hepatic fibrosis.
Male ; Humans

PURPOSE: The CD5 molecules of mice (Ly-1) and humans (T1) are pan-T cell antigens and are also found on a minor subpopulation of B cells. Cl)5+ B cells constitute a large fraction of the B cells early in development and in neonate. There are many reports about the production and mRNA expression of CD5+ B cells and in this study CD5 mRNA expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was examined in neonate and compared with those in normal children and childrens of acute febrile diseases. METHODS: Ten normal neonate(mean age, 1.2 days), ten children of acute febrile disease (mean age, 8.5 months) and ten nomal children (mean age 9 months) were studied. One mililiter of venous blood was drawn and immunophenotypes were determined using FACS (fluorescent activated cell sortor) with FITC-conjugated anti-CD5 and PE-conjugated anti-CD 19. PBMC was separated and CD5 mRNA expression was examined in these groups. RESULTS: 1) From the analysis using FACS, there was no significant difference for the CD5+ 1' cell fractions in white blood cells among neonates(78.52+13.98 %), acute febrile infectious disease controls (l0.86 + 5.56 %) and normal controls (73.53 + 4.62 %) (p>0.05). 2) The fractions of CD5+ H cell in B cells were markedly high in neonate (65.18+ 13.67 %) as compared to that in children of acute febrile disease controls (27.14+5.96 %) and normal controls (20.04+5.92 %) (p<0.001). 3) CD5 mRNA expression was detected only in neonate and not in children of acute febrile disease controls or normal controls. CONCLUSIONS: Neonate has a large fraction of CD5+ B cells in total H cells as compared to that of children of acute febrile diseases or normal controls. PHMC of neonate normally expressed CD5 mRNA but that of acute febrile group or normal control group did not. Further study about the roles and meanings of CD5 mRNA expression may be needed.
Animals ; Antigens, CD5 ; B-Lymphocytes ; Child ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Leukocytes ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger*

Neoplasms showing both carcinomatous and sarcomatous features are well established, and have been reported in practically every organ where carcinoma can occur. But the difference in terminology and difficulties in histopathologic interpretation have hampered adequate understanding of these neoplasms. We report a case of carcinosarcoma in the recurrent form of serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. The patient was a 64-year-old female who underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingoophorectomy three years ago, due to perforated papillary serous cysta denocarcinoma of the right ovary. Recurrent pelvic masses contained both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Morphological transition between carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, and epithelial characteristics in the sarcomatous component by immunohistochemistry were recognized. We postulate the histopathogenetic mechanism based on the phenotypic conversion of carcinoma into sarcoma in the carcinosarcoma.
Carcinosarcoma* ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Ovary* ; Sarcoma

A case of an ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with mural nodules of anaplastic carcinoma is reported. The patient was a 46-year-old female with a right ovarian cystic mass and underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The patient died of the disease in five months. Macroscopically, the right ovarian cyst wall contained numerous well-demarcated mural nodules. Histologically, the cysts were mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and the nodules were composed of sarcoma-like spindle and polygonal cells with atypia and numerous mitoses. Spindle cells in the mural nodule showed epithelial characteristics by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. This case supports an epithelial origin of the mural nodule of anaplastic carcinoma in ovarian mucinous tumors.
Carcinoma* ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Mitosis ; Mucins* ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovary

Menetrier's disease is characterized by enlarged gastric folds with foveolar hyperplasia and cystic dilatation of gastric glands. The additional biochemical features of hypoproteinemia, hypochlorhydria, and increased gastric mucus are often encountered. The pathogenesis and etiologic factors have not been clearly defined. In this report, we present two cases of Menetrier's disease in the stomach, one occurring in a 38-year-old male, associated with massive hematemesis, and the other in a 39-year-old male. Grossly, both cases showed marked giant gastric rugal folds resembling cerebral convolutions, sparing the antral portion. Microscopically, the giant gastric rugal folds consisted of the striking foveolar hyperplasia accompanied by an occasional presence of the smooth muscle fibers from the muscularis mucosa. The immunohistochemical stain revealed an intense positive reaction for transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in the majority of mucous cells throughout the gastric mucosa and parietal cells, but did not reveal for epidermal growth factor (EGF). We suggested that TGF-alpha and EGF-R might be involved in the pathogenesis of Menetrier's disese.
Achlorhydria ; Adult ; Dilatation ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Gastric Mucosa ; Gastritis, Hypertrophic* ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Hypoproteinemia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Mucus ; Muscle, Smooth ; Rabeprazole ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Stomach ; Strikes, Employee ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha

The acute peripheral neuropathy as one of hypereosinophilic syndrome is known to be a rare disorder. The authors experienced a dramatic case with acute peripheral neuropathy, hypereosinophilia in peripheral blood, and the positive anti-GM1 antibodies. The serum protein electrophoresis showed a diffusely increased gamma-globulin region and the polyclonal gammopathy was found by the immunoelectropheresis. There was no evidence of inflammatory myopathy in vastus lateralis muscle. The sural nerve biopsy was compatible with vascular neuropathy, as there were a few myelin digestion chambers, mild perineuronal fibrosis, and perivascular lymphoplasmocytic infiltration with focal organizing thrombosis. The clinical response to prednisone therapy was excellent.
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Antibodies/*blood ; G(M1) Ganglioside/*immunology ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/*complications/immunology ; Male ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/*etiology

Recent investigations have revealed that autocrine growth factors and their receptors are closely related and play an important role in controlling cancer cell growth. We performed an immunohistochemical study on the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), c-erbB-2, and PCNA labelling index in 60 cases of human gastric carcinomas. TGF-alpha was detected in 38 cases (63.3%), EGF in 26 cases (43.3%), EGF-R in 44 cases (73.3%), and c-erbB-2 in 18 cases (30%). These growth factors, EGF-R and c-erbB-2, were found more often in advanced gastric cancers. The PCNA labeling index was significantly higher in tumors with the expression of EGF-R or c-erbB-2. Tumors with simultaneous expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, EGF-R and c-erbB-2 was associated with a high PCNA labeling index. A correlation was observed between the synchronous expression of growth factors and its receptors and histological differentiation. The results suggest that the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, EGF-R and c-erbB-2 are closely related and plays an important role in the growth and progression of human gastric carcinoma.
Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Peptides* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha

It is known that in myasthenia gravis(MG) the plasmapheresis therapy removes the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies and other toxins in the serum to cause clinical improvement temporarily. To know the effects of plasmapheresis on AChR antibody and clinical courses the authors checked serially the AChR antibody titers and clinical stages in myasthenia gravis. The plasmapheresis were performed for the therapeutic purposes in seven and elective purposes in three MG subjects. After two, three or four cycles of plasmapheresis, the myasthenic symptoms have dramatically improved in all subjects. However the AChR antibody titers decreased in only four out of ten and the decremental ratio in each case uas rather smaller than being expected. Thus the effects of plasmapheresis could not be explained solely by the decreasing phenomena of AChR antibody titers in MG subjects. Therefore the authors assumed that the clinical severities of MG could be correlated with other types of AChR antibodies that are not checked by the routine @-bungarotoxin binding technique, or the AChR antibodies are secondarily produced in large amount by the mechanism of rebound enhancing activity.
Acetylcholine* ; Antibodies ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Plasmapheresis*