BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux is common in infants. The incidence of reflux in preterm infant has been reported to be higher than in fullterm infant. We perform this study to evaiuate the gastroesophageal reflux in preterm infant and fullterm infant. METHOD: A continuous 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring was performed in 28 asymptomatic infant(16 preterm infants and 12 fullterm infants). Four parameters(reflux index, number of reflux episodes in 24 hours, number of reflux episodesp 5 minutes in 24 hours, and duration of the longest reflux episode) were analyzed by gestation and birth weight. RESULT: All four parameters were not different in the low birth weight infant group(birth weight<2,500gm) compaired with infant of birth weight> or =2,500gm. In preterm infant group, mean reflux index was 3.08+/-6.84%; number of reflux episodes in 24 hours was 85.94+/-145.99; number of reflux episodes longer than 5 minutes was 0.38+/-0.72; and duration of the longest reflux episode was 3.69+/-4.88 minutes. In fullterm infant group, mean reflux index was 9.42+/-8.98%; number of reflux episodes in 24 hours was 190.58+/-158.27; number of reflux episodes longer than 5 minutes was 5.17+/-5.97; and duration of the longest reflux episode 16.58+/-15.41 minutes. Significant differences in reflux index, number of reflux episode longer than 5 minutes, and duration of the longest reflux episode were found between the preterm infant and fullterm infant. The number of reflux episodes in 24 hours was not different between preterm and fullterm infants. CONCLUSION: In continuous 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring, gastroesophageal reflux was more common in fullterm infant than preterm infant.
Birth Weight ; Esophageal pH Monitoring ; Gastroesophageal Reflux* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Parturition ; Pregnancy

Parapelvic renal cyst, also designated as pericalyceal lymphangiectasis, is an unusual lesion that is usually brought to light during surgery for ureteropelvic junction obstruction or recurrent pyelonephritis. Grossly, the renal pelvis is enveloped by a multilocular cystic mass filled with clear fluid. This lesion is confined to the peripelvic tissues and does not extend into the parenchyma, which, however, may show the effects of hydronephrosis or pyelonephritis. A 50-year-old man presented with hydronephrosis. An ultrasonography revealed hydronephro-sis of the left kidney. Intravenous pyelography and DMSA ("Tc-Dimercaptosuccinic acid) scan showed nonfunctioning kidney of the same side. Simple left nephrectomy was done. The renal pelvis was mildly dilated and a cyst was found buldging into the renal pelvis. The content was watery clear and the cyst was not connected to the renal pelvis or calyces. The cyst was round unilocular and lined by attenuated single layer of endothelial cells. The endothelial cells showed no reactivity to factor-VIII related antigen. With these findings, we concluded that this cystic lesion is basically lymphatic cyst and hydronephrosis was caused by the compression of pelvic out-flow of the kidney.
Male ; Humans ; Cysts

No abstract available.
Skin*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin*

PURPOSE: Improving productivity in nursing practice is an important issue. This study investigated factors affecting nursing productivity of Korean clinical nurses. METHODS: A structured survey tool was used in a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 239 nurses working in university hospitals. Stepwise multiple regressions were done to identify influential factors. RESULTS: The level of nursing productivity was at a moderate level (3.3 out of 5). Those nurses who were over 36, married, over master-graduated, regularly employed, on day duty, and with experiences as a charge or head nurse reported better achievements in nursing productivity than the other groups of nurses. All three independent variables, age, and employment status explained 55.4% of the variance in nursing productivity. CONCLUSION: The leaders and managers of nursing organizations should develop educational programs aimed at increasing nurses' competencies in relation to emotion controls and communication skills, which consequently should improve nursing productivity.
Efficiency ; Emotional Intelligence ; Employment ; Hospitals, University ; Nursing ; Nursing, Supervisory

Eighty-two strains of Escherichia coli isolated from urine specimens in Pusan University Hospital, were serotyped and analyzed for plasmid DNA profiles, PFGE profiles, MRHA of human blood cells, HEp-2 cell adherence ability and reactivity to bfpA, LT, STh and STp DNA probes. The following results were obtained. Fifty-three of the eighty-two strains belonged to thirteen different 0 serotypes, twenty-nine strains could not be typed with the antisera used. Thirty strains (43.9%) were hemolysin producer. MRHA is present on twenty-nine strains (35.37%) of eighty-two strains. MRHA positive strains carry a plasmid of 60MDa, a putative factor involved in adherence. This plasmid might be specific for MRHA positive strains. MRHA positive strains were observed in serotype 01, 018, 055, 086a, 0119, 0126, and 0142. Twenty-six strains of E. coli showed three patterns of adherence to HEp-2 cells namely, localized, diffuse, and aggregative adhesion. Twenty-two strains hybridized with the bfpA probe, while all eighty-two strains did not hybridize with the probes, LT, STh, STp. The restriction fragment patterns of chromosomal DNA digested with AotI analysed by PFGE of hemolysin-producing E. coli ten strains were compared with eight different types. Three of E. coli serotype 01, 08 and 0126 showed the same chromosomal DNA fragment patterns.
Blood Cells ; Busan ; DNA ; DNA Probes ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Plasmids ; Serotyping*

The peripheral blood eosinophil and serum IgE level in 53 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) were measured. The patients were divided into 2 groups by severity(mild and severe grous) and into 3 groups by the associated respiratory atopic deseases and/or their family history : respiratory group(patient, with both AD and respiratory atopy), family history group (patient with both AD and family history of respiratory atopy), and atopic group(patient with neither respiratory atopy nor family history of respiratorv atopy). We designed to study which factors are important in the elevation of serum IgE and peripheral blood eosinophil level in AD, and to know possible relationships between the serum eosinophil and IgE level and the several groups of AD. The results are as follows : 1. Peripheral eosinophil counts were higher in severe group(224.8/mm) than in mild group (180.0/mm)(p<0.05). 2. Peripheral eosinophil counts were 220.0/mm in atopic group, l65.0/mm in family history group, and 332.4/mm in respiratory group, but there was no stitistically significant difference among 3 groups. This suggests that concomitant respiatitiry atopy or a family history of respiratory atopy is not an important factor in the elvation of peripheral blood eosinophil counts in AD. 3. Serum IgE was higher in severe group(443.2IU/ml) than in mild group(231.5IU/ml)(p<0.05). 4. Serum IgE level in respiratory group(754.6IU/ml) were signifiiantlly higher than in atopic (286.6IU/ml) or family history group(342.0IU/ml)(p<0,01). But there was no significant. difference between family and atopic group. This result suggests that concomittent respiratory atopy is a potential factor in elevation of serurn Igi in AD. 5. Slightly high correlation between peripheral blood and IgE level appeared in all 53 patients (r=0.434) and severe group(r=0.480). But, respiratory group(r=0.060), family history group(r=0.111) and atopic group(r=0.202) showed poor relationships.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Eosinophils* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E*

Meningioma of unusual age of onset, location, histogenesis and histologic type is reported. The patient, 4 year-old girl, had an intradural spinal meningioma arising from lumbar nerve root with no dural attachement. The meningioma revealed glycogen-rich, clear cell type with extensive and blocky hyalinization of the stroma. The tumor shared common fibrous sheath with attached lumbar nerve, and nerve fibers were scattered within the tumor. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had abundant glycogen particles, intermediate filaments and intercellular desmosomes. Hyalinized material revealed large amianthoid collagen fibers.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Meningioma

We report an unusual case of sebaceous hyperplasia in an 18-year-old male manifestated clinically as yellowish, grouped papules with a linear distribution, present on the right side of forehead since birth. Histopathologically, a large sebaceous gland composed of numerous lobules grouped around a centrally dilated duct was seen. The sebaceous lobules distributed in the upper dermis showed direct connection to the skin surface, which suggested a transepidermal elimination of sebaceous lobules.
Adolescent ; Dermis ; Forehead ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Male ; Parturition ; Sebaceous Glands ; Skin