Varicocele has been considered the most common identifiable cause of adult infertility. but little has been known on the significance of histology and volume according to the grade in adults with varicocele. Herein, we have assessed bilateral testicular size before surgical ligation and performed bilateral testicular biopsies at the time of surgical ligation. The volume of each testes in adults with varicocele was smaller than those of normal adults and it was statistically significant. The grades of varicocele did not have a significant effect on differential testicular volumes, although the volume of the left testis in adults with varicocele was always less than that of the right testis. Histologic changes were showed degeneration of germinal epithelium, focal tubular atrophy, and premature sloughing of germinal epithelium into the lumen of the tubules. Tubular thickening was seen in most or the cases. Spermatogenesis was generally reduced in patients with varicocele, but there was no difference between the right and left testis. There was no correlation between the grade of the varicocele and the reduction in spermatogenesis.
Adult* ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Infertility ; Ligation ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis ; Varicocele*

In 1883 Fournier, a French venereologist, described 5 patients with unexplained fulminating gangrene of the male genitalia. Fournier emphasized 3 characteristics 1) the abrupt onset in a young, healthy male subjects, 2) the rapid progression to gangrene and 3) the absence of a discernible cause. As currently used by many authors, Fournier's gangrene describes a widely destructive, gangrenous process of the genitalia, with little regard for Fournier's original tenets of patient's age or definable etiology. Early identification and prompt initiation of medical and surgical therapy is imperative. We report two cases of Fournier's gangrene with brief review of the literatures.
Fournier Gangrene* ; Gangrene ; Genitalia ; Genitalia, Male ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Candidiasis*

Fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter is a extremely rare benign tumor which is mesodermal origin. It should be suspected preoperatively in cases with a long history of loin pain or hematuria, or both, in a younger patient with the radiologic finding of long ureteric filling defect. Unfortunately. in the majority of cases reviewed. the diagnosis was not made preoperatively but the diagnostic confirmation was made intraoperatively or postoperatively. Herein, we report a case of fibroepithelial polyp or the ureter which was diagnosed preoperatively with ureteroscope. The management was local segmental excision and end-to-end anastomosis of the ureter.
Diagnosis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Polyps* ; Ureter* ; Ureteroscopes ; Ureteroscopy

Fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter is a extremely rare benign tumor which is mesodermal origin. It should be suspected preoperatively in cases with a long history of loin pain or hematuria, or both, in a younger patient with the radiologic finding of long ureteric filling defect. Unfortunately. in the majority of cases reviewed. the diagnosis was not made preoperatively but the diagnostic confirmation was made intraoperatively or postoperatively. Herein, we report a case of fibroepithelial polyp or the ureter which was diagnosed preoperatively with ureteroscope. The management was local segmental excision and end-to-end anastomosis of the ureter.
Diagnosis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Polyps* ; Ureter* ; Ureteroscopes ; Ureteroscopy

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Determining the depth of tumor invasion and the presence of regional lymph node metastasis is important in deciding therapeutic strategies. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of EUS in detecting the depth of tumor invasion and regional lymph node metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 141 consecutive patients underwent preoperative evaluation using EUS, CT, and PET CT from November 2005 to June 2009 in Pusan National University Hospital. We reviewed the patients' medical records and compared EUS and pathologic findings. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients were included in the final analysis. The overall accuracy of EUS in predicting the correct T stage was 79.7% (95% CI, 66.8~88.6%). EUS accurately predicted T stage in 93.2% (95% CI, 82.7~97.8%) of T1 tumors, 79.7% (95% CI, 66.8~88.6%) of T2 tumors, and 86.4% (95% CI, 74.5~93.6%) of T3 tumors. Overall, EUS accurately predicted N stage in 83.1% of cases. EUS correctly predicted N stage in 91.4% of N0 tumors and 70.8% of N1 tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Overall accuracy of EUS for the T and N staging of esophageal cancer was high. Thus, EUS is a useful diagnostic modality in determining the initial stage of esophageal cancer.
Busan ; Diagnosis ; Endosonography* ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4RD) is a relatively recently recognized entity that is histopathologically characterized by an extensive infiltration of lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells with dense fibrosis. IgG4RD is now known to affect any organ system, and a few cases of gastrointestinal lesions have also been reported. However, solitary IgG4RD of the stomach is still very rare. Furthermore, as it can mimic malignant conditions, it is important to recognize this disease to avoid unnecessary surgery. Herein, we present a case of IgG4RD presenting as an isolated subepithelial mass in the stomach.
Fibrosis ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Immunoglobulins* ; Lymphocytes ; Plasma Cells ; Stomach* ; Unnecessary Procedures

No abstract available.
Hodgkin Disease*

Roberts syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder accompanied by limb defects, craniofacial abnormalities, pre-and postnatal growth retardation. Patients with Roberts syndrome have characteristic premature separation of heterochromatin of many chromosomes and abnormalties in celldivision cycle. We have experienced a case of Roberts syndrome in an immature neonate The patients showed characteristic clinical features of multiple, severe facial mid-line clefts, and tetraphoco-amelia. The brief review of the literlature was made.
Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Ectromelia ; Extremities ; Heterochromatin ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in homocysteine levels with delays in the initiation time of centrifugation. Attempts were made to improve the processing of samples by analyzing the homocysteine levels of patients from a health promotion center, where delays in the initiation of sample centrifugation were expected because of the nature of the workload and operational procedures. METHODS: Forty healthy adults were selected for the measurement of homocysteine levels. The two samples those were obtained from each individual simultaneously and separately were designated as group A (centrifugation initiation time < or =20 minutes after blood sampling) and group B (> or =2 hours). The degree of deviation from the homocysteine reference interval was also evaluated with samples from 1,134 adults who had medical check-up at a health promotion center from August 1, 2009 to July 31, 2010. RESULTS: The mean serum homocysteine level in group B was significantly higher than that of group A (12.4 vs. 10.6 micromol/L, P<0.0001). Homocysteine level increased with a mean of 19.4% when the initiation of centrifugation was delayed over 2 hours. In the 1,134 adults who had medical check-up, the numbers outside the reference interval were 334 (29.5%). Abnormal samples with homocysteine levels out of the reference interval were reduced to about 7% in July 2011 through improving sample processing to minimize delays in centrifugation initiation time. CONCLUSIONS: Homocysteine levels rapidly increase as blood sample centrifugation is delayed. Therefore, in order to provide accurate test results immediate centrifugation of blood samples is critical.
Adult ; Centrifugation ; Health Promotion ; Homocysteine ; Humans