This study analyzed the intake of calories and nutrients based on the consumption of black beans. The survey was conducted on 124 college students (male: 42, female: 82), of whom 63.7% (79 students) were consumers of black beans. The calorie intake of the black bean intake group (1599.81±555.48 kcal) was significantly higher than that of the non-black bean intake group (1259.99±507.58 kcal) (P＜0.01). The black bean intake group also showed a significantly higher intake of crude protein (P＜0.05), plant protein (P＜0.01), animal protein (P＜0.05), crude fiber (P＜0.001), plant calcium (P＜0.001), plant iron (P＜0.001), zinc (P＜0.01), vitamin B 2 (P＜0.01), vitamin C (P＜0.01), vitamin E (P＜0.01) and folic acid (P＜0.001) compared to the non-black bean intake group. There was a positive correlation between the frequency of black bean intake and crude fiber (P＜0.05), plant calcium (P＜0.05), plant iron (P＜0.05), and folic acid (P＜0.05). Overall, the black bean intake group was more likely to eat black sesame 13.82 times (95% CI=5.37, 35.55), white beans 10.79 times (95% CI=3.53, 33.02), mung beans 7.22 times (95% CI=2.58, 20.23), and brown rice 4.72 times (95% CI=1.88, 11.84), than the non-black bean intake group. In conclusion, we believe that black beans constitute a vital food ingredient that is necessary to provide Korean college students with a well-balanced diet.

There is a dearth of Korean studies on dehydration, one of the health risks for adult women. This study analyzed the subjects of the 2016∼2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to investigate the relationship between nutrient intake ratios and sedentary time in dehydrated women. Body mass index and waist circumference in the dehydrated group (DG) were significantly higher than the normal group (NG). Intake of other liquids in the DG was significantly higher than in the NG, but total water intake in the DG was significantly lower than in the NG. Compared to the 600 sedentary minutes or more per day group, the odds ratio of dehydration was significantly higher in the less than 300 sedentary minutes per day group (1.871 [95% CI: 1.579∼2.215], P＜0.001). Compared to the drinking over 6.0 cups of water per day group, the odds ratio of dehydration was significantly higher in the 3 cups or fewer per day (OR [95% CI] is 1.198 times [1.019 to 1.408], P＜0.05), and 6.0 cups or fewer group (OR [95% CI] is 1.162 times [1.018 to 1.326], P＜0.05). The results of this study showed that the total water intake was relatively lower in the ≥600 sedentary minutes per day group compared to the 300 sedentary minutes per day group, making them more vulnerable to dehydration. The nutrient intake ratios were higher in the dehydration group than in the normal group. In conclusion, emphasis should be placed on the importance of hydration and nutrition education for adult women in the workplace.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder mediated by inflammatory cells, such as macrophages and mast cells. Rifampicin is mainly used for the treatment of tuberculosis. Recently, it was reported that rifampicin has anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive activities. In this study, we investigated the effect of rifampicin on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro. AD was induced by treatment with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in NC/Nga mice. A subset of mice was then treated with rifampicin by oral administration. The severity score and scratching behavior were alleviated in the rifampicin-treated group. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were also ameliorated in mice treated with rifampicin. We next examined whether rifampicin has anti-atopic activity via suppression of mast cell activation. Rifampicin suppressed the release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine from human mast cell (HMC)-1 cultures stimulated with compound 48/80. Treatment with rifampicin also inhibited secretion of inflammatory mediators, such tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin D₂ (PGD₂), in mast cells activated by compound 48/80. The mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was reduced in the cells treated with rifampicin in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that rifampicin can be used to treat atopic dermatitis.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Histamine ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulins ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Interleukin-4 ; Macrophages ; Mast Cells ; Mice ; Necrosis ; Rifampin* ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin ; Tuberculosis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder mediated by inflammatory cells, such as macrophages and mast cells. Rifampicin is mainly used for the treatment of tuberculosis. Recently, it was reported that rifampicin has anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive activities. In this study, we investigated the effect of rifampicin on atopic dermatitis in vivo and in vitro. AD was induced by treatment with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in NC/Nga mice. A subset of mice was then treated with rifampicin by oral administration. The severity score and scratching behavior were alleviated in the rifampicin-treated group. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were also ameliorated in mice treated with rifampicin. We next examined whether rifampicin has anti-atopic activity via suppression of mast cell activation. Rifampicin suppressed the release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine from human mast cell (HMC)-1 cultures stimulated with compound 48/80. Treatment with rifampicin also inhibited secretion of inflammatory mediators, such tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin D₂ (PGD₂), in mast cells activated by compound 48/80. The mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was reduced in the cells treated with rifampicin in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that rifampicin can be used to treat atopic dermatitis.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Histamine ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulins ; In Vitro Techniques* ; Interleukin-4 ; Macrophages ; Mast Cells ; Mice ; Necrosis ; Rifampin* ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin ; Tuberculosis

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to develop a PBL program for continuing nurse education and to evaluate the program after its implementation. METHODS: The PBL program was developed in the core cardio-pulmonary nursing concepts through a collaborative approach with a nursing school and a hospital. The PBL packages with simulation on ACLS were implemented to 40 clinical nurses. The entire PBL program consisted of six 3-hour weekly classes and was evaluated by the participants' subjective responses. RESULTS: Two PBL packages in cardio-pulmonary system including clinical cases and tutorial guidelines were developed. The 57.5% of the participants responded positively about the use of PBL as continuing nurse education in terms of self-motivated and cooperative learning, whereas 20.0% of the participants answered that the PBL method was not suitable for clinical nurses. Some modifications were suggested in grouping participants and program contents for PBL. CONCLUSION: The PBL method could be utilized to promote nurses' clinical competencies as well as self-learning abilities. Further research is needed in the implementation strategies of PBL-based continuing education in order to improve its effectiveness.
Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Cardiology/education ; *Clinical Competence ; Computer Simulation ; Curriculum ; Education, Nursing, Continuing/*organization & administration ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Heart Diseases/nursing ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Lung Diseases/nursing ; Manikins ; Middle Aged ; Nursing Education Research ; Nursing Methodology Research ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*education/psychology ; Organizational Objectives ; Pilot Projects ; Problem-Based Learning/*organization & administration ; Program Development ; Program Evaluation ; Pulmonary Medicine/education

Small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is a type of neuroendocrine tumor and very rare. We report ultrasound, CT and MR findings of a small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder that was confirmed by pathology. Small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder was seen as a well-defined mass with peripheral rim enhancement in the gallbladder. In spite of the large size of the mass, direct and extensive invasion of the liver was not detected. However, there were many metastatic lymph nodes.
Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Gallbladder ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Neuroendocrine Tumors

A 70-year-old woman with an infectious thrombus in her left internal jugular vein (IJV) underwent carotid endarterectomy for stenosis and a highly movable plaque in her right carotid artery. She had been treated with antibiotics for four weeks before surgery due to Lemierre syndrome, a rare septic thrombophlebitis in the IJV secondary to an oropharyngeal infection. The right IJV was in a two-fold dilated state due to compensation for a thrombotic left IJV. Accordingly, superficial cervical plexus block was performed under ultrasound guidance to ensure safety and accuracy. During surgery, the alertness was maintained and the patient did not complain of pain in the absence of additional analgesics. No block-related complications were encountered. The authors report for the first time their regional anesthetic experiences in a patient with Lemierre syndrome.
Aged ; Analgesics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carotid Arteries ; Cervical Plexus Block* ; Cervical Plexus* ; Compensation and Redress ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Endarterectomy, Carotid* ; Female ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; Lemierre Syndrome* ; Thrombophlebitis ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

Benign cystic teratoma is the common ovarian tumor, and the incidence reported about 20%. Malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is rare, which can develop with an incidence of less than 2%. The most common malignant tumor arising in mature cystic teratoma is squamous cell carcinoma which account for 75-85%, but vary rare cases of anaplastic carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma has been reported all over the world and prognosis of this malignant tumor was poor. No case of anaplastic carcinoma has been reported before in Korea. We experienced a case of anaplastic carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary and report our case with a brief review of literature.
Carcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Incidence ; Korea ; Ovary* ; Prognosis ; Teratoma*

Paraneoplastic encephalitis associated with an ovarian teratoma has been related to the development of antibodies to specific heteromers of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). The disorder, known as anti-NMDAR encephalitis, is characterized by psychiatric symptoms, seizures, mood and behavioral changes as well as involuntary movement. Since the NMDAR is the target of many anesthetic drugs, the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies might influence the requirements of anesthetics or their effects. We report the presentation and anesthetic experience of a young patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis undergoing surgical excision of two ovarian teratomas, and we also review the relevant literature.
Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis ; Antibodies ; Dyskinesias ; Encephalitis ; Humans ; N-Methylaspartate ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; Seizures ; Teratoma

All living beings on earth have an important mechanism of 24-h periodicity, which controls their physiology, metabolism, and behavior. In humans, 24-h periodicity is regulated by the superchiasmatic nucleus (SCN) through external and environmental cues.Peripheral organs demonstrate circadian rhythms and circadian clock functions, and these are also observed in cultured cell lines.Every cell contains a CLOCK: BMAL1 loop for the generation of circadian rhythms. In this review, we focused on cell autonomous circadian rhythms in immune cells, the inflammatory diseases caused by disruption of circadian rhythms in hormones, and the role of clock genes in inflammatory diseases.