No abstract available.
Endometrial Stromal Tumors* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Uterus*

PURPOSE: Many studies have revealed that diabetes mellitus (DM) increases a person's lifetime risk of colorectal cancer and that DM is associated with a worse outcome of colon cancer, but this association is controversial. In this study, we intended to examine the relationship between DM and the long-term outcomes of colorectal cancer. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 657 patients who underwent surgery due to colorectal cancer between 1997 and 2004 at Korea Cancer Center Hospital. The operations were done by a single surgeon. With a median follow-up of 4.7 years, we analyzed differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients with DM and those without DM. RESULTS: Of the 657 patients, 374 (57%) were males and 67 (10%) had DM. There was no difference in age at diagnosis, sex and pathologic stage of colorectal cancer according to the presence of DM. There were no difference in the RFS and the OS of colon cancer between the patients with DM and those without DM. At 5 years, the RFS was 71.3% in diabetic patients vs. 70.4% in non-diabetic patients (P = 0.480), and the OS was 68.8% in diabetic patients vs. 75.0% in non-diabetic patients (P = 0.498). There was no difference in the median survival between the groups (9.6 years in the diabetic group vs. 10.6 years in the non-diabetic group; P = 0.495). CONCLUSION: In this study, we did not find any relation between the presence of DM and either the recurrence or the survival in cases of colorectal cancer. More studies to elucidate whether the influence of DM is directly related to a higher rate of cancer recurrence or survival are needed.
Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Background: Non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy is associated with adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for women who underwent non-obstetric pelvic surgery during pregnancy compared with that of women that did not undergo surgery. Methods: Study data from women who gave birth in Korea were collected from the Korea National Health Insurance claims database between 2006 and 2016. We identified pregnant women who underwent abdominal non-obstetric pelvic surgery by laparoscopy or laparotomy from the database. Pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), cesarean section (C/S), gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage were identified. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the pregnancy outcomes were estimated by multivariate regression models. Results: Data from 4,439,778 women were collected for this study. From 2006–2016, 9,417 women from the initial cohort underwent non-obstetric pelvic surgery (adnexal mass resection, appendectomy) during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that preterm birth (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.81–2.23), LBW (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.46– 1.79), C/S (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08–1.18), and gestational hypertension (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18–1.55) were significantly more frequent in women who underwent non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy compared to pregnant women who did not undergo surgery. When the laparoscopic and laparotomy groups were compared for risk of fetal outcomes, the risk of LBW was significantly decreased in laparoscopic adnexal resection during pregnancy compared to laparotomy (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40–0.95). Conclusion Non-obstetric pelvic surgery during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, LBW, gestational hypertension, placenta previa, placental abruption, and C/S. Although the benefits and safety of laparoscopy during pregnancy appear similar to those of laparotomy in regard to pregnancy outcomes, laparoscopic adnexal mass resection was associated with a lower risk of LBW.

Background: Non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy is associated with adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for women who underwent non-obstetric pelvic surgery during pregnancy compared with that of women that did not undergo surgery. Methods: Study data from women who gave birth in Korea were collected from the Korea National Health Insurance claims database between 2006 and 2016. We identified pregnant women who underwent abdominal non-obstetric pelvic surgery by laparoscopy or laparotomy from the database. Pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), cesarean section (C/S), gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage were identified. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the pregnancy outcomes were estimated by multivariate regression models. Results: Data from 4,439,778 women were collected for this study. From 2006–2016, 9,417 women from the initial cohort underwent non-obstetric pelvic surgery (adnexal mass resection, appendectomy) during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that preterm birth (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.81–2.23), LBW (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.46– 1.79), C/S (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08–1.18), and gestational hypertension (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18–1.55) were significantly more frequent in women who underwent non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy compared to pregnant women who did not undergo surgery. When the laparoscopic and laparotomy groups were compared for risk of fetal outcomes, the risk of LBW was significantly decreased in laparoscopic adnexal resection during pregnancy compared to laparotomy (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40–0.95). Conclusion Non-obstetric pelvic surgery during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, LBW, gestational hypertension, placenta previa, placental abruption, and C/S. Although the benefits and safety of laparoscopy during pregnancy appear similar to those of laparotomy in regard to pregnancy outcomes, laparoscopic adnexal mass resection was associated with a lower risk of LBW.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is responsible for substantial proportions of cutaneous metastasis from internal malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations and outcomes of cutaneous metastasis in Korean lung cancer patients. METHODS: On a retrospective basis, we analyzed medical records of all patients diagnosed with lung cancer from 2000 to 2006. RESULTS: Cutaneous metastases were found in 10 of 4,385 patients. The number of cases was highest for squamous cell carcinoma. However, there was no metastasis from 754 cases of small cell carcinomas. Cutaneous metastasis was detected during staging work-up in 4 patients and it was the presenting sign of recurrence post-operative in 2 patients. Average time from the diagnosis to discovery of cutaneous metastasis was 16.3 months and median survival was 8.5 months (range, 1.8~19.1 months). CONCLUSION: Physicians should be acquainted with clinical manifestations and outcomes of cutaneous metastasis from lung cancer to detect new, recurrent cancer, or disease progression, and to administer appropriate and prompt management.
Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Neoplasms

Primary myelofibrosis is characterized by replacement of bone marrow with fibrotic tissue and the development of extramedullary hematopoiesis. Extramedullary hematopoiesis primarily involves the spleen and liver, but can also occur in the lungs. We report the case of an 80-year-old male who was admitted for evaluation of a lung mass and persistent thrombocytopenia. A percutaneous needle aspiration from the mass in the right lower lung showed myelopoietic cells with fatty tissue. A bone marrow biopsy revealed a hypercellular marrow with an increased number of atypical megakaryocytes. The final diagnosis was a prefibrotic stage of primary myelofibrosis leading to extramedullary hematopoiesis in the lung.
Adipose Tissue ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Male ; Megakaryocytes ; Needles ; Primary Myelofibrosis ; Spleen ; Thrombocytopenia

Objective: This study aimed to investigate trends in the rate of cesarean sections (CSs) in South Korea from 2006 to 2015 and identify the risk factors associated with these changes. Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Corporation dataset, all women who gave birth between 2006 and 2015 were included in the study. We investigated 1) the mode of delivery, 2) the complication rates during pregnancy (i.e., preeclampsia and placenta previa), and 3) pre-pregnancy factors (body mass index, hypertension [HTN], diabetes mellitus [DM], and other pre-existing medical conditions), and their trends during the study period. Results: Over 10 years, the rate of CS increased from 36.3% in 2006 to 40.6% in 2015 (P<0.01). The rate of CS increased in primiparous women, women with multiple pregnancy, and women with preeclampsia. Maternal age and the incidence of placenta previa also increased. In contrast, the rate of vacuum deliveries and vaginal birth after CS decreased during the study period. The rate of women with pre-pregnancy obesity and DM increased, but the rate of women with pre-pregnancy HTN decreased. Conclusion The rate of CS in South Korea increased from 2006 to 2015. This trend may reflect changes in the rate of different risk factors. Identifying the causes of the increasing CS trend observed in this study will allow clinicians to monitor these factors and possibly reduce the rate of CS.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate trends in the rate of cesarean sections (CSs) in South Korea from 2006 to 2015 and identify the risk factors associated with these changes. Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Corporation dataset, all women who gave birth between 2006 and 2015 were included in the study. We investigated 1) the mode of delivery, 2) the complication rates during pregnancy (i.e., preeclampsia and placenta previa), and 3) pre-pregnancy factors (body mass index, hypertension [HTN], diabetes mellitus [DM], and other pre-existing medical conditions), and their trends during the study period. Results: Over 10 years, the rate of CS increased from 36.3% in 2006 to 40.6% in 2015 (P<0.01). The rate of CS increased in primiparous women, women with multiple pregnancy, and women with preeclampsia. Maternal age and the incidence of placenta previa also increased. In contrast, the rate of vacuum deliveries and vaginal birth after CS decreased during the study period. The rate of women with pre-pregnancy obesity and DM increased, but the rate of women with pre-pregnancy HTN decreased. Conclusion The rate of CS in South Korea increased from 2006 to 2015. This trend may reflect changes in the rate of different risk factors. Identifying the causes of the increasing CS trend observed in this study will allow clinicians to monitor these factors and possibly reduce the rate of CS.

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis involving small vessels with the deposition of immune complexes containing IgA and C3, which is characterized by associated skin, joint, renal, and gastrointestinal manifestations. Although there were several causes such as autoimmunity, infection, and drugs, it also can be presented as a form of vasculitidies associated with malignancies. We report a case of HSP developed during treatment for non-small cell lung cancer in a 66-year-old man. Multiple purpuric skin lesions occurred in both legs after the first cycle of chemotherapy, which was diagnosed as HSP by clinical and pathologic examinations. Due to the itching sensation, topical steroid was applied and the patient was improved 3 weeks later without a scheduled change in chemotherapy.
Aged ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Autoimmunity ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Joints ; Leg ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pruritus ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; Sensation ; Skin ; Systemic Vasculitis ; Vasculitis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Silibinin, the main component of silymarin, is used as a hepatoprotectant and exhibits anticancer effects against various cancer cells. This study evaluated the effects of a combination of silibinin with either gefitinib or sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS: Several different human HCC cell lines were used to test the growth-inhibiting effects and cell toxicity of silibinin both alone and in combination with either gefitinib or sorafenib. The cell viability and growth inhibition were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, trypan blue staining, and a colony-forming assay. Furthermore, changes in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-related signals were evaluated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Gefitinib, sorafenib, and silibinin individually exhibited dose-dependent antiproliferative effects on HCC cells. Combined treatment with silibinin enhanced the gefitinib-induced growth-inhibiting effects in some HCC cell lines. The combination effect of gefitinib and silibinin was synergistic in the SNU761 cell line, but was only additive in the Huh-BAT cell line. The combination effect may be attributable to inhibition of EGFR-dependent Akt signaling. Enhanced growth-inhibiting effects were also observed in HCC cells treated with a combination of sorafenib and silibinin. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with silibinin enhanced the growth-inhibiting effects of both gefitinib and sorafenib. Therefore, the combination of silibinin with either sorafenib or gefitinib could be a useful treatment approach for HCC in the future.
Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/*drug effects ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Drug Synergism ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism/pathology ; Niacinamide/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Phenylurea Compounds/*pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Quinazolines/*pharmacology ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Silymarin/*pharmacology