PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the effects of a weight control program on body weight and the sense of efficacy for control of dietary behavior in psychiatric inpatients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used. Data were collected from March 1 to September 30, 2007. Female mentally ill patients in closing psychiatry ward of H University Hospital participated in the study (16 persons in the experimental group and 13 in the control group). RESULTS: The weight control program including diet therapy, exercise, education and behavior modification therapy decreased the rate of weight gain in female mentally ill patients taking atypical antipsychotics, and effectively increased a sense of efficacy for control of dietary behavior. CONCLUSION: Weight control program had a positive effect as a nursing intervention to decrease obesity and to increase the sense of efficacy for control of dietary behavior of psychiatric inpatients in psychiatric inpatients.
Adult ; Cognitive Therapy ; Diet Therapy ; Exercise ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Inpatients/psychology ; Mentally Ill Persons/*psychology ; Middle Aged ; Patient Education as Topic ; Psychiatric Nursing ; *Weight Loss

This study was aimed at primarily to develop a tool to evaluate sexuality education and secondarily to test effectiveness through application of developed evaluation tools in elementary school. The results from this study were summarized below: 1. On the basis of targeting the lower grades (1st- 3th year) and the higher grades (4th-6th year) elementary school students' sexuality education guidebooks published by Korea Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development, 71 preliminary items targeting the lower grades, 90 preliminary items targeting the higher grades were developed. 2. Through the validity test about the contents of the preliminary items three times, the items were regulated to 65 items targeting the lower grads and 57 items targeting the higher grades. And then, the preliminary items were re-regulated to 40 items separately. Then, pre-test which targeting each 30 students was enforced. 3.Finally, the evaluation tools for sexuality education that consisted of 40 items targeting the lower grades and the higher grades were developed. 4.Reliability test of the developed tools, sexuality education evaluation tools showed alpha coefficient of internal consistency were 0.8355 (for the use of the lower grades) and 0.8881 (for the use of the higher grades). 5.To apply the developed sexuality education evaluation tools, 10-times sexuality education were carried out class unit and pre-post test were done using same questionnaire, which contains developed tool, there were significant difference in low grade (t=16.548, p=0.000), high grade (t=14.773, p=0.000). The results of this study suggest that the evaluation tool for sexuality education in elementary school may be a useful tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. In this sense, the evaluation tool for sexuality education developed by this study can be effectively utilized in Korea elementary schools.
Education* ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Korea ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sexuality* ; Staff Development ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To explore the intracellular signal transduction pathways of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in inducing matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human myometrial smooth muscle cells. METHODS: We studied the expression of MMP-9 induced by cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) with zymography. The influence of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta on the phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and IkB were studied with immunoblotting for p-JNK and p-IkB. The intranuclear shifting of NF-kB and AP-1 after treatment with TNF-alpha and IL-1beta were evaluated by EMSA. RESULTS: TNF-alpha- and IL-1beta-induced MMP-9 expression was not suppressed by NF-kB inhibitor (CAPE), AP-1 inhibitor (curcumin) and PKC inhibitor (calphostin C) but was inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitor (genistein). After treatment of myometrial smooth muscle cells with TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, phosphorylation of JNK and phosphorylation of IkB with degradation of IkB were evidently observed. The intranuclear translocations of NF-kB and AP-1 were strongly enhanced after treatment with TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta as demonstrated in EMSA. CONCLUSION: In myometrial smooth muscle cells, MMP-9 is induced by TNF-alpha and IL-1beta through PKC activation and transcriptional activations of NF-kB and AP-1. Independent of PKC activation, the signaling of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in the induction of MMP-9 seems to be transmitted by way of either NF-kB or AP-1 activation in myometrial smooth muscle cells.
Cytokines* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Interleukin-1beta ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Muscle, Smooth* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle* ; NF-kappa B ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Signal Transduction* ; Transcription Factor AP-1 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Uterus

PURPOSE: Recent research has shown that there is a relationship between the level of preoperative serum TSH and a papillary thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, this study examined the correlation between the serum TSH and papillary thyroid carcinoma. METHODS: The preoperative serum TSH level of papillary thyroid carcinoma and nodular hyperplasia of 418 patients from 2009 Jan. to 2011 Dec. was examined. The patients were divided into 3 groups, nodular hyperplasia, less than 1 cm micropapillary carcinoma and more than 1 cm papillary carcinoma, and their TSH levels were compared. RESULTS: Nodular hyperplasia and total papillary carcinoma was found in 98 (23.0%) and 322 (77.0%) patients, respectively. After dividing the patients according to the size of the mass, there were 224 (53.6%) patients with a mass less than 1 cm in size and 98 (23.4%) patients with a mass more than 1 cm in size. The preoperative serum TSH level of the 3 groups showed a significant difference, which was 1.180±1.168 μIU/ml in the nodular hyperplasia group, 1.670±1.224 μIU/ml in the micropapillary carcinoma group and 2.279±2.837 μIU/ml in the papillary carcinoma group (P<0.001). On the other hand, there were no significant correlations between the preoperative serum TSH level and gender, age, metastasis to lymph node, number of masses and extrathyroidal extensions. CONCLUSION: The larger size of the papillary thyroid carcinoma, the higher the preoperative high serum TSH level. Therefore, the stimulation of TSH can affect the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma but more study will be needed.
Carcinoma, Papillary ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), an autoimmune disease, was characterized by chronic synovitis and associated with various extra-articular manifestations. Abnormal hematologic findings have been reported in all form of JRA, especially anemia due to chronic disease or iron deficiency. Dysplastic changes were rarely noted in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. We experienced a 15-year-old female patient with pauciarticular JRA who have pancytopenia in peripheral blood and a number of dysplastic changes in bone marrow, and present the case here with brief review of literatures.
Adolescent ; Anemia ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Juvenile* ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Bone Marrow ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Iron ; Pancytopenia ; Synovitis

The objectives of this study were to analyze the operational characteristics and to explore the substantiality plan of inpatient diets for foreigners in hospitals. Questionnaires were mail-delivered to 128 hospitals, and a total of 62 questionnaires were usable with a response rate of 48.4 percent. Statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS Win 11.0 for descriptive analysis, independent t-test, and χ2 test. Results can be summarized as follows. The average number of inpatient meals for foreigners in the last 6 months were 405 and 53 for general therapeutic diets and special therapeutic diets, respectively. The rates of hospitals with an exclusive department and exclusive staff for foreign inpatients were 48.4% and 53.2%, respectively. Major nationalities of foreign inpatients were China (37.5%) and Russia (31.3%), and their major medical departments were internal medicine (43.9%) and surgery (39.0%). The number of hospitals that provided inpatient diet only for foreigners was 42 (72.4%) and influencing factors were number of permitted beds (P<0.05), an exclusive department (P<0.001), and exclusive staff (P<0.01). The main type of menu was USA·European style (61.1%), and the price of inpatient meals for foreigners was mostly \10,000~\25,000 (62.0%). As 75.9% of hospitals did not possess dietary slip manuals for foreigners, the case of preparing inpatient meals for foreigners in the form of a general therapeutic diet partially-modified according to disease was the majority (55.4%). Dietitians felt the need for nutrition management guidelines and dietary slip manuals (47.3%) as a substantiality plan of inpatient diets for foreigners. There is a need for exclusive foodservice standards for foreign inpatients in the changing medical environment.
China ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Diet* ; Emigrants and Immigrants* ; Ethnic Groups ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Internal Medicine ; Meals ; Nutritionists ; Russia

Hyperactivation of phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) has been suggested to be a potential mechanism for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness, and PI3K inhibitors have been examined as asthma therapeutics. However, the regulatory mechanism linking PI3K to ER stress and related pathological signals in asthma have not been defined. To elucidate these pathogenic pathways, we investigated the influence of a selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, IC87114, on airway inflammation in an ovalbumin/lipopolysaccharide (OVA/LPS)-induced asthma model. In OVA/LPS-induced asthmatic mice, the activity of PI3K, downstream phosphorylation of AKT and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were all significantly elevated; these effects were reversed by IC87114. IC87114 treatment also reduced the OVA/LPS-induced ER stress response by enhancing the intra-ER oxidative folding status through suppression of protein disulfide isomerase activity, ER-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and NOX4 activity. Furthermore, inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α)-dependent degradation (RIDD) of IRE1α was reduced by IC87114, resulting in a decreased release of proinflammatory cytokines from bronchial epithelial cells. These results suggest that PI3Kδ may induce severe airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by activating NF-κB signaling through ER-associated ROS and RIDD–RIG-I activation. The PI3Kδ inhibitor IC87114 is a potential therapeutic agent against neutrophil-dominant asthma.