Incidence rate of esophageal cancer is not similar in each country, for example higher incidence in Central Asia, North America and northern Africa. An esophageal cancer in Mongolia is 4th most common cancer after liver, stomach and lung cancers. At first to determine the structure and functional tendency we need to formulate mathematic analysis, processing and reference values of measurements. Formulation consists of 2 main parts that are quantitative and qualitative methods.Goal: By this research study we have aimed to determine pathological types and morphometric indices in esophageal cancer.Materials and Methods: Materials and samples for research study were chosen from biopsies, which were taken for diagnosis of esophageal disease in national center of cancer, Ulaanbaatar city among 1998-2002. These materials were diagnosed by international classification, 2006 of WHO. Totally 286 samples were prepared, here 184 (64.5%) samples were squamous cell carcinoma (well differentiated- 55, moderate differentiated-103, poorly differentiated-26), adenocarcinoma 20 (7%), undifferentiated carcinoma 7 (2.4%), intraepithelial neoplasia 74 (25.9%), low grade neoplasia 9 (3.1%) and high grade neoplasia was 65 (22.8%). Measurement was done by Video test 5.0 of Russia and software SPSS 17.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results: From the result of the study concluded the average indices are increased by 1.5 times in neoplasia cases of squamous epithelium, 2.1 times in well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases, 3.2 times in moderate differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases, 2 times poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases, 2.1 times in adenocarcinoma cases and 1.7 times in the undifferentiated carcinoma cases in compare with relatively healthy average volume indices. But in the performed study was not observed a real difference between average volume indices of variable cancer cases. The most high rate of cell volume indices and square indices of nucleus were observed in moderate differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases while in undifferentiated carcinoma and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma cases were lowest rate of cell volume indices were observed.Conclusions: There are considerable signification on caryometrical and stereometrical research of differentiation between esophageal cancer and precancerous diseases.

In 2006, by the news of National Center of Health Development, morbidity of cardiovascular disease was 501.84 per 10000 people. It’s increased by 2 times than over 10 years.Goal: To study and to determine stereometric research, mathematic modeling and histologicalcharacteristic on cardiomyocyte of arterial hypertension (AH), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and chronic rheumatoid fever (CRF).Materials and Methods: It was prepared sections for histometric materials from muscular of left ventricle. Linear measurement and number of cardiomyocyte per area of materials were carried out by computermicroscope “Leica” with program Diskus 3.2 version from German. On linear measurement of AH, AMI and CRF were processed by mathematic modeling. On ratio of cytoplasm and nucleus and histological characteristics were analyzed by chi-square testResults: Results of stereometric research on cardiomyocyte On AH volume of cardiomyocyte was 5788.22±40.99mkm3, volume of the nucleus - 806.47±12.86mkm3, ratio cytoplasm and nucleus 1:7 and number of cells per area was 10.On AMI volume of cardiomyocyte was 3240.94±48.96mkm3, volume of the nucleus - 693.85±12.76mkm3, ratio cytoplasm and nucleus 1:5 and number of cells per area was 16. On CRF volume of cardiomyocyte was 5341.06±63.4mkm3, volume of the nucleus - 801.5±15.96mkm3, ratio cytoplasm and nucleus 1:7 and number of cells per area was 11. In comparatively healthy condition at 20 to 30 years old population of Mongolia the volume of cardiomyocyte was determined 1063.17mkm3, volume of nucleus 406.69mkm3, ratio cytoplasm and nucleus 2.6 and number of cells per area was 31. Result of histological research of myocardial muscle. By the research of the difference between histological characteristic was confirmed that all of this characteristics have real main difference. Conclusions: It was confirmed difference with statistical probability by that determined volume of the cardiomyocyte 5788.22±40.99mkm3 in AH, 3240.94±48.96mkm3 in AMI and 5341.06±63.4mkm3 in CRF. Quantity of cells per area was in AH - 10, in AMI – 16 and in CRF 11, but in comparatively healthy condition it was 31.