OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) on apoptosis and proliferation of human lung cancer cell line A549 in vitro under hypoxia and normoxia. METHODS: A549 cells were treated with 0, 1, 2, 4 micromol/L As2O3 for 12, 24 and 48 h under hypoxia (5% O(2)) and normoxia (21% O(2)). The proliferative inhibition rate of A549 cells was measured with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and the apoptotic rate of A549 cells was detected by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining. RESULTS: Under normoxia and hypoxia, 1, 2, 4 micromol/L As(2)O(3) could significantly inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells. The results depended on the drug concentration and action time. And the hypoxia couldn't influence the effects of As(2)O(3). CONCLUSION: As(2)O(3) can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of A549 cells under hypoxia and normoxia.

Objective To reveal the differences in clinical characteristics between health care associated pneumonia (HCAP) and community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly patients.Methods A total of 282 elderly patients were evaluated,including 69 patients with HCAP (25.5％) and 213 with CAP (75.5％).A retrospective observational study was conducted.The baseline characteristics,comorbidities,pathogen distribution,antibiotics,and clinical outcomes between HCAP and CAP patients were compared.Results The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and cerebrovascular diseases were higher in HCAP group (49 cases,71.0％; 36 cases,52.2％) than in CAP group (93 cases,43.7％; 57 cases,26.8％) (x2 =15.598,15.229,all P＜0.001).The infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29 cases,51.8％),Staphylococcus aureus (19cases,34.0％) and Acinetobacter baumannii (18 cases,32.1％) in HCAP group were more than in CAP group [(26 cases,27.7％),(12 cases,2.8％),(8 cases,8.5％),(x2 =8.796,9.586,13.678,all P＜0.05)],respectively.While the infection of Streptococcus pneumoniae (38 cases,40.4％) in CAP group was much more than in HCAP group (4 cases,7.1％)(x2 =19.283,P＜0.001).Initial inappropriate antibiotics treatment failure was more frequent in HCAP group (24 cases,34.8％) than in CAP group (37 cases,17.3％)(x2=9.321,P＜0.05).The mortality was higher in HCAP group (19 cases,27.5％) than in CAP group (29 cases,13.6％)(x2 =7.151,P＜0.05).Conclusions HCAP should be distinguished from CAP in elderly,which is helpful to choose appropriate empirical anti-infective regimen and improve the effect of HCAP treatment.

Objective:To investigate the cognitive status of professionalism among medical college students and ways to cultivate physician professionalism.Methods:According to the literature and interview, we made the questionnaire on the cognition of physician professionalism among medical students. A total of 512 valid questionnaires (including e-questionnaires) were collected from medical students of Shantou University Medical College and Qingdao University Medical College of Shandong Province from May to September, 2017. SPSS 20.0 software was used to perform the normality and single-sample t-test on physician professionalism, professional cognition, professional emotion and professional willingness. Quantitative data was analyzed by cross-table chi-square test and mean-standard deviation. Results:The professional cognition scored lowest (3.62±0.50) in the three dimensions, the professional willingness scored the highest (4.35±0.58), and the professional emotional scored in the middle (4.05±0.48). There was significant difference in physician professionalism among medical students with different family background ( P<0.05), but no statistical difference in gender and school system. Conclusion:The results demonstrate a low-to-medium level of physician professionalism in medical students. We suggest to cultivate and promote physician professionalism from the aspects of emphasis on objectivity, and cultivation of humanism and service consciousness.