[Objective] It makes a through study on the popularization and usefulness plan of Moxa Combustion, therefore popularizing practical use of that.
[Methods] It was based on the established treatises and books, in order to studying about the literature of Moxa Combustion.
[Results & Conclusions] It makes a through study on the whole of Moxa Combustion, the results as follows.
1. We explained (illustrated) the origin, history, classification and mechanism (effect) of Moxa Combustion.
2. The study of standardization plan of Moxa Combustion for popularization.
The thermal stimulation of Moxa Combustion was decided the characteristic pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning and that makes a measure to grasp the effective action of Moxa Combustion upon human body. Thereupon it is necessary to continue further studies by analyzing the characteristic pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning and there clinical effects in practice.
3. The usefulness of Moxa Combustion.
The therapeutic effect of Moxa Combustion are hematopoiesis (increase the blood), analgesic function, increase the immunity, antioxidant activity, diuretic action, control of hormone (endocrine gland), suppression of carcinogenesis, increase the self involution (natural healing), decrease of GOT/GPT, glucose, cholesterol level.

BACKGROUND: ABO genotyping is commonly used in cases of an ABO discrepancy between cell typing and serum typing, as well as in forensic practice for personal identification and paternity testing. We evaluated ABO genotyping via multiplex allele-specific PCR (ASPCR) amplification using whole blood samples without DNA purification. METHODS: A four-reaction multiplex ASPCR genotyping assay was designed to detect specific nucleotide sequence differences between the six ABO alleles A101, A102, B101, O01, O02, and cis-AB01. The ABO genotypes of 127 randomly chosen samples were determined using the new multiplex ASPCR method. RESULTS: The genotypes of the 127 samples were found to be A101/A102 (n=1), A102/A102 (n=9), A101/O01 (n=3), A102/O01 (n=12), A102/O02 (n=14), B101/B101 (n=5), B101/O01 (n=18), B101/O02 (n=15), O01/O01 (n=14), O02/O02 (n=8), O01/O02 (n=14) and A102/B101 (n=14), from which phenotypes were calculated to be A (n=39), B (n=38), O (n=36) and AB (n=14). The multiplex ASPCR assay results were compared with the serologically determined blood group phenotypes and genotypes determined by DNA sequencing, and there were no discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS: This convenient multiplex ASPCR assay, performed using whole blood samples, provides a supplement to routine serological ABO typing and might also be useful in other genotyping applications.
ABO Blood-Group System/*genetics ; *Alleles ; DNA/blood ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods

To examine the effect of obesity on volume perception according to size and color of rice bowl, we divided female college students into a normal weight group (<30% fat mass, n=100) and obese group (> or =30% fat mass, n=83) and then measured perceived volume of rice bowls of various sizes (general size; 350 ml vs. small size; 188 ml) and color (yellow, white, blue, and black) containing the same amount of cooked white rice (210 g). Normal weight group perceived that the general rice bowl contained significantly more cooked white rice compared to the small rice bowl. In contrast, the obese group perceived that the general rice bowl contained significantly less cooked white rice than the small rice bowl. The estimated variance in perceived volume of both bowls was significantly bigger in the obese group compared to the normal group. There were no differences in perceived volume among any of the subjects (both normal and obese groups) according to rice bowl color. However, the estimated variance in perceived volume in the obese group was significantly larger than that in the normal group for all of the rice bowls. In conclusion, rice bowl size and color might affect volume perception, and volume perception in obese people may be different from that of normal weight people.
Female ; Humans ; Obesity

Purpose: Herein is reported our initial experience of the CyberKnife to show its safety and feasibility as a treatment modality for non-metastatic prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, with biopsy-proven prostate cancers, were recruited into a phase I clinical trial using the CyberKnife. The distribution of clinical risks, as assessed using the ASTRO criteria, was as follows: low (4), intermediate (5) and high (11). The mean age and follow up of the patients were 71.4 years and 15 months, respectively. The patients received 7.5-9Gy of radiation in a single fraction for 4-5 days. The total radiation dose to the prostate was 34-37.5Gy, which approximates to 86.4Gy in 2Gy fractions. The rectal and bladder acute toxicities were graded using the criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG). The results of acute toxicities were compared to those of the historical control, which had been treated with conventional four field box techniques (received median dose 70.2Gy). The prostate-specific antigen (PSA)- based short-term efficacy was described. Results: The acute rectal toxicity scores were 0, 1 and 2 in 13, 5, and 2 patients, respectively. The acute bladder toxicity scores were 0, 1 and 2 in 16, 3 and 1 patient, respectively. No grade 3 or 4 acute toxicity was noted. These figures contrast sharply with those found for the historical control. All toxicities spontaneously subsided within 3 months after treatment. Continuous PSA reduction was noted in all patients, and no PSA failure was noted during the follow up period. Conclusions: Our data show the feasibility of the CyberKnife in terms of its efficacy and acute toxicity. Moreover, the capability of using a hypo-fractionation schedule lead to marked improvement in patient convenience, with substantial resource savings.
Appointments and Schedules ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Income ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder

Duodenal intramural hematoma is mostly caused by blunt abdominal trauma. It is also less commonly reported as a complication of anticoagulation therapy or as a blood dyscrasia, and as a complication of diagnostic/ therapeutic endoscopy. The presentation of these patients is abdominal pain, vomiting, fever and hematochezia, and this is rarely accompanied with intestinal obstruction, severe pancreatitis and acute peritonitis as its complications. The diagnosis is made clear by performing abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography. We reported here on one case of intramural duodenal hematoma and hemoperitoneum after performing endoscopic hemostasis in a chronic renal failure patient who was on maintenance hemodialysis.
Abdominal Pain ; Diagnosis ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy* ; Fever ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hematoma* ; Hemoperitoneum* ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Pancreatitis ; Peritonitis ; Renal Dialysis ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Gastroesophageal reflux in infant is a physiological process. However, surgery is performed in high risk infants with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) when medical management fails. This study focuses on efficacy and safety of Nissen fundoplication for GERD in infants under age 12 months. METHODS: This study was a retrospective case analysis of 11 neonates and infants under 12 months of age who underwent Nissen fundoplication following a failure of medical treatment between June 2010 and June 2013 at Pusan National University Children's Hospital. The records were reviewed to determine the effect of fundoplication on symptoms and post-operative complications. RESULTS: A total of 11 infants consist of four males and seven females. Mean birth weight was 2,305.5+/-558.6 g (1,390-3,130 g). They had some underlying disease, which are not related with GERD such as congenital heart disease (54.5%), prematurity (45.5%), neurologic disease (18.2%), respiratory disease (18.2%), and other gastrointestinal disease. Mean body weight at surgery was 3,803.6+/-1,864.9 g (1,938.7-5,668.5 g). Mean age at operation was 99.9+/-107.6 days (17-276 days). Duration from operation to full enteral feeding was 10.9 days. Symptoms related GERD disappeared in all patients including one who got reoperation. One infant died of congenital heart disease unrelated to surgery. There were no complications related to fundoplication. CONCLUSION: Fundoplication is effective and safe treatment in the neonates and infants with severe GERD.
Birth Weight ; Body Weight ; Busan ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Fundoplication* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Male ; Physiological Processes ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare type of chronic bacterial nephritis, which rarely involves the invasion of adjacent organs or the formation of fistulas due to tissue-destructive granulomatous reactions. Although the invasions of various adjacent organs have been reported in several cases of XGP, MRI data on their features are limited. MRI has a better soft-tissue resolution than CT. Thus, it can identify the extent of extrarenal involvement in advanced XGP, and the findings can be used in treatment planning. Herein, we report a rare case of XGP with nephropleural fistula formation diagnosed using CT and MRI.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare type of chronic bacterial nephritis, which rarely involves the invasion of adjacent organs or the formation of fistulas due to tissue-destructive granulomatous reactions. Although the invasions of various adjacent organs have been reported in several cases of XGP, MRI data on their features are limited. MRI has a better soft-tissue resolution than CT. Thus, it can identify the extent of extrarenal involvement in advanced XGP, and the findings can be used in treatment planning. Herein, we report a rare case of XGP with nephropleural fistula formation diagnosed using CT and MRI.

OBJECTIVE: p63 is a member of the p53 gene family. The main aim of this study was to compare p63 and p53 expression in precancerous lesions and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS: Total 81 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (22 cases), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (42 cases) and invasive squamous cell carcinomas (17 cases) in the uterine cervix were stained by immunohistochemistry for expression of p63, p53 and topoisomerase II-alpha. RESULTS: p63 was statistically significant higher immunoreactivity according to progression of uterine cervical squamous lesions, but p53 was not significant. No statistical correlation was found between p63 and p53. Topoisomerase II-alpha index was statistically significant higher according to increase of p63 expression. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the expression of p63 protein may play a roles in progression and proliferative activities of the uterine cervical squamous lesions.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry

Vaginal agenesis is rare gynecologic condition, and the most common etiology is Mayer-Rokitansky-Kster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, characterized by the absence of uterus and vagina and presence of normal ovaries and tubes. In such patients, the evaluation for associated malformations as well as careful non-surgical and surgical approach are essential. The neovaginoplasty is an important issue for these patients in regard of functional and psychological standpoint. There are many options available for creation of neovagina. We report six cases of laparoscopic assisted neovaginoplasty using pelvic peritoneal flap.
Abnormalities, Multiple ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Laparoscopy ; Mullerian Ducts ; Ovary ; Somites ; Spine ; Uterus ; Vagina