No abstract available.
Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia* ; Neck*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cisplatin* ; Ditiocarb* ; Epithelium* ; Mice* ; Tongue*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Palatine Tonsil* ; Tongue*

OBJECTIVES: To compare eating behavior according to the shift work and to find the factors associated with the abnormal eating behavior in university hospital's nurses. METHODS: For this assessment, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 university hospital's nurses. Nurses were questioned with self-reported questionnaire forms. After excluding cases with incomplete data, 276 cases are enrolled in the study. To find the factors associated with the abnormal eating behavior, we conducted multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The proportions of shift work nurses were 63.77%(176 cases). The proportions of abnormal eating behavior among shift work nurses were 22.73%(40 cases), but only 6.00%(6 cases) among non-shift work nurses had the abnormal eating behavior. Considering the shift work period, the proportions of abnormal eating behavior were 31.25%, 22.92% and 17.50% in case of shift work period were less than 1 year, 1~3 years and more than 3 years, respectively. The abnormal eating behavior was associated with having shift work, doing exercise, more weekly working hours, being on a diet and having perception of overweight. But age and body mass index were not influenced the abnormal eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that the factors associated with the abnormal eating behavior are the shift work, exercise, weekly working hours, perception of overweight and diet.
Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Eating* ; Feeding Behavior* ; Logistic Models ; Overweight ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In this study, we examined chewing frequency, eating rates, and food consumption volume according to the body mass index of male and female college students. Twenty-five male college students were divided into a normal weight male group (<23 body mass index, n=14) and an obese male group (> or =23 body mass index, n=11). Twenty-five female college students were divided into a normal weight female group (<23 body mass index, n=21) and an obese female group (> or =23 body mass index, n=4). Subjects were provided with abundant fried rice and allowed to consume it at their own pace. Chewing frequency, total mealtime, rate of eating, consumption volume, calorie intake, and the amount of one bite were measured. There were no significant differences in chewing frequency, total mealtime, rate of eating, consumption volume, calorie intake, and the amount of one bite between the normal and obese male groups. There were also no significant differences in chewing frequency, consumption volume, calorie intake, and the amount of one bite between the normal and obese female groups. However, the obese female group had a significantly shorter mealtime and significantly higher eating rate compared with the normal group. Thus, our study suggests that females who eat a meal for a longer time may reduce their food intake, consequently inducing body weight loss.
Bites and Stings ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Eating ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mastication ; Meals

BACKGROUND: The esthetic and functional outcomes of periorbital defect reconstruction are very important because of the complex anatomy and specialized functions of this region. The orbicularis oculi myocutaneous (OOMC) flap is useful for the reconstruction of periorbital defects. But, according to the location and depth of the defects, the reconstruction using OMC flaps with various techniques is rare. The authors have used various kinds of OOMC flaps in various situations and we present an analysis of our experiences. METHODS: From November 2001 to July 2017, we used 36 OOMC flaps to reconstruct 30 periorbital defects in 25 patients. We analyzed the cause of the defect, its location, the type of concomitant surgery, the method of flap movement, and complications. RESULTS: Of the 30 defects, basal cell carcinoma was the most common cause, accounting for 20 cases. When the used OOMC flap was classified according to the location of the defects, the switch flap was used in nine cases among 15 defects of lower eyelid, and the V-Y advancement flap was mainly used for other parts. As surgical methods according to the depth of defect were classified, all cases involving the tarsal plate were reconstructed with a composite graft. In case of skin and muscles, they were reconstructed only with OOMC flap or with full-thickness skin graft. CONCLUSION: The OOMC flap provides good skin quality that is very similar to that of the defect tissue. Depending on the location and depth of the defect, the OOMC flap may be used properly in a variety of ways to achieve good results.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Methods ; Muscles ; Myocutaneous Flap* ; Skin ; Surgical Flaps ; Transplants

Four strains of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) were isolated from 4 flocks of broiler or layer chickens affected by hydropericardium syndrome in Korea. These FAdVs were classified as serotype 4 by restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns of hexon genes and whole genomes. The virus exhibited cytopathic effects consisting of rounding, ballooning and clustering in primary chicken embryo liver cell cultures. In transmission electron microscopy, virus particles in hexagonal shape aggregated exclusively in the nuclei of hepatocytes of the chickens as the typical appearances in adenovirus infections. Buoyant density of the virus in cesium chloride (CsCl) was 1.34 g/mL. The virus was stable to chloroform, ether, 50~70% ethanol, acidic condition at pH 3, 0.25% trypsin (1 : 250), heat at 50degrees C for 30 min, but labile to 100% ethanol, heat at 52~60degrees C for 30 min, 1 M MgCl2 at 50degrees C for 1 h, 1 : 2,000 formalin (37%). All of the physicochemical properties pertained to the characteristics of adenoviruses. Eight viral polypeptides were determined in CsCl-purified virus by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Adenoviridae ; Adenoviridae Infections ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cesium ; Chickens ; Chlorides ; Chloroform ; Electrophoresis ; Embryonic Structures ; Ethanol ; Ether, Ethyl ; Formaldehyde ; Genome ; Hepatocytes ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Korea ; Liver ; Magnesium Chloride ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Peptides ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Sodium ; Trypsin ; Virion ; Viruses

PURPOSE: The present study was done to define the degree of intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) causing bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 239 patients with BPH, analyzing age, IPP, prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the results from a pressure-flow study. Urethral resistance was quantified by using the BOO index (BOOI), according to the formula BOOI=PdetQmax-2xQmax (where Pdet is detrusor pressure at the peak flow rate and Qmax is peak flow rate). BOO was defined by a BOOI above 40. Patients with a BOOI below 20 were excluded. Patients were classified into two groups (obstructed and unobstructed groups) by the BOOI. Correlations were determined by logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to estimate the optimal cutoff for IPP. RESULTS: There were significant differences in total prostate volume, postvoiding residual urine (PVR), IPP, and Qmax (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.026, respectively) between the obstructed and unobstructed groups, but there were no significant differences in age (p=0.653), IPSS total score (p=0.624), or quality of life score (p=0.138). IPP had a significant prognosis (p<0.001) but was weakly correlated with prostate volume (p=0.026). The correlation coefficients between IPP and Qmax, PVR, prostate volume, and BOO were 0.551, -0.159, 0.225, and 0.391, respectively. For IPP, the area under the curve was 0.759 (95% confidence interval, 0.657 to 0.861) and the cutoff to indicate BOO was 5.5 mm with 66.7% sensitivity and 80.5% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: An IPP exceeding 5.5 mm was significantly associated with BOO.
Humans ; Indoles ; Logistic Models ; Prognosis ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Tract

PURPOSE: Treatment of impotence has advanced considerably by an orally active, effective and well-tolerated drug, sildenafil citrate. However, Sildenafil citrate is not so effective for the treatment of severe organic impotence patients. Intracavernosal injection of vasoactive substance is still the most effective therapy for those patients but side effects, e.g. pain, priapism, require a more comfortable therapy. We performed this study to assess the feasibility of sildenafil citrate as a new intracavernosal agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In New Zealand white male rabbits (n=11), relaxations of precontracted cavernosal smooth muscle strips were studied after administration of sildenafil citrate, acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively. In separate in vivo experiment, changes of intracavernosal pressure (ICP), duration of increased ICP and changes of systemic arterial blood pressure after retrograde selective internal pudendal arterial administration of four separate doses (0.1 mg, n=5; 0.3 mg, n=6; 0.5 mg, n=7; 1.0 mg, n=7) of sildenafil citrate were monitored in adult male cats (n=25). RESULTS: Acetylcholine, SNP and sildenafil citrate effectively relaxed the precontracted strips in a dose-dependent manner (3x10 8-3x10 3 M), respectively. Maximal relaxation of strips to acetylcholine, SNP and sildenafil citrate were 50.11%, 98.65%, and 68.32%, respectively. The order of potency was acetylcholine Acetylcholine ; Adult ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Cats ; Citric Acid* ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; New Zealand ; Nitroprusside ; Penis ; Priapism ; Rabbits ; Relaxation ; Sildenafil Citrate