Objective: To study the mental health status and influential factors of elderly people in the rural areas. Methods: 714 elderly people were tested by the SCL-90. Results: All the factor scores of SCL-90 of the elderly people in the rural areas were higher than those of the retired people. Some factor scores of SCL-90 of elderly people showed significant differences because of existence of spouse, physical health, filial piety of sons and daughters, and economic independence. Conclusion: The mental health status of elderly people in the rural areas is poorer than that of retired people. Existence of spouse, physical health, filial piety of sons and daughters and economic independence all influence the mental health of elderly people in the rural areas.

Guilty Knowledge Test is a lie-detection procedure elicited by Lykken in 1959. This paper introduces the development of the cognitive rationale of GKT,namely orienting responses (ORs),and the relationship between ORs and the GKT. The paper also analyzes and discusses four paradigms of the GKT and finally points out the main problems existing within the GKT,some relative extended researches exploring for solutions and its trend of development.

Objective:To explore the roles of cognition and deception in the Guilty Knowledge Tests and its effectiveness on the judgement of the guilt and the informed innocent people.Methods:72 healthy undergraduates participated in the study and were randomly assigned to the experimental conditions.This research was composed of one laboratory experiment with the mork crime paradigm in GKT, and the widely measured electrodermal responses(EDRs) as the physiological index.Three response modes were designed in the experiment in order to test the existence of cognition and deception components.Results:Significant differences of judgement scores were observed in different reponse modes and different roles.Conclusion:Deception plays a more important role than cognition in GKT.However, GKT can not efficiently discriminate the guilty and informed innocent people and needs futher exploration.

Objective: To confirm the cognitive rationale of Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) with a polygraph lie-detection test,explore the merits of GKT's variation as narrowing unclear range of guilty knowledge, and to discuss the problems of the commonly used scoring method which was introduced by Lykken initially in order to obtain more scientific scoring method in accordance with the cognitive rationale. Methods:40 college students were chosen as participants.The study was designed under non-motivational instructions and neutral materials of meaningless letter strings. Results: The lie detection accuracy of this research was 73% under standard GKT paradigm (namely, the tester knowing the guilty knowledge clearly) with the scoring method introduced by Lykken, which confirmed the cognitive rationale of GKT. The accuracy of reducing guilty knowledge range from 5 to 2 was 78.4% in the condition of unclear-clue GKT (namely, the tester only knowing the guilty knowledge in the range of five items) with the scoring method of height and vicinity.Conclusion: The accuracy of lie detection with standard GKT in this study is similar to top accuracies of foreign studies with the same pattern and verified the rationale of cognition for GKT. The innovative scoring method suggested in this paper bears merits in application and is worth further studying.

Objective: to examine the relationship between emotional states and skin conductance response during lie- detection and to provide evidence for improvement of lie- detection technique. Methods: 38 university students participat- ed in the study. They were provided with antisocial behavior materials that elicited different levels of emotional arousal. Results: Significant difference in skin conductance response was observed with the high emotionality items eliciting the highest skin conductance response. Conclusion: Under a certain level of pressure, individuals’emotional state has direct impact on skin conductance. High emotionality questions are better for detecting lies and honesty than low emotionality questions. In addition to lying, the questions themselves have direct impact on subjects’emotional responses, which in turn lead to skin conductance response. When cues for emotionality are obvious, related events tend to receive greater at- tention by subjects and thus lead to special skin conductance response.

Objective To explore the neural basis of the visual illusory motion using the event-related potential(ERP).Methods One hundred trials(each duration 2 000 ms)of a visual illusory motion figure,rippling wheat pattern made by Akiyoshi Kitaoka,and a visual static figure made of modified rippling wheat pattern were randomly presented with equal probability.Ten healthy right handed undergraduate students as subjects were asked to judge the stimulus whether motional or not.The EEG was recorded from 128 scalp sites using with electrodes mounted in HydroCel GSN cap(Electrical Geodesics Incorporated,Oregon,USA).Results 1)The C1 component of ERP could be evoked by both visual illusory motion pattern and static pattern in POz.The peak of C1 component was presented about 75 ms after each stimulus.C1 component evoked with visual illusory motion was negative,but it's static pattern to be positive.2)P100 and P200 components could be obviously evoked by both kinds of stimuli,but in O2 the amplitudes of P100 evoked by different stimuli were significant different and in T3 the amplitudes of P200 were significant different too.Conclusion The visual illusory motion is formed at the primary visual cortex.It may be related to the organized mode of perception.