Objective To study the relationship between the six-minute walking test (6-MWT) and pulmonary function in the diagnosis course of chronic bronchitis converting into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Pulmonary function was detected in 360 patients with chronic bronchitis.Based on the results and diagnosis standard of COPD by Chinese Medical Association in 2002, the patients were divided into COPD group and pulmonary function normal group.Tbe walking distance in 6-MWT (6-MWD) was measured, and the mean value of twice tests was calculated to study the correlation between 6-MWT and pulmonary function, and 50 healthy volunteers were selected as control group. Results Most 6-MWD in COPD group were less than 420 meters(95.95%, 142/148 ), but those in pulmonary function normal group were more than or equalled to 420 meters mostly (97.17%, 206/212 ). However in patients with the 6-MWD more than or equalled to 420 meters , pulmonary function indexes such as the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity( FVC ), FEV_1%, maximal ventilatory volume(MVV)were all significantly greater than those in patients with 6-MWD less than 420 meters, and there were significant differences (P<0.05). Compared with chronic bronchitis, the results of 6-MWD in control group was more than or equalled to 420 meters, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05 ). Conclusions 6-MWT is simple and feasible. However, it is a better indicator of the patients pulmonary function. The test would be an effective selecting examination for chronic bronchitis patients who are not willing to do puhnonary function test.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Female ; Hippocampus ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Maze Learning ; Memory ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

FMDV 2A peptide was introduced as a linker between GP5 and M protein of porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) to allow automatic self-cleavage the polyproteins. This strategy simultaneously displayed the neutralizing action of GP5 protein and cell-mediated immunity of M protein. We put them into the expression cassette of adenovirus vector. The results of RT-PCR, IFA and Western blotting showed that GP5 and M protein were not only expressed correctly, but also self-cleavaged and assemble heterodimers formation. To detect the advantages of rAd-GP5-2A-M, we also constructed some other recombinant adenoviruses (rAd-GP5, rAd-M and rAd-GP5-M) as control. After inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c mice, the four recombinant adenoviruses can induce PRRSV-specific antibodies and cell-mediated immune response, but the level of humoral and cell-mediated immune response against PRRSV induced by rAd-GP5-2A-M is the strongest among the four recombinant adenoviruses. All of these suggested that it is possible to develop one multi-gene engineering vaccine utilizing FMDV 2A peptide, and also provided a novel strategy for developing other viral disease vaccine.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Female ; Immunization ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Swine ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology