Highly transient population, multiple sexual partners and high prevalence of unprotected sex behaviors suggest a potential rapid spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in China. However, there are some 200 non-sexually transmitted diseases involving the genitalia, etiologically falling into 23 types. To avoid unnecessary medical disputes, enough attention should be paid to the differential diagnosis of non-sexually transmitted diseases in the genitalia.
Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Skin Diseases, Infectious ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVE: The measurement of tumor-associated antigen as tumor makers in the serum is useful for early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and the determination of remission after therapy in cases of malignancy. A tumor-associated antigen is not always present in all the cells forming the tumor and also be detected in other tumors or normal organs. Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) is a single polypeptide chain without carbohydrate. TPA has immunosuppresive properties in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the cytokeratin tumor marker TPA in early diagnosis of patients with the gynecologic cancer. METHODS: In this study, the levels of TPA were measured in the serum of 61 patients with benign gynecologic tumors, 24 patients with malignant gynecologic neoplasms, and 38 healthy nonpregnant females. Serum TPA level was measured by a "sandwitch technique based" radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: As a result, serum TPA level was 30.4+/-7.6 U/L in control group, 32.6+/-9.4 U/L in benign gynecologic tumor group, 39.1+/-9.8 U/L in malignant gynecologic neoplasm. Serum TPA level was 56.6+/-7.0 U/L in ovarian cancer group. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of TPA was increased in the ovarian cancer group, but it does not seem to be a useful tumor maker for non-ovarian cancer. It would seem that measurement of TPA is useful for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Radioimmunoassay ; Tissue Polypeptide Antigen*

It is often difficult to conclude that improvements in survival with time are due to a screening programme alone. Although a reduction in the death rate from a given cancer may reflect the benefits of early detection or improved treatment, the benefits may also result from lead time bias and over-diagnosis, the former resulting in longer survival of screen-identified cancers because the time before the cancer would have been clinically diagnosed is included in calculations. Furthermore, recent reviews on randomised clinical trials of cancer screening have provided strong evidence that misclassifications in causes of death have been a major problem, leading to an over-estimation of the effectiveness (or alternatively an under-estimation of potential harm) of screening.
Cervix Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female/*diagnosis/epidemiology/mortality ; Human ; Incidence ; Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Risk

Adult ; Broad Ligament ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; diagnosis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Teratoma ; diagnosis ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA/genetics* ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Prognosis

Aged ; Chylous Ascites ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors

Endometriosis has been known as the benign malignancy which encompasses the unpredictable clinical symptoms and signs with formidable personal morbidity. There are many unresolved controversies in terms of the management of endometriosis with the innate chronic gynecologic disease. In many cases of endometriosis patients, the diagnosis might be delayed without the appropriate clinical concerns. Furthermore, the superficial endometriotic lesions will progress into the deeply infiltrating lesions. The malignant transformation such as endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers can be occurred without the adequate surgical removal of ovarian endometriosis. Deeply infiltrating lesions can invade into the vital organs such as ureter, rectum, bladder, and peripheral nerves. These inappropriate clinical evaluation and management will eventually leave the persistent endometeriotic lesions in the female pelvis and these will cause chronic relentless incapacitating pain. These situations will decrease the quality of life in the endometriosis patients. Therefore the liberal use of laparoscopic surgery should be introduced in the clinically suspicious endometriosis patients and the long-term intervention should be provided to avoid recurrences and long-term complications of endometriosis.
Diagnosis ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Pelvis ; Peripheral Nerves ; Quality of Life ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder

The vast majority of malignant tumors involving the vagina are secondary spread from primary malignant lesion of the cervix uteri, the sigmoid colon, the bladder and the vulva. Primary invasive carcinoma of the vagina remains among the rare gynecologic malignant tumor. The diagnosis of primary carcinoma of the vagina requires that the cervix and the vulva be intact and no clinical evidence of other primary tumors exist. Greater than 80-90% of all vaginal tumors are squamous cell type. We experienced two cases of primary vaginal cancer of 68 years old woman without any other gynecologic disease and 67 years old woman after hysterectomy for benign desease. We presented these cases with a brief review of related literatures.
Aged ; Cervix Uteri ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ; Urinary Bladder ; Vagina ; Vaginal Neoplasms* ; Vulva

OBJECTIVES: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB) is defined as abnormal bleeding from the uterine endometrium unrelated to anatomic lesions of the uterus, and its incidence is 10-15% among gynecologic diseases. We conducted this study for understanding correlation between clinical aspecets and pathological findings of DUB. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 599 women with DUB who underwent endometrial biopsy with special regard to the relation between pathologic findings and presenting symtoms or complaints from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1997. RESULTS: Age distribution of DUB was mainly 5th decade, mean age was 44.1years, among various bleeding patterns, intermenstrual bleeding was the most common pattern(31.6%) and the next was menorrhagia(25.0%). Histologic findings of endometrium were proliferative phase, 327 cases(54.6%), hyperplasia, 139 cases(23.2%), secretory phase, 74 cases(12.4%) in order of frequency, and there was no difference in distribution of histologic findings among various bleeding patterns. CONCLUSION: Compared to other previoius studies, our study showed more incidence of endometrial hyperplasia, especially at age group of 40 or more. So patients aged more than this age with abnormal uterine bleeding must undergo emdometrial biopsy for pathologic diagnosis. Patients who are diagnosed endometrial hyperplasia must be carefully followed up because there are possibilities of progression to endometrial carcinoma.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Endometrium ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Metrorrhagia* ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, quality of life of patients with gynecologic cancer. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey design. We collected 130 patients with gynecologic cancer. They complete a self reported questionnaire including items related neuropathy and quality of life (FACT-GOG/Ntx subscale, FACT-G scale). RESULTS: The neuropathy score was 14.3+/-7.9. The quality of life score was 64.8+/-16.4. The neuropathy induced significant difference according to diabetic status, difficulties in performing household chores and willing to discontinuity of chemotherapy. And duration of cancer diagnosis, neuropathy, number of total chemo agent associated with quality of life. There was a negative correlation between number of total chemo agent and quality of life. Neuropathy independently affected quality of life. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy of patients with gynecologic cancer adversely affected women's quality of life and activities of daily living. To improve patient's quality of life, it is important that accurate assess and appropriately manage neuropathy in patients with gynecologic cancer.
Activities of Daily Living ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; Humans ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Report