ObjectiveHuman papilloma virus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer and is also closely related to penile cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and anal cancer in males. However, few studies are reported on male HPV. This study aimed to investigate HPV infection of the external genitalia in men whose female partners have cervical HPV infection.

METHODSWe collected the relevant data on the male outpatients whose partners had cervical HPV infection in our Department of Urology and Andrology from August to December 2016. We obtained samples with nylon swabs from the glans penis, corona, inner layer of the prepuce and penile body and detected different types of HPV infection using the Hybribio HPV typing kit, PCR and membrane hybridization.

RESULTSValid data were collected from 140 males, which showed 83.5% of HPV infection of the external genitalia, including 60 cases of HPV6 (43.2%), 27 cases of HPV16 (19.4%), 14 cases of HPV39 (10.1%), 13 cases of HPV18 (9.4%), 13 cases of HPV58 (9.4%), and 13 cases of HPV52 (9.4%). Redundant prepuce was found in 75.5% of the males, but there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of HPV infection between the normal and redundant prepuce groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMen who have the female partners with positive cervical HPV are at high risk of HPV infection and therefore need to be screened and treated so as to reduce HPV infection in both sexes.

Female ; Foreskin ; virology ; Genital Diseases, Female ; virology ; Genital Diseases, Male ; virology ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Papillomaviridae ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; Penile Neoplasms ; virology ; Penis ; abnormalities ; virology ; Phimosis ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sexual Partners ; Specimen Handling ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; virology

Hennekam syndrome (HS) is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by defective lymphatic development. A 34-month-old boy with HS and who had unexplained developmental retardation and hypoalbuminemia as main clinical manifestations is reported here. He had a history of generalized edema and poor feeding. He was not thriving well. He manifested as facial anomalies (hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge and flat face), fracture of teeth, and superficial lymph nodes enlargement. He had low serum total protein, low serum albumin, and low serum immunoglobulin levels. Duodenal bulb biopsy revealed lymphangiectasia. Color Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and CT scan showed multi-site lymphangioma, and HS was thus confirmed. Mutations in CCBE1 and FAT4 have been found responsible for the syndrome in a part of patients. Diagnosis of the disease depends on the familial history, clinical signs, pathological findings and genetic tests.
Child, Preschool ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Lymphedema ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Male ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo report a case of simple congenital bilateral ejaculatory duct absence (EDA) complicated with seminal vesicle cyst and review the relevant literature in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of a case of bilateral congenital EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst, reviewed the relevant literature at home and abroad, and comprehensively analyzed the embryonic development, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital EDA.

RESULTSThe patient was a 23-year-old man, present at the clinic for infertility after married for a year. Vasography and other imaging examinations confirmed simple congenital bilateral EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst. Pathologic biopsy showed normal spermatogenic function of the testes.

CONCLUSIONCongenital EDA originates from embryonic developmental defect of the mesonephric duct, and it can be confirmed by vasography. Transurethral incision of the ejaculatory duct and intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be employed for the treatment of bilateral EDA.

Cysts ; complications ; diagnosis ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; abnormalities ; Genital Diseases, Male ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminal Vesicles

Male genital lichen sclerosus (MGLSc) is a chronically relapsing disease characterized by a long course, gradual aggravation, and a tendency towards malignancy. Once called balanitis xerotica obliterans, MGLSc has a distinct predilection for the prepuce and glans, involving the urethra when aggravating, forming scarring tissues, and causing urethral stricture, which may seriously affect the patients'quality of life with such symptoms as urinary stream narrowing, dysuria, and painful penile erection. The etiology and pathogenesis of MGLSc have not yet been adequately explained though it is generally thought to be associated with autoimmune mechanism, genetic factors, infections, local trauma, and chronic urinary irritation. MGLSc can be fairly easily diagnosed according to its clinical manifestations and histopathological results, but can be hardly cured. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the most important approaches, which may relieve its symptoms, check its progression, and prevent its long-term sequelae. Ultrapotent topical corticosteroids are the choice for the treatment of MGLSc. For those who fail to respond to expectant medication or have dysuria due to urethral stricture and painful erection, rational surgery may be resorted to, with importance attached to long-term follow-up. This article presents an update of the diagnosis and treatment of MGLSc and MGLSc-induced urethral stricture.
Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Urethral Stricture ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo improve the sample collection methods and bacteriologic localization patterns in male genital tract infection, and to investigate the influence of specimen collection and pathogen isolation on the diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis.

METHODSWe collected the samples of the initial urinary stream, the third portion of the urinary stream, expressed prostatic secretion (ESP), and semen from 200 adult males with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms, inoculated them quantitatively in culture media for isolation of microorganisms, and evaluated their laboratory diagnostic significance according to the count of colonies and distribution of the isolates.

RESULTSA total of 468 strains of microorganisms were isolated from the samples, including 414 strains of bacteria spp (88.5%), 12 strains of fungi spp (2.6%), 40 strains of mycoplasma spp (8.5%), and 2 strains of chlamydia spp (0.4%). Pathogens were isolated from the ESP in 66 cases (33.0%), from the semen in 34 cases (17.0%), and from both the ESP and semen in 100 cases (50.0%). Only 1 species of pathogen was found in the ESP samples of 36 cases (18.0%), in the semen samples of 20 cases (10%), and in both the ESP and semen samples of 39 cases (19.5%); 2 species in the ESP samples of 30 cases (15.0%), in the semen samples of 14 cases (7.0%), and in both the ESP and semen samples of 60 cases (30.0%); and 3 species in both the ESP and semen samples of 1 case (0.5%).

CONCLUSIONMultiple microbial infection (MMI), multi-organ infection (MOI) and drug-resistance strains infection are common in patients with prostatitis-like symptoms, frequently leading to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis in clinic and laboratory, and affecting the effect of antimicrobial therapy. MMI and MOI can be diagnosed and differentially diagnosed with the improved sample collection methods and bacteriologic localization patterns.

Adult ; Bacterial Load ; Chronic Disease ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatitis ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Reproductive Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Semen ; microbiology ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Urethra ; microbiology

PURPOSE: A seminal vesicle cyst in combination with ipsilateral renal agenesis is rarely encountered. We present cases of this disease entity with symptoms, which were treated with a laparoscopic approach as a minimally invasive surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We experienced 4 patients with seminal vesicle cysts and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The mean age was 45.8 years. Chief complaints were perineal pain and hematospermia. Seminal vesicle cysts and remnant ureters were excised by laparoscopic surgery with transperitoneal approaches. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 133.8 minutes. The mean hospital stay was 6.8 days. There were no operative complications or transfusions. CONCLUSION: In our report, patients of congenital seminal vesicle cyst associated with renal agenesis are presented. Laparoscopy is considered a minimal invasive management of these combined anomalies, providing a good image and an easy approach.
Adult ; Aged ; Cysts/*congenital/*diagnosis/surgery ; Genital Diseases, Male/congenital/diagnosis/surgery ; Humans ; Kidney/*abnormalities/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seminal Vesicles/*pathology/radiography/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Chronic infection of a seminal vesicle cyst is an extremely rare disorder worldwide. To date, only two cases, which were diagnosed initially by the use of contrast-enhanced CT or non-enhanced MR imaging, have been reported in the literature. We report here a case of a 78-year-old man with chronic infection of a seminal vesicle cyst to illustrate the usefulness of the pelvic contrast-enhanced MRI in making a definitive diagnosis of the rare disorder. In addition, a brief review of the relevant literature is presented.
Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Cysts/*diagnosis ; Genital Diseases, Male/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Infection/diagnosis ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; *Seminal Vesicles

Highly transient population, multiple sexual partners and high prevalence of unprotected sex behaviors suggest a potential rapid spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in China. However, there are some 200 non-sexually transmitted diseases involving the genitalia, etiologically falling into 23 types. To avoid unnecessary medical disputes, enough attention should be paid to the differential diagnosis of non-sexually transmitted diseases in the genitalia.
Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Skin Diseases, Infectious ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, misdiagnosis and treatment of pelvic vas deferens abscess.

METHODSThe clinical data of one case of pelvic vas deferens abscess were reported and the relevant literature was reviewed.

RESULTSThe patient underwent incision and drainage of pelvic vas deferens abscess. After the catheter was removed, he could urinate easily. With a follow-up of one year, he was found free of dysuria and recurrence.

CONCLUSIONPelvic vas deferens abscess tends to be misdiagnosed when enwrapped. Surgical procedures are the most effective treatment for this disease.

Abscess ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Aged ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvis ; Treatment Outcome ; Vas Deferens

BACKGROUNDCandida albicans (C. albicans) infection, often occurring in genital candidiasis, has increased dramatically recently. Developing an efficient C. albicans typing method may contribute to understanding its epidemiological characteristics and guiding efficient treatment. We used rapid microsatellite genotyping assay for interstrain differentiation of C. albicans isolates and explored some characteristics of its spread.

METHODSDNA was extracted from C. albicans isolates from gentalia, recta and mouths of 39 female cases and 27 male cases of genital candidiasis. Three fluorescent primers for the microsatellite markers in conserved genes (CDC3, EF3 and HIS3) of C. albicans were used to amplify the isolates DNA by PCR. Fluorescent signals were read with an automatic sequencer and analyzed with GeneScan software.

RESULTSAnalysis of the three microsatellites markers showed 18 gene allelic associations in genital C. albicans infected patients: 10 allelic associations in female and 11 allelic associations in male, of which 3 allelic associations shared by both genders covered 71% of infections. The most dominant allele association of pathogenic strains for both genders was 116:124, 122:131, 160:200 that covered about 50% of infection. Gentalia and recta shared the same strains in 80% of female patients, but in only 3.8% of male patients. There were 2.7% female patients, but no males, with same strain in both gentalia and mouths. Five of seven genital C. albicans infected couples had the same allelic associations of which 4 were the dominant pathogenic C. albicans susceptible for both genders.

CONCLUSIONSThe predominant allelic association of the pathogenic strain in genital C. albicans infection is 116:124, 122:131, 160:200. Vaginal pathogenic strains are probably maintained from the rectal reservoir. Pathogenic strains of male patients are probably from frequent sexual intercourse. The aggressiveness of some strains varies with gender.

Adult ; Candida albicans ; classification ; genetics ; Candidiasis ; diagnosis ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal ; diagnosis ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnosis ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Rectum ; microbiology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tongue ; microbiology