Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Teratoma ; pathology

The Change in interleukin-2 (IL-2) production of splenocyte and its relationship with suppressor T cell (Ts) were studied in mice after trauma. The results showed that IL-2 production was reduced, number of Ts was increased and activity of Ts correlated with reduced IL-2 production. Removal of Ts from splenocyte improved IL-2 production in traumatized mice. It is suggested that Ts is activated after trauma, resulting in impaired IL-2 production.

Background Light-induced retinal damage models vary as many influence factors,herein the modeling method is difficult to copy.It is necessary to establish the grading standardization of retinal damage after retinal light exposure.Objective This study was to improve the modeling method and establish a grading standardization for light-induced retinal damage in rat.Methods Twenty-four SPF 8-10 week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and 6 eyes for each group.The rats were exposed to light intense of 5000 lx for 1,2,3 hours respectively in 3 groups,and other 6 rats served as the normal group.Full-field light exposure experiment was performed for each individual rat separately,and an annular illumination box was used tO ensure the experimental rat moving in a single direction and exposing the right eye in 5000 lx light surrounding during experimental duration.Ganzfeid electroretinogram(ERG)was recorded from the experimental rats at the fifth day after light exposure,and the animals were then sacrificed for histopathology observation to evaluate the retinal thickness change.All procedures which involved animals adhered to the ARVO Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research.Results After exposing to intensity light for 1,2,3 hours,the b-wave amplitudes of rod response,maximal mixed response,oscillatory potential in scotopic ERG as well as cone response,20 Hz flicker response of photopic ERG were significant declined as lapse of light exposure time(F=71.690,P=0.000；F=56.250,P=0.000；F=23.610,P=0.000：F=27.130,P=0.000；F=27.030,P=0.000)and lowed by 26.2％,52.5％,70.7％,24.4％,39.3％,58.1％respectively at the end of experiment.Meanwhile,the b-wave latencies of rod response,maximal mixed response in scotopic ERG as well as cone response of photopic ERG were evidently different among different groups (F=1.370,P=0.282；F：0.800,P=0.508；F=11.840,P=0.000；F=2.080,P=0.136).Light induced retinal damage located mainly at the temporal retina area.After intensity light exposure for 1,2,3 hours,the thickness of outer nuclear layer at the superior temporal retina attenuated by 11.3％,25.6％and 72.5％,respectively(P<0.05).A significant difference was seen in mean thickness of outer nuclear layer at superior temporal retina among different groups(F=410.27,P=0.000). Conclusion A standardized grading method for light-induced retinal damage is recommended.The continuous illumination in a intensity of 5000 Ix for 1,2,3 hours can induce the mild,moderate or severe retinal damage respectively at temporal retina.

Objective To investigate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with ultrafiltration in treatment of kidney injury induced by serious hemorrhagic shock in rabbits.Methods Models of pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock was developed in 24 New Zealand white rabbits which were divided into unresuscitation group (n =8),ECMO combined with ultrafiltration group (combined resuscitation group,n =8),and fluid resuscitation group (n =8) according to the random number table.Heart rate was monitored via electrocardiograph and arterial pressure via fermoral artery catheter.Blood samples were collected pre-and post-shock and after resuscitation to measure levels of lactic acid,serum creatinine,IL-6,and TNF-α.Kidney samples were collected for measurement of histopathological changes via HE staining,expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) via immunohistochemical staining.Results Arterial pressure was (53.1 ± 11.4) mmHg in combined resuscitation group,higher than (41.3 ± 11.1) mmHg in fluid resuscitation group and (25.9 ± 10.5) mmHg in unresuscitation group (F =41.425,P ＜ 0.05).Hemorrhagic shock induced significant up-regulation of lactic acid,serum creatinine,IL-6,and TNF-α(P ＜ 0.05),but all were lowered after resuscitation,especially in combined resuscitation group (P ＜ 0.05).HE staining showed the degree of kidney tissue necrosis and inflammatory cytokine infiltration in combined resuscitation group alleviated notably compared with fluid resuscitation group.Median and interquartile values of HSP70 were 17 828.960 0 (15 779.865 0-21 751.980 0) in unresuscitation group,2 714.270 0 (1 339.215 0-7 616.950 0) in fluid resuscitation group,and 262.930 0 (198.820 0-538.195 0) in combine resuscitation group,with statistical differences among groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ECMO combined with ultrafiltration is superior to conventional fluid resuscitation in improving hypoxia tissue injury and inflammatory reaction after hemorrhagic shock and is beneficial to attenuating kidney injury.

Objective To explore the relationship between subjective and objective scoring in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Methods The clinical data of 159 patients with chronic rhiuosinusitis were analyzed.SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the data.Pearson regression was used to analyze the relationship.Results The Pearson correlation coefficient r between VAS score(16.380 ±5.809)and the whole discomfort (5.070 ± 1.361) was 0.710,there was correlation (P ＜ 0.01).The Pearson correlation coefficient r between Lund-Kennedy score (3.724 ± 1.107) and Lund-Mackay score (5 983 ± 2.984) was 0.513,there was correlation (P ＜ 0.01).The Pearson correlation coefficient r between VAS score and Lunnd-Kennedy score was 0.417,there was correlation (P ＜0.05).VAS score had no correlation with Lund-Mackay (r =0.113,P ＞ 0.05).The whole discomfort had no correlation with Lund-Kennedy score and Lund-Mackay score (r value were 0.309 and 0.022,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The subjective and objective score of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps were contradictive sometimes.

Objective To explore the clinical effect and the influence factors after endoscopic surgery for chronic sinusitis.Methods The clinical data of 337 patients with chronic sinusitis treated by endoscopic surgery were analyzed,including gender,age,culture level,course of the disease,the days of hospitalization,medical history,smoking,drinking,early surgery history,allergic rhinitis (AR) history,clinical classification,visual analogue scale (VAS) score,nasal endoscopy score,nasal polyps,CT examination score,side,nasal adhesion and postoperative follow-up compliance.The clinical effect of endoscopic sinus surgery was evaluated 6 months after operation according to the 1997 Haikou standard.SPSS 18.0 software and conducted chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results Three hundred and thirty-seven chronic sinusitis patients were followed up after endoscopic surgery.It was found that 298 cases (88.4％) cured,29 cases (8.6％) improved,10 cases (3.0％)invalid.The clinical curative effect of the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp was better than that of the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =10.932,P ＜ 0.01).After many factors Logistic regression analysis,the most important effect factor in the clinical curative effect were clinical type,AR or not,VAS score,nasal endoscopic examination score,CT examination score,multiple nasal polyp or not,postoperative nasal adhesion or not and postoperative follow-up compliance.Conclusion The clinical effective of endoscopic sinus surgery is influenced by not only surgery itself,but also by clinical classification,whether and not with AR and so on.

BACKGROUNDNatural disasters have been frequent in recent years. Effective treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease following natural disasters is an unsolved problem. We aimed to develop a novel miniature mobile cardiac catheterization laboratory (Mini Mobile Cath Lab) to provide emergency interventional services for patients with critical cardiovascular disease following natural disasters. A feasibility study was performed by testing the Mini Mobile Cath Lab on dogs with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) model in a hypothetical natural-disaster-stricken area.

METHODSThe Mini Mobile Cath Lab was transported to the hypothetical natural-disaster-stricken area by truck. Coronary angiography and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were performed on six dogs with STEMI model. The transportation and transformation of the Mini Mobile Cath Lab were monitored and its functioning was evaluated through the results of animal experiments.

RESULTSThe Mini Mobile Cath Lab could be transported by truck at an average speed of 80 km/h on mountain roads during daytime in the winter, under conditions of light snow (-15°C to -20°C/-68°F to -59°F). The average time required to prepare the Mini Mobile Cath Lab after transportation, in a wetland area, was 30 minutes. Coronary angiography, and primary PCI were performed successfully.

CONCLUSIONThis preliminary feasibility study of the use of the Mini Mobile Cath Lab for emergency interventional treatment of dogs with STEMI indicated that it may perform well in the rescue of critical cardiovascular disease following natural disasters.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; therapy ; Coronary Angiography ; Disasters ; Dogs ; Electrocardiography ; Feasibility Studies ; Laboratories ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy

Objective:To investigate the prognosis of severe hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants who met the exchange transfusion criteria and were treated by blood exchange transfusion and phototherapy.Methods:A total of 168 full-term infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia who met the criteria for exchange transfusion and were hospitalized in the Neonatology Department of seven tertiary hospitals in Hebei Province from June 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively included. According to the treatment protocol, they were divided into two groups: exchange transfusion group (38 cases) and phototherapy group (130 cases). Two independent sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the clinical manifestations and follow-up results between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis. Results:Neonatal severe hyperbilirubinemia in the exchange transfusion and phototherapy group were both mainly caused by hemolytic disease [42.1%(16/38) and 29.2%(38/130)], sepsis [28.9%(11/38) and 11.5%(15/130)] and early-onset breastfeeding jaundice [15.8%(6/38) and 11.5%(15/130)]. Total serum bilirubin level on admission in the exchange transfusion group was significantly higher than that in the phototherapy group [(531.7±141.3) vs (440.0±67.4) μmol/L, t=3.870, P<0.001]. Moreover, the percentage of patients with mild, moderate and severe acute bilirubin encephalopathy in the exchange transfusion group were higher than those in the phototherapy group [15.8%(6/38) vs 3.8%(5/130), 7.9%(3/38) vs 0.8%(1/130), 13.2%(5/38) vs 0.0%(0/130); χ2=29.119, P<0.001]. Among the 168 patients, 135 were followed up to 18-36 months of age and 12 showed poor prognosis (developmental retardation or hearing impairment) with four in the exchange transfusion group (12.9%, 4/31) and eight in the phototherapy group (7.7%, 8/104). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that for full-term infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia who met the exchange transfusion criteria, phototherapy alone without blood exchange transfusion as well as severe ABE were risk factors for poor prognosis ( OR=14.407, 95% CI: 1.101-88.528, P=0.042; OR=16.561, 95% CI: 4.042-67.850, P<0.001). Conclusions:Full-term infants who have severe hyperbilirubinemia and meet the exchange transfusion criteria should be actively treated with blood exchange transfusion, especially for those with severe ABE, so as to improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the potential of neural stem cells (NSCs) injected into the cistema magna to migrate into the injured brain tissue to survive and differentiate into neural cells in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Embryonic NSCs cultured in vitro were labeled with BrdU and identified using immunofluorescence assay for nestin and BrdU expression. The labeled NSCs were stereotactically injected into the subarachnoid spaces of rats 24 h after experimental traumatic brain injury. The motor neurological function of the rats was assessed 24 h before and 24 h and 1 and 2 weeks after the injury, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of BrdU, MAP2 and GFAP in the brain tissues. Results Positive expressions of nestin and BrdU were detected on the neurospheres by immunofluorescence assay. NSC transplantation resulted in significantly improved motor neurological function of the rats with traumatic brain injury (P<0.05). Immtmohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of BrdU-positive NSCs, MAP2-positive neurons and GFAP-positive glial cells in the traumatic brain tissue of rats 1 and 2 weeks after NSC transplantation. Conclusion Neural stem cells injected via the subarachnoid space can migrate into the injured rat brain tissue and differentiate into neural cells to promote the recovery of motor neurological function of rats with traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a new animal model of grading skeletal muscle contusions that could be controllable and repetitive. METHODS: The rats' gastrocnemius was injured by a new weight-dropping device designed. The force acting on gastrocnemius with a comparatively constant duration and inducing elastic deformation of the gastrocnemius was expressed with velocity (v) and deformation (DF). Instant velocity was changed to create gastrocnemius contusions. Pathological changes of gastrocnemius were graded by the gross and histological examinations of 39 rats. RESULTS: At low level of impact (v: 2 m/s, DF: 5.5 mm), mild injuries were detected in epimysium and superficial layer of gastrocnemius. At moderate level of impact (v: 2.5 m/s, DF: 6.5 mm), the injuries were observed in epimysium and whole gastrocnemius. At high level of impact (v: 3 m/s, DF: 7.5 mm), severe injuries were seen deeper to soleus with more extensive skeletal muscle damage. CONCLUSION Grading of skeletal muscle blunt force contusion is created by parameter of velocity and muscle deformation. The model could be used for further research on skeletal muscle contusions.
Animals ; Contusions/classification* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Forensic Pathology ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/injuries* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating