Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Carcinosarcoma ; pathology ; Chondroma ; pathology ; Chondrosarcoma ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Nephrectomy ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; etiology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: No convincing modalities have been shown to completely prevent postdural puncture headache (PDPH) after accidental dural puncture (ADP) during obstetric epidural procedures. We aimed to evaluate the role of epidural administration of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in preventing PDPH following ADP, regarding the prophylactic efficacy and side effects. METHODS: Between January 2019 and February 2021, patients with a recognized ADP during epidural procedures for labor or cesarean delivery were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the prophylactic strategies for the development of PDPH at a single tertiary hospital. The development of PDPH, severity and duration of headache, adverse events associated with prophylactic strategies, and hospital length of stay postpartum were reported. RESULTS: A total of 105 patients experiencing ADP received a re-sited epidural catheter. For PDPH prophylaxis, 46 patients solely received epidural analgesia, 25 patients were administered epidural HES on epidural analgesia, and 34 patients received two doses of epidural HES on and after epidural analgesia, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the incidence of PDPH across the groups (epidural analgesia alone, 31 [67.4%]; HES-Epidural analgesia, ten [40.0%]; HES-Epidural analgesia-HES, five [14.7%]; P <0.001). No neurologic deficits, including paresthesias and motor deficits related to prophylactic strategies, were reported from at least 2 months to up to more than 2 years after delivery. An overall backache rate related to HES administration was 10%. The multivariable regression analysis revealed that the HES-Epidural analgesia-HES strategy was significantly associated with reduced risk of PDPH following ADP (OR = 0.030, 95% confidence interval: 0.006-0.143; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The incorporated prophylactic strategy was associated with a great decrease in the risk of PDPH following obstetric ADP. This strategy consisted of re-siting an epidural catheter with continuous epidural analgesia and two doses of epidural HES, respectively, on and after epidural analgesia. The efficacy and safety profiles of this strategy have to be investigated further.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Post-Dural Puncture Headache/epidemiology* ; Anesthesia, Obstetrical/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Punctures ; Starch ; Blood Patch, Epidural

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sensitizing potential of Shuanghuanglian Injection (SHL) by comparing the popliteal lymph node (PLN) response in mice induced by SHL and chemicals.

METHODSSixty female C57BL/6J mice were equally and randomly divided into six groups, i.e. the blank control group (A) and five treated groups treated respectively with phenobarbital 1 mg/mouse (B), mercuric chloride ( HgCl2) 50 microg/mouse (C), D-penicillamine 2 mg/mouse (D), and SHL in low (1 mg/mouse) and high (5 mg/mouse) dosages (E and F) via subcutaneous injection into left pad of hind foot. Animals were sacrificed on the 8th day after injection, their bilateral PLNs were isolated and weighed respectively to calculate the PLN mass index (MI). Then the PLNs get from four mice in each group were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution for histopathologic examination; the other six PLNs were prepared into single-cell suspensions to calculate cell index (CI) for comparing the changes of PLN in various groups.

RESULTSMI and CI in Group F reached to > or = 2 and > or = 5 (average) respectively, which was higher than those in Group A (P<0.05). Pathological examination showed that the left PLN in Group F enlarged, with remarkable germinal center and increased high endothelial venules proliferation.

CONCLUSIONSHL could induce significant PLN response in C57BL/6J mice, suggesting it has certain sensitizing potential.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Hypersensitivity ; pathology ; Local Lymph Node Assay ; Lymph Nodes ; drug effects ; immunology ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Female ; Glucosyltransferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) property of carcinoma cells by blocking transcription of activating sites of mdr-1.

METHODSBreast carcinoma cells were transinfected with several antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) complementary to mdr-1 by lipofectin. RT-PCR was used to detect the production of mdr-1mRNA. The expression of P-glycoprotein (gp) was then detected by immunohistochemistry and the function of P-gp was detected by rhodamine123 retention.

RESULTSForty-eight hours after transfection, mdr-1 index of cells treated by ASODN complementary to MA zone (major initiation start zone), MI (minor initiation start zone), C zone (CAAT box), G zone (GC box) of mdr-1 gene was 1.4, 1.9, 1.6 and 2.1 respectively. The rate of P-gp protein expression in treated cells was 14%, 43%, 26% and 39% respectively. The intracellular Rh123 retention in treated cells was 125%, 83%, 102% and 77% respectively. There was significant difference between cells treated by ASODN complementary to MA zone and C zone and drug-resistant cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe ASODN complementary to MA zone and C zone of mdr-1 gene can reverse MDR of drug-resistant cells to various extent, amongst which the former is more effective. Down-regulating transcription of mdr-1 by blocking transcription activating sites can reduce the expression of mdr-1mRNA and P-gp, and thus reversing MDR of carcinoma cells. The ASODN complementary to MI zone, G zone of mdr-1 however do not significantly reverse the MDR property.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; genetics ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; genetics

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD2 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; CD4 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Poly(A)-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Skin Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1 ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo stably reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) of breast carcinoma cells in vitro.

METHODSTwo anti-mdr-1 ribozyme plasmids, RZ196 and RZ179, were constructed with EGFP as reporter gene and transfected into drug-resistant breast carcinoma cells in vitro. The expression of EGFP was observed by laser confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry, RT-PCR and Rhodamine123 efflux assay were used to detect P-glyco protein (p-gp) and mdr-1 mRNA.

RESULTSAfter transfection with RZ196 and RZ179, the mdr-1 indices were reduced from 2.20 to 0.76 and 1.40, the expression rates of p-gp were reduced from 55.0% to 4.6% and 18.2%, the fluorescence intensity increased from 22.0% to 46.2% and 70.1%, TCL reduced from 75% to 28% and 43% respectively. In addition, the expression of ribozyme plasmid in tumor cells was stable under G418 selection. After two months, the mdr-1 indices remained at 0.81 and 1.47 in the cells transfected RZ196 and RZ179 respectively. The expression rates of p-gp were 5.2% and 19.5% and the Rh123 fluorescence intensity was 51.4% and 71.6% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSBoth anti-mdr-1 ribozyme RZ196 and RZ179 can stably reverse MDR phenotype of breast carcinoma cells in vitro. RZ196 construct appears to be more effective.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genes, MDR ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; RNA, Catalytic ; genetics ; Retroviridae ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the reversing effect of Grape seed polyphenol (GSP) on multidrug resistance of MCF-7/ADR cell in vivo.

METHODSThe transplantable breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7/ADR model was established in BALB/C-nu/nu mice by subcutaneous implantation. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to investigate the changes of Pgp expression and apoptosis rate after different drug treatment.

RESULTSGSP has some effect on inhibition of tumor growth (the rate of inhibition was 18.35%), and combined with adriamycin can significantly inhibit tumor growth in nude mice, 20 mg/kg GSP can effectively reverse the resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells to ADR in vivo, and the rate of inhibition was 54.64%. FCM results showed that the expression of Pgp was significantly decreased (32.03 +/- 2.09) After administration of GSP and ADR, there was distinct difference between it and control (55.13 +/- 2.12). The mean rate of apoptosis was 15.12% +/- 1.04%, and was significantly increased compared with control (9.07% +/- 0.43%), P < 0.05.

CONCLUSIONGSP can effectively reversed the resistance of MCF-7/ADR cells in nude mice, the mechanism may be correlated with inhibition of Pgp expression and apoptosis.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Seeding ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; Polyphenols ; Seeds ; Vitis

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

BACKGROUNDBlocking the 4-1BB/4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) signal may modulate the secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines and prolong the survival of the grafts, which play a key role in organ transplantation tolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of blockade of the 4-1BB/4-1BBL co-stimulatory pathway with 4-1BBL monoclonal antibody (mAB) in acute rejection of rat orthotopic liver transplantation.

METHODSThe orthotopic liver transplantation model was set up, while male Lewis rats were used as liver donors and Brown-Norway rats as recipients. The recipient rats were intravenously injected with anti 4-1BBL mAB or isotype control antibody. Groups were monitored for graft survival after transplantation. Plasma chemistry, including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and bilirubin (BIL), was assayed. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in plasma were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Allograft histology images were collected under light microscope and electron microscope.

RESULTSIsotype antibody treated recipients exhibited elevated plasma levels of liver injury markers including AST, ALT and BIL, progressive portal and venous inflammation and cellular infiltration of the liver allografts, and a mean graft survival time (MST) of 10.9 days. Administration of anti 4-1BBL mAB resulted in a decrease in plasma levels of liver injury markers and the concentrations of IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-gamma. The histological grade of rejection on day 7 decreased and MST (17.3 days) increased substantially.

CONCLUSIONSThese results demonstrate that attenuation of acute rejection follows the blockade of the 4-1BB/4-1BBL co-stimulatory pathway with 4-1BBL monoclonal antibody and strongly suggest it is a promising strategy to prevent progression of graft rejection by suppressing T cell-mediated immunity.

4-1BB Ligand ; immunology ; Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Graft Rejection ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Liver Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew