Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infection ; complications ; Jugular Veins ; pathology ; Male ; Pharynx ; Rupture ; etiology

Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Carcinosarcoma ; pathology ; Chondroma ; pathology ; Chondrosarcoma ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Nephrectomy ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; etiology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Professional assessment in Chinese Higher Education has made great progress in three stages: the sporadic practice, trial and promotion. The authors present several comments on the characteristics and the professional assessment standards of clinical pharmacy in China, and focus on the scientific system of professional assessment.

The change of yield and contents. of active compositions were studied while the fibrous roots were decayed naturally. HPLC method was used to detect the contents of active composition. The results show that fibrousroots could decrease the production of plant by 38.60% (20 g) and 30.99% (40 g), respectively. Treatment 1 could increase the contents of dihydrotanshinone and cryptotanshinone of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba by 26.08% and 22.64%, respectively. Compared with the comparison, treatment 2 decreased the contents of ihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone II(A) of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba by 60.87%, 79.24%, 84.61% and 88.99%, respectively. Meanwhile, the total contents of the liposoluble constituents reduced by 86.27%. The different concentration of fibrousroots could increase the content of salvianolic acid B by 4.98% (20 g) and 23.64% (40 g), respectively. Meanwhile, the content of rosemary acid was increased by 4.98% (20 g) and 23.64% (40 g), respectively. The content of water-soluble constituents positively correlated to the mount of added fibrousroots, and the change was significantly. The result indicted that the decay of fibrousroots has a significant impact on the growth and the content of the active composition of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba under the condition of continuous cropping. Fibrousroots could decrease the content of biomass and liposoluble constituents significantly, which maybe one of the main factors to S. miltiorrhiza f. alba continuous cropping obstacle formation.
Benzofurans ; analysis ; Biomass ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; growth & development

The aim of this study is to screen out the monoclonal antibody reactive to a kind of endothelial cell line (ECV304) from SZ-1, -2, -21, -22, -51, -65, -262 and explore its function of anti-angiogenesis. The inhibitory effects of monoclonal antibody reactive to ECV304 and human lung carcinom cells (A549) adhesion and migration to extracellular matrix proteins (i.e, fibronectin and collagen IV) were studied by ELISA, the inhibition of angiogenesis in vivo was analyzed by chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays, the percentage of apoptotic cells in A549 cells was assayed by flow cytometric Annexin-V-FITC/PI dual labeling technique. The results showed that SZ-21 exhibited inhibitory effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV304) and pulmonary cancer cell line (A549) adhesion and migration to extracellular matrix proteins (i.e, fibronectin and collagen IV). In addition, it disrupted ongoing angiogenesis on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. SZ-21 also induced apoptosis of the A549 cells. In conclusion, SZ-21 inhibits angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro by blocking integrin beta(3) and inducing apoptosis. SZ-21 recognized the sequence beta(3) 28 - 35 which is far away from the RGD ligation site on GPIIIa. Integrin may interact the extracellular matrix via recognition sites other than RGD sequence.
Allantois ; blood supply ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Chick Embryo ; Chorion ; blood supply ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Integrin beta3 ; immunology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of benazepril (one of angiotesin converting enzymes) on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the change of microvessel density (MVD) in the remnant kidney of rats that undergone 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (STNx). METHODS: The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were performed 5/6 nephrectomy to produce chronic renal failure, and randomly divided into a model group (STNx group), a STNx combined with benazepril group (Benazepril group), and a sham group that served as normal controls. Pathological changes of the remnant kidney were evaluated at the 8th week after gastric gavage. Immunohistochemistry Methods were used to examine the expression of VEGF and MVD in the remnant kidney, and the correlation was determined between VEGF, MVD and glomerulosclerosis index (GSI), tubulointerstitial score (TIS), BUN, and creatinine (Cr). RESULTS: UP, BUN, Cr, GSI, and TIS significantly decreased in the benazepirl group (P<0.05); and the expression of VEGF and MVD significant increased (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF was positively related to MVD (P<0.05), and there was negative correlation between VEGF, MVD and GSI, TIS, BUN, Cr (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The decrease of the expression of VEGF and MVD in the remnant kidney may be involved in the progressive remnant kidney fibrosis and renal function. Benazepril can significantly relieve the remnant kidney fibrosis and protect the renal function by increasing the expression of VEGF and MVD in the remnant kidney.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Benzazepines ; pharmacology ; Capillaries ; drug effects ; Kidney ; blood supply ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Renal Insufficiency ; prevention & control ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of allogenic strut bone graft and instrumentation for anterior cervical fusion following subtotal corpectomy and decompression in cervical myelopathy.

METHODSThirty-five patients with cervical myelopathy were treated by the procedure of allogenic strut bone graft and instrumentation for anterior cervical fusion following subtotal corpectomy and decompression. The preoperative average JOA scale score was 8.7 point (Range 4-15).

RESULTSSixty-nine vertebral were corpectomized and 104 levels were decompressed and fused with an average of 3 levels. Among the cases, 1 vertebrae was corpectomized in 7 cases, 2 vertebra in 22 cases, 3 vertebra in 6 cases. There were no surgery-related complications. The patients were followed up from 11-37 months, with an average of 17.4 months. No plate breakage, screw loose, graft infection, lysis and absorption was discovered. The fusion rate was 100%, the average time of fusion was 9.3 months (range from 6-15 months). The postoperative average JOA scale score was 14.8 point (range 7-17), the recovery ratio was 73.5% and the excellent and good results was 82.8%.

CONCLUSIONSThe use of allogenic strut bone graft and instrumentation for anterior cervical fusion following subtotal corpectomy and decompression in cervical myelopathy may not only simplify surgical procedure and decrease injuries and complications, but also the fusion is satisfactory and reliable.

Bone Transplantation ; Cervical Vertebrae ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Spinal Fusion ; Spinal Osteophytosis ; surgery ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome

Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of long-term administration of fluvastatin on improvement of ventricular remodeling of rats after myocardial infarction and its mechanism.

METHODSSprague-Dawley rats were subjected to ligation in anterior descending branch of coronary artery and treated with fluvastatin (20 mg.kg(-1) d(-1)) or distilled water for 8 weeks. Doppler echocardiography, hemodynamic study and cardiac histomorphometry were used to estimate the ventricular remodeling and cardiac function. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to definite the distribution of superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)) and nitrogen monoxide. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of NOS2 and p22phox in mRNA and protein level. The level of lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase, nitrogen monoxide and total cholesterol were detected too.

RESULTSAdministration of fluvastatin ameliorated left ventricular remodeling without affecting the infarct size [(40 +/- 6 vs 42 +/-5)%, P>0.05]. The level of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure [(18.24 +/-6.58 vs 10.74 +/-4.71) mmHg, P<0.05], right ventricular ameliorated relative weight [(0.92 +/-0.19 vs 0.71 +/-0.13) g/kg, P<0.05], the thickness of left ventricular posterior wall [(3.04 +/-0.28 vs 2.60 +/-0.36) mm, P<0.05] decreased after fluvastatin treatment. The left ventricular ejection fraction was not influenced, the relative lung weight and the left atrium diameter reduced [(5.79 +/-2.92 vs 3.69 +/-0.68) g/kg, (0.55 +/-0.12 vs 0.45 +/-0.04) mm, P<0.05]; the expressions of LPO in the plasma and myocardium [(8.64 +/-0.59 vs 7.71 +/-0.66) U/dl, P<0.05; (3.12 +/-0.38 vs 1.93 +/-0.40) ng/microg.pro, P<0.01] were reduced, and the overexpressed NO was inhibited [(436.87 +/-47.22 vs 313.78 +/-34.35) mg/dl, P<0.01], but the expression of GPx increased [(66.13 +/-8.31 vs 79.78 +/-2.38) mg/dl, P<0.01]. The expression of O(2)(*-) and the activity of NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox increased; NOS2 and its products NO were over-expressed too.

CONCLUSIONVentricular remodeling and hemodynamics are improved profoundly in MI rats treated with fluvastatin. The effect of antioxidative stress of fluvastatin might be involved in the mechanism.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated ; pharmacology ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

Algorithms ; Atrial Fibrillation ; therapy ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged