Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of different doses of brachical plexus anesthesia in the emergency suture of hand trauma in preschool children .Methods Forty preschool children with hand trauma were choosen ,who were undergoing e‐mergency suture by general anesthesia combined with brachical plexus anesthesia .They were divided into group A(1 mg/kg ,n=20) and group B(2 mg/kg ,n=20) ,body movement during skin incision ,local injection with lidocaine ,propofol dose ,surgical time and wake up time were compared .Results There was no significant differences between the two groups in surgical time(P>0 .05) ,the cases of body movement during skin incision and local injection with lidocaine were 8 children ,which was higher than 2 children in group B(all P<0 .01) ,ropivacaine dose(14 .5 ± 5 .5)mg in group A were lower than group B (31 .6 ± 7 .2)mg(P<0 .01) ,propofol dose in group A(75 .6 ± 15 .2)mg were higher than group B(32 .7 ± 8 .6)mg(P<0 .01) ,wake up time in group A(11 .2 ± 3 .3)min were longer than group B(5 .9 ± 2 .3)min (P< 0 .01) .Conclusion The clinical effect of ropivacaine 2 mg/kg was superior than 1 mg/kg in brachical plexus anesthesia .

Objective To explore the impact of the ratio between pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS) on the life quality of patients with ankylosing spndylitis (AS) after kyphosis correction. Methods From November 2008 to May 2011, 33 AS pa?tients were reviewed, including 31 males and 2 females, aged from 19 to 58 years old (average, 36 years old). The thoracolumbar kyphosis angle was 35.23° ± 13.98° (range, 15.12°-74.37° ) and the lumbar lordosis angle was 8.68° ± 18.27° (range,-23.70°-62.15°). The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)?22 questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used to evaluate the condition of pain. The pelvic incidence (PI), PT, SS, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and osteoto?my angle were obtained from standing lateral full?spine radiographs. The correlations were analyzed from the subjective grading and the sagittal parameters in AS patients. Results The osteotomy site was in L1 (5 cases, 21.00°-54.59° , average 32.59° ± 13.44° ), L2 (19 cases, 28.63°-66.24° , average 37.89° ± 9.26° ), L3 (9 cases, 31.78°-60.90° , average 47.05° ± 9.20° ), respectively. The range of osteotomy angle was 39.59°±10.82° (range, 21.00°-66.24°). The subjective grading and spino?pelvic parameters were improved significantly after operation except PI, only postoperative PT/SS (0.93±0.65) and ODI standing (0.60±0.75)(r=0.681, P<0.05), osteotomy angle (39.59°±10.82°) and satisfaction of management (3.33±0.49)(r=0.478, P<0.05)had correlation with the subjective grading. Conclusion Compared with the change of PT, SS and SVA, the change of PT/SS is more closely related to the quality of life after operation in AS patients with kyphosis, which should be pay attention to by surgeon when designing operative schemes.

Objective Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) cDNA was transfected into colorectal cancer cell lines LOVO with the lentiviral vector,the anticancer effeciency of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR)and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on LOVO cells were evaluated.Methods TP cDNA were transfected into LOVO cell line with the lentiviral vector pLenti6.3_MCS_IRES2-EGFP,and the transfection efficiency was analyzed by flow cytometer and immunohistochemistry.Cells were divided into six groups:LOVO,LOVO-TP,LOVO-control,LOVO + INF-α2a,LOVO-TP + INF-α2a,LOVO-control + INF-α2a.TP protein expression and the relative quantitative analysis for TP mRNA in transfections cells were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively.Volumes of converted 5-FU from either in the medium containing different concentration of 5'-DFUR,in which all cells were cultured,or in cells lysate,were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results The transfection efficiency of TP cDNA in LOVO cells was 95％.The Mean gray value of TP protein expression in LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were 198.15 folds and 243.22 folds higher than LOVO cell,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).The RQ values of TP mRNA expression in LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were also 18.56 folds and 59.61 folds higher than wild LOVO cell,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).The IC50 values of 5'-DFUR on LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were 1 660 μ mol/L and 813 μ mol/L,respectively,significantly lower than 4 462.59 μ mol/L in wild LOVO (P ＜ O.01).The 5-FU volumes detected from media contained series concentration of 5'-DFUR for culturing LOVO-TP and LOVO-TP + INF-α2a were 2.0-5.3 folds,and 2.9-10.4 folds more than wild LOVO,respectively (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Transfected TP cDNA into colorectal cancer cell line LOVO with lentiviral vector increases the expression of TP mRNA and TP protein and the amount of 5-FU converted from 5'-DFUR,enhancing its anticancer effect.

Objective: To observe clinical efficacy of oral folic acid (FA) intervene in hyper-homocysteinemia (HHcy) patients combining coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), to study the effect of blood level of Hcy on cardiac function. Methods: A total of 126 relevant patients with blood level of Hcy>15 μmol/L were randomly divided into 2 groups:Routine group, the patients received anti-platelet therapy, statins, beta-blockers, diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor antagonist and FA group, in addition to above mentioned therapies, the patients also received FA 5 mg/day. n=63 in each group and all patients were treated for 3 months. Fasting blood levels of Hcy, BNP and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were compared between 2 groups at pre- and 3 months post-treatment. Results: ① Based on NYHA classification, the patients with cardiac function at II, III, IV had accordingly increased blood levels of Hcy, BNP and LVEDD, while decreased LVEF and 6MWT, all P<0.05. ② Blood levels of Hcy were positively related to BNP (r=0.733, P<0.001) and LVEDD (r=0.511, P<0.001), negatively related to LVEF (r=-0.382, P<0.001) and 6MWT (r=-0.410, P<0.001). ③ With 3 months treatment, FA group and Routine group showed decreased Hcy level as (8.43 ± 1.87) μmol/L vs (3.29 ±1.68) μmol/L and BNP (891.84 ± 456.10) pg/ml vs (682.24 ± 463.79) pg/ml, reduced LVEDD (4.33 ± 1.231) mm vs (2.06 ± 1.73) mm, while elevated LVEF (6.59 ± 2.28) % vs (2.52 ± 2.37) % and 6MWT (142.97 ± 55.15) m vs (86.35 ± 59.06) m, all P<0.05. Conclusion: Increased blood level of Hcy is risky for HF occurrence, FA may treat HHcy and further improve the cardiac structure and function in HF patients.

Objective To develop a portbable incubator for on-site cultivation of microorganisms in foods and drinking water.Methods Cultivation temperature was set as required by the temperature for various microorganisms and PID was controlled via the single chip microcomputer and configuration screen .Then, the framework of the incubator was designed and assembled.Finally, the cultivation effect was tested .Results The incubator was compact and portable .The deviation of the temperature was in the range of 1℃.The hold time of self-contained power could exceed 8 h.In addition, the cultivation effect of our fabricated incubator was not significantly different from that of the commercial electro-heating standing-temperature cultivator used in laboratories .Conclusion The incubator is suitable for on-site detection of microorganisms in foods and drinking water , which is significant for spotting and removing the hidden dangers from microorganism contaminations in foods and drinking water in order to protect the health of soldiers .

BACKGROUND:There are various therapies for children limb fractures involving the epiphysis or the metaphysis. According to the different methods, studies on the growth of the epiphyseal plate are a lot, most of which focus on the effects of Kirschner wires with different diameters or holow screw internal fixation on the development of epiphyseal plate. However, there are rare studies on the influence of cross-epiphyseal plate internal fixation on the growth of epiphyseal plate as wel as the influence level. OBJECTIVE:To prepare a peri-epiphyseal fracture model in young rabbits and to observe the effects of cross-epiphyseal plate implantation and removal on the growth of epiphyseal plate. METHODS: Traverse fracture models were made 5 mm above the right femoral distal epiphyseal plate of 60 young rabbits, and then fixed with suitable “L” steel plate and four screws across the epiphyseal plate and peri-epiphyseal fracture line. The left side served as control. Eight rabbits were kiled and observed at 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after modeling, respectively, to take out the femoral specimens for measurement of femoral length, thickness of the epiphyseal plate, and number of mastocytes per unit column. Histopathology observation was done and changes in mastocytes and thickness of the epiphyseal plate were detected. Another seven rabbits were selected to remove the metal plate, continued to feed for 2 weeks and finaly executed to observe the above-mentioned indexes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were significant differences in the above indexes between the plate and control groups at 4, 8, 12 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05 orP< 0.001) but not at 2 weeks after modeling (P> 0.05). These findings indicate that within 2 weeks after cross-epiphyseal plate internal fixation, proper pressue has no remarkable influence on the growth of epiphyseal plate; but after persistent internal fixation (> 4 weeks), the growth of epiphyseal plate can be partialy or completed retarded. (2) At 2 and 4 weeks after modeling, the plate was removed, and 2 weeks later, the femoral length, thickness of the epiphyseal plate and mastocyte counting per unit column were improved to different extents, and there were no differences between the plate and control group (P > 0.05). At 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, the plate was removed, and 2 weeks later, the femoral length and thickness of the epiphyseal plate were shortened, and the number of mastocytes per unit column was decreased obviously, which significantly differed from the control group (P < 0.001). These findings indicate that the chondrocytes in the proliferative and hypertrophy layers lose the differentiation and proliferation abilities, and the femoral length and epiphyseal plate thickness are difficult to recover.

BACKGROUND: The active component in recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (rhBMP-2/PLGA) microsphere prone to be absorbed or lost during solution with physiological saline, and the setting time is uncontrollable using blood solution, so it is necessary to explore an sustained-release carrier that can control the setting time.OBJECTIVE: To construct an injectable BMP release system by combing rhBMP-2/PLGA microsphere with fibrin glue. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An experimental comparative study was performed at the Department of Othopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA from January 2005 to April 2008.MATERIALS: PLGA (polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid 75/25, M_r=3 000, with 0.025 L/g viscosity) was supplied by Shandong Institute of Medical Instruments; rhBMP-2 was offered by The Academy of Military Medical Sciences; and fibrin glue was supplied by Hangzhou Puji Medicine Technology Development Co., Ltd.METHODS:The rhBMP-2/PLGA microsphere was prepared using W/O/W solvent evaporation methods. rhBMP-2 loaded PLGA microsphere were incorporated in fibrin glue to establish injectable BMP release system.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The setting time,release behaviors, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) as well as pH values of composites were measured.RESULTS:①Compared with fibrin glue, the setting time of composites were slightly increased.②Initial burst release of the composites occurred, the drug release exceeded 16.76% within 2 days, and 76.75% of the drug was release within 42 days. ③ESCA showed that composites prolonged release times.④The PH value of composites was between microsphere and fibrin glue.CONCLUSION: RhBMP-2/PLGA microsphere/fibrin glue composite has satisfactory slow-release effect and syringeability, which not only degrade partial acid environment but also maintain the biological effect of higher density. Therefore, it forms a promising synthetic bone graft.

Objective To review the treatment of repair gastroschisis with autogenous umbilical cord and evaluate its effect. Methods Thirty newborns who underwent the repair gastroschisis with autogenous umbilical cord between August 1992 to October 2007, 26 cases survived under observed and followed-up, observing physical growth, intelligence measuring and whether the area of operated in abdomen need staged repair or not. Compared with 15 cases who underwent traditional operation method at the same time. Results Two cases died, 2 cases abandoned, and 26 ease received survive (survive rate 86.7%)and their growth was well in 26 cases. But in those 15 cases who underwent traditional operation method, 5 cases survived (survive rate 33.3%). There were significant difference in the survive rate, the mean operative time and postoperative hospital stay time between the two operation methods (P <0.05).Conclusion The material is adopted easily in the operation, autogenous umbilical cord is elastic tissue and no toxicity, it can relax the abdominal press effectively after the operation, the survive rate is high.

Objective To detect miR-181d expression levels in colon cancer cell lines,and to study the functions of miR-181d on colon cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis.Methods RT qPCR was employed to study miR-181d cxpression levels in colon cancer cell line HCT116,HT29,LoVo,SW480 and SW620 cells,as well as in colon normal epithelial cell line HIEC.miR-181d mimic and control were transfected into LoVo cells while miR-181d inhibitor and control were transfected into SW620 cells.qRT-PCR was performed to validate the transfection efficiency.MTT assay was performed to measure cell proliferation while flow cytometry was performed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis rate.Results miR-181d was universally downregulated in all colon cancer cell lines compared to the colon normal epithelial cell line HIEC (F=29.34,P＜0.01).Overexpression of miR-181d in LoVo cells significantly decreased in vitro cell proliferation rate (F=5.403,P＜0.01).Flow cytometry indicated that cells at S phase were greatly decreased (t=4.71,P＜0.05) and apoptotic cells were gready increased compared to the control cells (t=3.47,P＜0.05).On the contrary,inhibition of miR-181d in SW620 cells significantly promoted cell proliferation (F=20.82,P＜0.01).Cell cycle was accelerated with significant increase in S phase compared to the control cells (t=2.92,P＜0.05),whereas apoptosis rano was significantly decreased (t=4.14,P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-181d was universally downregulated in colon cancer cell lines compared to the normal epithelial cell line.miR-181d inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis,thus functions as an tumor suppressive miRNA.

AIM: To observe the changes of cystathionine-lyase/hydrogen sulfide(CSE/H_2S) in vivo in vascular calcification and to explore the role of CSE/H_2S in vascular calcification.METHODS: Vascular calcification model in rats was induced by administration of vitamin D_3 plus nicotine.The extent of calcification was estimated by assaying calcium content.[~(45)Ca~(2+)] deposition and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity were detected.CSE mRNA amount was determined by using competitive quantitative RT-PCR.The content of H_2S and activity of CSE in the plasma and cardiovascular tissues were also determined with biochemical methods.RESULTS: Calcium content in myocardium increased by 3.8 folds in a calcification model.Compared to control,calcium content,[~(45)Ca~(2+)] accumulation and ALP activity in calcified arteries increased by 6.8,1.4,and 1.9 folds,respectively(P