Objective:To explore the effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods:A total of 60 patients with DPN in Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from June 2018 to October 2019 were selected, and randomly divided into control group (20 cases), aerobic exercise group (20 cases) and combined training group (20 cases). Three groups all received the routine medication management and dietary guide. The control group had no other intervention. The aerobic exercise group received moderate intensity cycle ergometer, 40 min/time, once a day, three times a week. In addition to the moderate intensity aerobic exercise, patients in the combined training group conducted resistance exercise with elastic belt, 40 min/time, once a day, three times a week. The curative effect was evaluated after 12 weeks, which included fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), nerve conduction velocity and static balance function of eye-opened and eye-closed condition in Pro-Kin 254 balance assessment equipment.Results:Before exercise intervention, there were no significant differences in any measurements among the three groups (all P>0.05). After exercise intervention, the FBG, HbA1c, motor nerve conduction velocity of common peroneal nerve, sensory nerve conduction velocity of common peroneal nerve, sway length and area in the eye closed test of Pro-Kin254 balance assessment in the aerobic exercise group were significantly better than those in the control group[(6.26±0.28) vs. (6.76±0.68) mmol/L, (5.75±0.42)% vs. (6.48±0.37)%, (45.36±8.78) vs. (42.16±6.78) m/s, (38.75±8.14) vs. (35.45±8.34) m/s, (513±39) vs. (613±71) mm, (678±58) vs. (1 024±98) mm 2] (all P<0.05); the above indexes of the combined training group [(6.03±0.36) mmol/L, (5.27±0.35)%, (49.51±9.76) m/s, (42.87±7.18) m/s, (425±38) mm, (535±47) mm 2] were significantly better than those in the other two groups, the sway length and area in the eye open test of Pro-Kin254 balance assessment were also significantly superior to those in the other two groups [(316±21) vs. (395±18), (436±28) mm and (689±33) vs. (782±30), (824±70) mm 2] (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise can better improve the levels of blood glucose and HbA1c, increase nerve conduction rate and improve static balance ability compared with simple aerobic exercise in patients with DPN.