The illuminance characteristics of LED (Lighting Emitting Diode) Surgical Luminaire is researched in this paper from the aspects of the LED Single-tube illumination analysis, LED arrays distribution and lighting design. The facula distribution characteristics of the LED prototype and multi-facet entirety reflection Surgical Luminaire is tested and compared according to the standards. The results of experimental show that LED prototype can fully meet the surgical illumination requirements, and the LED's own characteristics and further development will greatly broaden the space of medical lighting.
Equipment Design ; Light ; Lighting ; instrumentation ; Surgical Equipment

Objective To prepare a novel root end filling material and determine its physical and chemical properties and cell compatibility.Methods Samples of the novel root end filling material were developed with hydroxyapatite,tetracalcium phosphate,polyacrylic acid,citric acid and sodium citrate.Chemical composition of the new material was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Physical properties such as the setting time and compressive strength of the material were also investigated.The cytocompatibility was tested by MTT assay and direct contact assay.Results The novel root end filling material was primarily composed of HA,calcium carboxylate and calcium citrate.Its setting time was 8.77 ± 0.64 min and the compressive strength was ( 28.87 ± 3.88 )MPa at 1 day.The cytotoxicity scores of it in the serial dilution extract and different culture time ranked from grade 0 to Ⅰ.L 929 cells adhered on its surface and proliferated well.Conclusions With good physicalchemical properties and good cell compatibility,the novel root canal filling material presents a good clinical application prospect.

OBJECTIVETo provide scientific basis for the utilization and development of Valeriana jatamansi by setting up the quality control specification of V. jatamansi.

METHODThe pharmacognostical methods were applied. The extract of V. jatamansi was examined. Moisture and ash were determined. And the bioactive constituents were analyzed by TLC and HPLC.

RESULTThe morphological and histological characters of V. jatamansi were observed. Content of total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and moisture of 15 samples from different habitats and times were determined. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of valtrate and acevaltrate by TLC and HPLC were preformed respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe established method can be used for the quality control of V. jatamans.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Iridoids ; analysis ; Pharmacognosy ; standards ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Valerian ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry

To investigate the Fe2+ effects on root tips in rice plant, experiments were carried out using border cells in vitro. The border cells were pre-planted in aeroponic culture and detached from root tips. Most border cells have a long elliptical shape. The number and the viability of border cells in situ reached the maxima of 1600 and 97.5%, respectively, at 20-25 mm root length. This mortality was more pronounced at the first 1-12 h exposure to 250 mg/L Fe2+ than at the last 12-36 h. After 36 h, the cell viability exposed to 250 mg/L Fe2+ decreased to nought, whereas it was 46.5% at 0 mg/L Fe2+. Increased Fe2+ dosage stimulated the death of detached border cells from rice cultivars. After 4 h Fe2+ treatment, the cell viabilities were > or =80% at 0 and 50 mg/L Fe2+ treatment and were <62% at 150, 250 and 350 mg/L Fe2+ treatment; The viability of border cells decreased by 10% when the Fe2+ concentration increased by 100 mg/L. After 24 h Fe2+ treatment, the viabilities of border cells at all the Fe2+ levels were <65%; The viability of border cells decreased by 20% when the Fe2+ concentration increased by 100 mg/L. The decreased viabilities of border cells indicated that Fe2+ dosage and treatment time would cause deadly effect on the border cells. The increased cell death could protect the root tips from toxic harm. Therefore, it may protect root from the damage caused by harmful iron toxicity.
Iron ; toxicity ; Oryza ; cytology ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; cytology ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Seedlings ; cytology ; drug effects ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical value of mutated p53 in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients.

METHODSPlasma DNA of 126 breast cancer patients and 92 healthy women was examined. DNA extraction from the tumor and tissue samples was performed by a nonorganic method. Plasma DNA was purified on Qiagen columns. PCR-SSCP analysis was performed to examine the point mutations in the conserved exons 5, 6, 7 and 8 of TP53.

RESULTSThe mean concentration of plasma DNA was 21 ng/ml in healthy women and 211 ng/ml in patients with breast cancer (P < 0.01). p53 mutations in the primary tumor were detected in 46 of 126 (36.5%) breast cancer patients. Of these 46 patients, 30 (65.1%) were also found to have p53 mutations in their plasma DNA. p53 mutation in plasma DNA was closely correlated with clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node (LN) metastasis and estrogen receptor status (P < 0.05). Survival of the patients with both primary tumor and plasma p53 mutations was the worst. Thirteen of the 22 (59.0%) patients with recurrence and/or metastasis had detectable p53 mutations in their plasma DNA.

CONCLUSIONp53 mutations in plasma DNA may be a useful prognostic factor and an early marker of recurrence or distant metastasis in breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; mortality ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; blood ; DNA ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; blood ; Mutation ; Prognosis ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

Objective To analyze the differences in the expression levels of the lncRNA MALAT1, NEAT, NEAT2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from tuberculosis patients and healthy controls. Methods We detected the lncRNA expression levels in PBMC from 79 tuberculosis patients and 82 healthy controls by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and analyzed the correlation between lncRNA expression levels and some clinical features and laboratory indicators in tuberculosis patients. Results The expression levels of MALAT1, NEAT1 in PBMC of tuberculosis patients were significantly higher than healthy controls (Z=-4.386, P<0.001; Z=-10.175, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the expression of NEAT2 between tuberculosis patients and healthy controls (Z=-0.203，P=0.839). The correlation results of lncRNA levels and some clinical features, laboratory indicators in tuberculosis patients suggested that the NEAT2 level in PBMC of newly treated tuberculosis patients was higher than recurrent tuberculosis patients, while the NEAT2 level in PBMC of sputum smear positive tuberculosis patients was lower than that of sputum smear negative tuberculosis patients (all P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between MALAT1 level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (rs=-0.256, P=0.034). Conclusion MALAT1 and NEAT1 are abnormally expressed in PBMC of tuberculosis patients, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experience of trastuzumab treatment in neoadjuvant, adjuvant, metastatic setting of Chinese patients with Her-2 positive breast cancer and evaluate the efficacy of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy.

METHODSFrom January 2004 to December 2008, 141 outpatients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab were investigated retrospectively. The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 319 months. The disease free survival time (DFS) of metastatic setting was calculated. The overall survival time (OS), time to treatment failure (TTF) and clinical response rate (CRR, including complete response, partial response and stable disease) of adjuvant, first-line, second-line therapy were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSIn the neoadjuvant regimen, paclitaxel plus carboplatin in combination with trastuzumab accounted for 66.7%, which achieved pathological complete response in 10 of 16 patients. In the adjuvant regimen, anthracycline or anthracycline followed by taxane accounted for 53.9%. The median DFS of 57 cases with metastatic diseases was 17 months. The CRR of first-line trastuzumab use in metastatic setting was 84.5%, compared with 44.4% of second-line use. The median TTF of first-line treatment was 24 months compared with 5 months of second-line treatment. Statistically significant differences were observed.

CONCLUSIONThe regimen of paclitaxel plus carboplatin in combination with trastuzumab deserves wide clinical use. In metastatic setting, first-line treatment of trastuzumab plus chemotherapy can achieve a higher response rate than second-line treatment. Continued trastuzumab therapy combined with different chemotherapy treatment after disease progression may obtain additive clinical advantage.

Adult ; Anthracyclines ; administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Carboplatin ; administration & dosage ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage ; Trastuzumab ; Treatment Failure

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUNDUnderstanding the characteristics of Chinese dialysis patients and the current practice trends is the first step to evaluate the association between practice pattern and outcome in these populations. In the present study, we evaluated the status of medical treatment and characteristic features of chronic dialysis patients in China.

METHODSThrough a clustering sampling, we selected 9 centers from the largest dialysis facilities in 6 cities around China. All adult undergoing dialysis in the selected units were screened. A total of 2388 (1775 on hemodialysis (HD) and 613 on peritoneal dialysis (PD)) patients were finally enrolled. All data were collected at enrollment on the bases of review of medical records.

RESULTSIn this cohort, 1313 (55.0%) were male. The mean age was 54 years old. The median time for dialysis was 26 months (12 - 51 months). Seventy-five percent of patients were on HD and 25.0% on PD. Among PD patients, about 21% patients did not receive dialysis adequacy. For HD patients, about 14.0% of them did not achieve dialysis adequacy when the target of kt/V was set as 1.2. Only 44.7% of patients achieved blood pressure target of 140/90 mmHg. About 60% of patients did not reach the hemoglobin target of 110 g/L even though 85.0% of them were treated with erythropoietin. In addition, 48.5% of the patients had uncontrolled mineral metabolism revealed by the high calcium-phosphate product. Compared with HD patients, higher level of serum glucose, triglyceride, and total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were more common in PD patients.

CONCLUSIONSThis observational study suggests that many Chinese dialysis patients did not achieve the therapeutic target, particularly in blood pressure control, anemia correction, and mineral balance. PD patients were more likely to suffer metabolic disturbance.

Adult ; Aged ; Anemia ; physiopathology ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Renal Dialysis

OBJECTIVETo assess the safety and advantages of robotic pancreatic surgery (RPS) based on the single-team experience with 1010 cases.

METHODSThe clinical data of 1010 cases of RPS performed by a single team from November, 2011 to September, 2017 in our hospital were collected prospectively and analyzed. In most of cases the surgeries were performed using the third-generation da Vinci robotic surgical system.

RESULTSThe 1010 cases receiving RPS included 417 cases of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD), 428 cases of robotic distal pancreatectomy, 60 cases of robotic central pancreatectomy, 53 cases of robotic pancreatic tumor enucleation, 3 cases of Appleby procedure, and 49 cases of other operations (including 4 cases of innovative robotic retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery, 4 cases of robotic pancreatic tumor enucleation combined with main pancreatic duct bridging repair, 1 case of single incision robotic pancreatic tumor enucleation, and 2 cases of robotic central pancreatectomy combined with end-to-end anastomosis reconstruction). The median operative time was 210 min (30-720 min) with a median intraoperative blood loss of 80 mL (10-2000 mL), a conversion rate of 4.06% (41/1010), a blood transfusion rate of 6.7% (68/1010), a mean post-operative stay of 10.87∓6.70 days, a complication rate (beyond grade III according to Clavien-Dindo scoring system) of 8.0% (81/1010), and a pancreatic fistula rate (beyond) grade B of 9.21% (93/1010). The mortality rate of the patients was 0.69% (7/1010) in 30 days and 1.31% (12//934) in 90 days. The application of RPS in total pancreatectomy increased steadily from the rate of 10.44% in 2012 to 72.06% in 2017.

CONCLUSIONThis represents to our knowledge the world largest series of robotic pancreatic resections. RPS is expected to gradually replace open procedure and laparoscopic procedure to become the primary choice of approach for pancreatectomy. After the learning curve, RPS procedure including distal pancreatectomy, robotic Appleby procedure and other operations can be safely performed, and the experiences from other centers can be beneficial to reduce severe complications in the early stage of learning.