Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) mRNA in a rat model of ventilator-induced lung injury.Methods Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 2β5-260 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),small tidal volume (VT) mechanical ventilation group (group S) and large tidal volume mechanical ventilation group (group L).The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal ketamine 100 mg/kg,midazolam 0.2 mg/kg and atropine 1.0 mg/kg.The rats were tracheostomized and spontaneous breathing was maintained in group C,while the rats were tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated for 4 h in groups S and L.The tidal volume was 7 ml/kg (group S) or 40 ml/kg (group L),I ∶ E was 1 ∶ 1,RR was 80 bpm and FiO2 was 100％.At 4 h of spontaneous breathing or mechanical ventilation,broncho-alveolar lung lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for determination of the total protein concentration,white blood cell (WBC) counts and concentrations of MIF,IL-6 and IL-1β (by ELISA).Then the rats were sacrificed and the lungs removed for microscopic examination and for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio) and expression of MIF mRNA (by RT-PCR).Results Compared with C and S groups,WBC counts,concentrations of total protein,MIF,IL-6 and IL-1β in BALF,and W/D ratio and expression of MIF mRNA in lung tissues were significantly increased in group L (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the indexes mentioned above between group C and group S (P ＞ 0.05).The pathological changes occurred in group L.Conclusion The up-regulation of MIF mRNA expression in lung tissues may be involved in the development of ventilator-induced lung injury in rats.

Objective To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor9 (TLR9)-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signal pathway in alveolar macrophages in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).Methods 30 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to three groups (with 10 rats in each group).Group A was the control group,with spontaneous respiration after tracheostomy.Rats in group B received mechanical ventilation for 4 hours with normal tidal volume (VT) 7 ml/kg after tracheostomy,and group C rats received mechanical ventilation with VT 40 ml/kg for 4 hours.After termination of ventilation,examination with transmission electron microscopy was performed to observe the ultrastructure changes in alveolar epithelial cell type Ⅱ (AEC Ⅱ) of the lung.Lung wet/dry ratios (W/D) and total protein concentration,the concentration of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-1 β) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined.The protein and mRNA expressions of TLR9,MyD88 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in alveolar macrophages were assayed by Western Blot and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The ultrastructure of AEC Ⅱ in the group A and group B was almost normal,whereas the chromatin of the nuclei,the lamellar corpuscles in the cytoplasm,the cell membrane and the microvilli of the AEC Ⅱ in the group C showed injurious changes in various degrees.When the group C was compared with the group A and the group B,it was shown that the W/D ratios (5.54 ± 0.17 vs.4.58 ± 0.17,4.69 ± 0.16) and total protein concentration (g/L:6.33 ± 0.61 vs.0.45 ± 0.05,0.47 ± 0.04),IL-6 (μg/L:1.989 ± 0.103 vs.1.033 ± 0.061,1.010 ± 0.069) and IL-lβ (ng/L:2.79 ±0.25 vs.1.05 ±0.15,1.23 ±0.22) in BALF,the protein expressions of TLR9,MyD88 and NF-κB [TLR9 (A value):0.770 ±0.042 vs.0.300 ±0.027,0.310 ±0.037; MyD88 (A value):0.950 ±0.091 vs.0.560 ±0.082,0.580±0.084; NF-κB(A value):1.020 ±0.076 vs.0.740 ±0.052,0.700 ±0.076] in alveolar macrophages were all increased significantly,and all of which showed significant difference (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The mRNA levels of TLR9,MyD88 and NF-κB in alveolar macrophages in the group B were (1.13 ± 0.32),(1.18 ± 0.33),and (1.11 ± 0.22) folds of those of the group A,respectively,but there were no significant differences (all P＞0.05).While the mRNA levels of TLR9,MyD88 and NF-κB of alveolar macrophages in the group C were (8.66 ± 0.69),(6.41 ± 0.53) and (5.29 ± 0.71) folds of those of the group A,respectively,and all of them showed significant difference (all P＜0.01).Conclusion TLR9-MyD88 signaling in alveolar macrophages plays a role in pathogenesis of VILI.

Since human society entered the 21st century, the rapid development of medical technology also gave birth to a series of negative effects:medical service technology first, trust crisis of the doctor-patient relation-ship, and medical industry money worship. Especially in recent years, due to the lack of humanistic spirit in medi-cal institutions, the doctor -patient relationship is of the worst state in the history. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the medical humanities education in the construction of hospital culture. Aiming at the problems existing in the current medical industry, this paper expounds the importance of strengthening the humanistic education in the construction of hospital culture.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of C-reactive protein (CRP) on monocytes chemotaxis ability in vitro.

METHODSTranswell chemotaxis assay was used to evaluate the changes of chemotactic ability of THP-1 monocytes in each group treated with CRP in different concentration.

RESULTSCRP increased the number of attracted monocytes in response to MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). When treated with CRP concentration at 2 microg x mL(-1), the number of chemotactic monocytes increased (P < 0.05). The number of attracted monocytes increased as CRP concentration was elevated (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCRP can increase chemotactic ability of THP-1 monocytes in concentration dependent manner.

C-Reactive Protein ; Chemokine CCL2 ; Chemotaxis ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Monocytes

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between plasma levels of fibrinogen, the-beta455 G/A fibrinogen gene polymorphism and the severity of periodontal inflammation and to explore the possible role of fibrinogen in the association of periodontitis with coronary heart disease (CHD).

METHODSA total of 121 patients with moderate to severe periodontitis and periodontally healthy and gingivitis controls were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood samples were collected and the plasma fibrinogen levels were determined by the clotting method of Clauss. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with Hae III were used to examine the -beta455 G/A fibrinogen gene polymorphism.

RESULTSFibrinogen levels were significantly higher in moderately or severely chronic periodontitis patients [(3.45 +/- 0.68) g/L] than periodontally healthy and gingivitis controls [(2.47 +/- 0.42) g/L, P < 0.001]. The carrier status of the A allele at position -455 in the beta fibrinogen gene was associated with elevated fibrinogen levels and the frequency of the-A455 allele in the beta fibrinogen gene in the patient group was significantly higher than in the control group (P = 0.032). Carriers of the -A455 allele were about 3-fold more likely to have moderate or severe periodontitis as compare to individuals without the -A455 allele( OR = 3. =135, P= 0.008).

CONCLUSIONSFg-beta455 G/A polymorphism may contribute to the elevated plasma fibrinogen levels and put individuals at higher risk of having severe periodontitis. As the independent risk factor of CHD, fibrinogen levels and Fg-beta455 G/A polymorphism may play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Adult ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Periodontitis ; genetics ; Coronary Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; analysis ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

Objective To analyze the characteristics of preoperative CTO lesions by coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and to compare the lesion characteristics and clinical data of patients with subsequent vs failed PCI.Methods A total of 113 patients were randomly selected and 116 vessels were analyzed by CCTA before PCI.The patients were further investigated as PCI success group vs PCI failure group according to their PCI result.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors that affected the success of CTO intervention.The ROC curve was used to determine and evaluate the CT-CTO score and J-CTO score for diagnostic efficacy.Results The success rate of PCI was 55.2％.64 lesions were successfully opened,with the success rate of 72.4％.The prevalence of smoking in patients in the PCI failure group was significantly higher than that in PCI success group (65.4％ vs.42.2％,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in age,gender,history of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and myocardial infarction(P ＞ 0.05).Statistical differences were observed between the PCI success group and the PCI failure group in the presence of occlusion segment head-end bifurcation,occlusion severe incision,severe calcification (calcification ≥ 180°),occlusion segment length ≥ 20 mm,occlusion of calcification lesions,occlusion segment distal shape of the unambiguous of fiber cap shape of the distal occlusion segment under CCTA(P ＜ 0.05).In the PCI failure group,approximately 17.3％ of the patients had previous attempt to open the CTO lesions,which were higher than the PCI success group (9.4％).However,The difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the unambiguous distal fibrous cap of the occlusion segment and the occlusion of the proximal branch and the occlusion length ≥20 mm were the main factors affecting the failure of CTO intervention.In terms of prediction,the predictive value 30 CT-CTO score yielded a higher area under the ROC curve than that of the J-CTO score (0.8776 vs 0.7387,P ≤ 0.05).Conclusion CT angiography can predict the success rate of intervention for CTO lesions.Compared with J-CTO score,CT-CTO score has a higher predictive value.Unambiguous fiber cap shape,occlusion segment head end bifurcation,occlusion segment length ≥20 mm were the independent risk factors that affecting the success of CTO operation.

Clinical reports on cardiac syndrome X (CSX) have been increasing in recent years. In general, CSX does not increase the cardiovascular mortality, but it can affect the patient's quality of life (QOL) and increase the incidence rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Although a variety of drugs and therapies have been utilized in the clinical treatment, the management of CSX still represents a major challenge due to its unclear pathogenesis. It is necessary to explore more effective treatment programs. Many attempts have been made on trials of the Chinese medicine (CM) treatment for CSX and proved that CM has a certain advantage in efficacy to improve clinical symptoms and QOL. CM may provide a new approach for the effective treatment of CSX.
Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolic Syndrome ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Quality of Life

An introduction was first given to the advantages and application status of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the field of medical rescue. Then, the latest worldwide application and research status of multi-rotor UAV in this field were analyzed according to available research. On this basis, the application prospects of multi-rotor UAV in the scenarios of medical rescue field were assumed. Finally, it was pointed out that multi-rotor UAV would show more functions in medical rescue field owing to various technological development and breakthrough, signifying the bright deepening application prospect of multi-rotor UAV.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the carrier rate for 21 inherited metabolic diseases among a Chinese population of childbearing age. METHODS: A total of 897 unrelated healthy individuals (including 143 couples) were recruited, and DNA was extracted from their peripheral blood samples. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out to screen potential variants among 54 genes associated with 21 inherited metabolic diseases. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants and unreported loss-of-function variants were analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred fourty types of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (with an overall number of 183) and unreported loss-of-function variants were detected, which yield a frequency of 0.20 per capita. A husband and wife were both found to carry pathogenic variants of the SLC25A13 gene and have given birth to a healthy baby with the aid of preimplantation genetic diagnosis. The detected variants have involved 40 genes, with the most common ones including ATP7B, SLC25A13, PAH, CBS and MMACHC. Based on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the incidence of the 21 inherited metabolic diseases in the population was approximately 1/1100, with the five diseases with higher incidence including citrullinemia, methylmalonic acidemia, Wilson disease, glycogen storage disease, and phenylketonuria. CONCLUSION This study has preliminarily determined the carrier rate and incidence of 21 inherited metabolic diseases among a Chinese population of childbearing age, which has provided valuable information for the design of neonatal screening program for inherited metabolic diseases. Pre-conception carrier screening can provide an important measure for the prevention of transmission of Mendelian disorders in the population.
Asians/genetics* ; China ; Exome ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Metabolic Diseases/genetics* ; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics* ; Oxidoreductases/genetics* ; Whole Exome Sequencing

Objective To investigate the effect ofplatelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and conditional medium of U87 glioma cells on the migration ability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to understand the possible role of PDGF in the directional migration of hMSCs toward gliomas. Methods hMSCs were isolated from the whole bone marrow by adherent culture, and the expression of PDGF receptor (PDGFR-α, β) in the cells was examined by RT-PCR. In vitro migration assay was performed using transwell inserts to observe the effect of PDGF (0, 5, 50, and 125 ng/mL) and the conditional medium on the directional migration ability ofhMSCs. The changes in the migration ability of hMSCs in response to addition of anti-PDGF antibody in the conditional medium were investigated. Results RT-PCR detected the expression of PDGFR- αand PDGFR-β mRNA in the isolated hMSCs. In the cell migration assay, both PDGF and the conditional medium induced directional migration of hMSCs (P<0.05), which was significantly suppressed by anti-PDGF antibody P<0.05). Conclusion With chemokine-like activities, PDGF concentration-dependently enhances the directional migration of hMSCs toward gliomas in vitro.