OBJECTIVE:To investigate rules and characteristics of the adverse drug reactions(ADR)induced by monoclonal antibodies,and provide reference for rational drug use. METHODS:The literatures of ADR induced by monoclonal antibodies from Jan. 1979 to Dec. 2014 were retrieved and analyzed. RESULTS:Among the 132 ADRs induced by monoclonal antibodies,57 were male(43.18%),75 were female(56.82%),the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.3,the youngest was 2 years old,and oldest was 111 years old;Adalimumab dominated monoclonal antibody drugs(70 cases,53.03%);there were a maximum of ADR(44) within 1 d,accounting for 33.33%;ADR induced by monoclonal antibodies mainly were skin lesions (20.72%),systemic reac-tions(18.42%)and cardiovascular system damage(16.78%),with the specific performance of rash,itching,chills,fever,palpi-tation,rapid heartbeat and so on. CONCLUSIONS:ADR induced by monoclonal antibodies is more common in the clinic. The clin-ic should timely promote and strengthen the patients' care to ensure safe drug use and improve level of clinical treatment.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of immunofecal occult blood test in screening of colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions in a large series of health checkup population. Methods Colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions in 5919 subjects undergoing health checkup in our hospital were screened out by using immunofecal occult blood test from July 2006 to June 2007; positive cases with the test were subjected to colorectal endoscopy or X-ray barium enema examination. Relevant results were analyzed in combination with clinical and pathological data. Results Positive result was obtained in 314 out of the 5919 subjects undergoing health checkup with immunofecal occult blood test; the positive rate was 5.30%. 241 cases(76.75% )of them accepted colorectal endoscopic examination and 23 cases(7.32%) accepted X-ray barium enema examination. The total follow up rate was 84.08% with 50 cases out of contact. After excluding the cases out of cantact, 16 cases of colorectal cancer were found morbidity 2.37‰ including 8(50.00% )cases of Dukes A,7 cases (43.75%)of Dukes B and 1 case of Dukes C (6 .25%).The detection rate of colorectal cancer with postive imunofecal occult blood test was 6.06% (16/264). 94 cases (16.01‰) of adenomatous polyps were found including 55 cases (58.51%) of tubular adenoma, 23 cases (24.47% )of villiform- tubular adenoma and 16 cases(17.02%) of villfform adenoma. Among these cases 55 (58.51%)were solitary and 39(41.49%) multiple. In addition, 6 cases of ulcerative colitis in active phase were found. Altogether 116 (43.94%)of the 264 cases with positive immunofecal blood test and not out of contact were found to have colorectal cancer or its precancerous lesions. Conclusion Immunofecal occult blood test is suitable for screening of colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions in large series of population. Colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions may be found in relatively early phase and be eradicated in curable stage, thus to reduce the morbidity and mortality.

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on inflammatory responses in brain tissues of the patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.Methods A total of 40 ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 65-80 yr,scheduled for elective unilateral carotid endarterectomy under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:dexmedetomidine group (group Dex) and control group (group C).In group Dex,dexmedetomidine 0.03 μg · kg-1 · min-1 was infused over 10 min before induction of anesthesia,and after tracheal intubation dexmedetomidine was then infused at a rate of 0.3 μg · kg-1 · min-1 until 30 min before the end of operation.The equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.At 20 min before induction of anesthesia (T0),10 min after induction of anesthesia (T1),15 min after carotid artery clamping (T2),15 min after carotid artery unclamping (T3),and at 6 and 24 h after operation (T4,5),blood samples were drawn from the ispilateral jugular bulb for determination of serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) (by TBA) and S100B,tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (by ELISA).Results Compared with group C,the serum S100B concentrations were significantly decreased at T3-5,the serum TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations were decreased at T2.5,and the serum MDA concentration was decreased at T3 in group Dex.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the brain damage through mitigating inflammatory responses in brain tissues of the patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway in mice with endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),endotoxin-induced ALI group (group ALI),and dexmedetomidine group (group Dex).ALI was induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 5 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally.Dexmedetomidine 40 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 1 h after LPS injection in group Dex,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in C and ALI groups.At 6 h after LPS injection,blood samples were collected from the carotid artery to detect arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2).The mice were then sacrificed,and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for determination of the concentrations of total protein,interleukin-1β (IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α).The lung tissues were removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),and expression of phosphorylated JAK2 (p-JAK2),phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3),IL-1β mRNA,IL-6 mRNA and TNF-α mRNA,and for examination of the pathological changes which were scored.Results Compared with group C,the PaO2 was significantly decreased,and W/D ratio,lung injury score,concentrations of total protein,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in BALF,and expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were increased in ALI and Dex groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group ALI,the PaO2 was significantly increased,and W/D ratio,lung injury score,concentrations of total protein,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in BALF,and expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA,p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were decreased in group Dex (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine attenuates LPS-induced ALI is probably related to inhibition of activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in mice.

OBJECTIVE To study multiple factors on bone graft healing of mandibular reconstruction. METHODS Patients were divided into two groups: healing group(31 cases) and healing delayed group(10 cases).By comparison between two groups,the factors on wound healing after bone grafting were studied. RESULTS In patient′s age and sex,bone graft type and size,and history of operation on bone graft done,there were no differences between two groups.Extraoral and intraoral passage was the important factor to two groups,P=0.000. CONCLUSIONS It is important for us to treat wound carefully while bone graft is carried with extraoral and intraoral passage.

Objective To observe the effect of different concentrations of parathyroid hormone 1-34 on the adipogenic potential of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods ① Rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells were separated and expanded by adherent culture.The morphology of cells was observed and cell surface markers were examined by flow cytometry.② The multi-lineage differentiation capability of cells was examined by culturing cells under conditions favorable for adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.③ Taken P3 of BMSCs for test,different concentrations of PTH1-34 (0,10-10,10-9,10-8 mol/L) were used to stimulate BMSCs respectively,14 days later,lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were measured by enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA),mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and PPARγ-2 were measured by realiime polymerase chain reaction (PCR).④ Statistical analysis:data were presented as x±s.All statistical analysis was performed with windows Statistical Praduct and Serice Solutions (SPSS) 13.0.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the difference between groups.Least signisicant difference (LSD) was used to determine the difference between the two randomized groups.Differences were considered significant at a value of P＜0.05.Results The cells expressed CD44,CD29 but without expression of CD45.By culturing in adipogenic medium for 3 weeks and in osteogenic medium for 4 weeks respectively,and then identified by oil red O and Alizarin red,the cells were successfully induced to adipocytes and osteogenesis.Expressions of LPL were 11.20±0.16,7.62±0.48,5.84±0.57,5.32±0.52,mRNA expressions of PPARγ-2 were 2.80±0.05,1.36±0.23,0.94-±0.11,0.78±0.04,ALP activity were 0.191 ±0.016,0.333±0.024,0.549±0.025,0.684±0.021 respectively.Compared with the control group,different concentrations of PTH1-34 groups could decrease mRNA expression of LPL and PPARγ-2.ALP activity were increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion PTH1-34 inhibits BMSCs of adipogenic differentiation and promotes osteogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To study the effect of a polysaccharide from cuscuta chinensis lam (PCCL) on antisenility and its mechanism. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomized into 6 groups. The three PCCL groups were administrated with PCCL of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 orally, the positive control group with vitamin E of 200 mg?kg -1?d -1, the model group and control group with the same volume of control solution only. At the same time, the model group, the positive group and the three PCCL groups were subcutaneously injected of 5% D-gal at the dose of 0.5 ml at the nape, and the control with the same volume of saline solution. Seven weeks later, the MDA, SOD activity, GSH-PX activity in the liver and kidney of mice and lipofuscin (LF) in mouse brain were detected with the methods of TBA, Nitrate, DTNB and Sohal, respectively. The data were analyzed with SPSS software and the data between groups were analyzed with one-factor variance analysis. Results Thymus index and spleen index dropped, LF rose in brain, malondialdehyde (MDA) content rose and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) dropped in liver and kidney in senile mouse model. PCCL administration of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 made thymus index and spleen index rising, LF dropping in brain, MDA content dropping,SOD and GSH-PX LF rising in liver and kidney of senile mouse model. Conclusion PCCL may postpone senility, which mechanism probably connected with rising immunity, eliminating oxygen free radicals and antilipoperoxidation.

Objective To sum up the experience for the treatment of splenic trauma. Methods Data of 129 cases of traumatic splenic rupture from 1984 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Conservative management was undertaken in 17 cases, splenorrhaphy in 16 cases, total splenectomy in 86 cases, partial splenectomy in 8 cases, and splenic autotransplantation in 23 cases. The results were all satisfactory. Conclusion In splenic trauma, treatment modality should be on adopted case to case basis according to the types of splenic rupture. Combined splenic salvage can be used on certain conditions.

Objective To evaluate the effect of operation on aged women with breast cancer. Methods The clinical data of the 166 patients recruited from 1989 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Results One hundred and sixty six patients were all treated by operation. The modified radical mastectomy was performed in 98 cases(59.0%), radical masteetomy in 21 cases(12.7%), mastectomy in 29 cases (17.5%), palliative operation in 18 cases (10.8%). After operation, one hundred and twenty six patients received chemotherapy, twelve radiotherapy and 73 endocrine therapy. The rates of postoperative complications were 10.8%, no patients died during operation. The overall postoperative 3-and 5-year survival rates were 82.2% and 65.2% respectively. Conclusions The effect of surgical treatment and its combination with other adjunct therapies is satisfactory for aged women with breast cancer. Different types of operations should be performed for different patients. Ageing is not a contraindication of the operation. Surgery should be combined with medical therapy to reduce the concomitant diseases and postoperative complications.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second major neurodegenerative disease.The pathogenesis of PI) is still unclear.It is generally believed that neural damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy dysfunction caused by the transmission and aggregation of a- synuclein play an important role in the occurrence and development of PD.More and more research show- that metabolic disorder is one of the pathogenesis of PD.We examined whether overexpression of a- synuclein could induce metabolic disorder in mice and the possible mechanisms.Mice were divided into two groups: Thyl-aSYN transgenic mice (TG) and the control wild-type (WT) group.The rotarod test was used to analyze motor function in mice.We detected the body weight, plasma insulin content, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance in the two group mice.The morphology of islets in the two groups were observed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, and the islets were isolated to detect the glucose- stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS).The results showed that compared with the WT group, exercise tolerance of 12-month-old TG group decreased by 23.1% (P < 0.05) , body weight increased by 7% (P < 0.01), glucose tolerance decreased (P < 0.05), insulin tolerance decreased (P < 0.05), and insulin contents in the peripheral blood decreased by 20% (P < 0.05).Compared with the WT group, the levels of ce -syn proteins in the pancreas of the TG group increased by 1.32 times (P < 0.05) , the area of islets in the TG group decreased (P < 0.05 ) , the number of islets decreased (P < 0.01) , and the insulin secretion function decreased (P< 0.01).This study showed that the role of a-synuclein in PD is not limited to the damage of dopaminergic neurons, it also can affect metabolism and the morphology and function of peripheral organs, which provides a new theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of PD.