OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of infectious diseases and diagnostic and therapeutic conditions in pediatric department of a general hospital,and try to find out the measures to decrease hospital infection.METHODS From Jan 2004 to Dec 2005,507 cases of infectious diseases were retrospectively analyzed in pediatric department of our hospital.RESULTS Among them epidemic parotitis,infectious diarrhea and bacillary dysentery were 56.2%,20.1%,and 17.4%,respectively.Others were measles,scarlet fever,rebella,viral hepatitis,epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,typhoid,and syphilis.Among the cases,the most were outpatients.CONCLUSIONS Because the species of infectious diseases are various and the amount are large,the pediatric department is important in a general hospital for management of hospital infection.Strengthening the standardized management of pediatric infectious diseases and taking strong measures may play the important role in control the cross infection.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical characteristics of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity and to provide reference for rational use of cefepime.METHODS:Medical records of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity were collected from medical literatures from 1997 to 2009.Age and gender of 46 patients,primary diseases,drug usage,onset time of ADR,clinical symptom and prognosis were analyzed.RESULTS:Of 46 patients,25 cases were male and 21 female.Their average age was (59.56?18.84) years old (unknown age of 1 case).38 cases received cefepime alone and 8 cases cefepime combined with other drugs.All patients were administered by intravenous infusion.Of 46 patients,32 patients suffered from chronic renal failure,among which 10 patients received overdosage of medicine (unknown dosage of 1 case).Clinical symptoms of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity were encephalopathy,myoclonus and epilepsy.The occurrence time of neurotoxicity was (4.39?2.18)d (unknown occurrence time of 2 cases).The symptoms of 36 cases were relieved and cured after drug withdrawal and treatment with mean cure duration of (2.67?2.64)d.CONCLUSION:Great importance should be attached to the antibacterial effects of cefepime and cefepime-induced neurotoxicity.

Objective To investigate relationship between atrial septal thickness and atrial function by transesophageal echocardiography(TEE). Methods TEE and automatic bound detection (ABD) were performed in 83 consecutive sinus rhythm subjects including four groups: control group, nonrheumatic heart disease group, rheumatic mild mitral stenosis group and rheumatic severe mitral stenosis group. Results Atrial septal thickness(AST)and atrial septal thickness fraction (ASTF) were different in various heart diseases. There was high correlation respectively between left atrial diameter(LAD) and AST(r= -0.601 8 ,P

Speeding up the training of quality personnel in clinical medicine is an important historic mission of clinicians. Practice has proven that the training, growth and maturity of quality clinical personnel are inseparable from clinical practice. Thus, firstly, clinical workers must, in accordance with the goals of training, rigorously enforce process management, including implementation of the training regulations, strict assessments, and cultivation of abilities in doing scientific research and writing up research papers. Secondly, the overall quality of postgraduates must be enhanced. Thirdly, files of postgraduates must be set up. Fourthly, experience in training academic degree postgraduates in clinical medicine should be constantly summed up, including ways of strengthening organization and control and clarifying goals and requirements

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) combined with partially deproteinized bone (PDPB) (aFGF/PDPB) well promotes avascularization in animals with early-stage avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH), but the histological results remain unknown.OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological repairing effects of aFGF/PDPB on early-stage ANFH in rabbits. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were established models of bilateral ANFH and were randomly divided into a blank group, a simple PDPB group, and an aFGF/PDPB group. PDPB and aFGF/PDPB bone were implanted into the PDPB and aFGF/PDPB group accordingly. The blank group did not receive any implantation. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery, all animals were sacrificed for histological examination to observe the osteogenesis by hematoxylin-eosin staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Defects were filled with granulation tissues and fibrous connective tissues, only a little osteoid tissue formed at the borderline in the blank group at the end of the 8th week. In the PDPB group, a little new bone and cavitas medullaris formed. At 8 weeks, lots of graft was absorbed and cavitas medullaris formed with more osteoplasts and myeloid cells in it. The osteogenesis in the aFGF/PDPB group was better than that of PDPB group in each time point. At 4 weeks, the transplanted cavity was filled with osteoid tissues, a lot of osteogenic precursor cells and osteoblasts could be seen. Plenty of micrangium was observed, and osteoid tissues began to rebuild. At 8 weeks, the graft was replaced by bone tissues, and cavitas medullaris were formed with lots of bone marrow cells in it. At the borderline of the bone trabecula, there were lots of osteoplast and little osteoclasts, which may play a role in bone remodeling. There were mature bone cells in bone lacuna. Results indicate that aFGF/PDPB has better repair effect on rabbit model of ANFH than that of simple PDPB.

Objective:To establish a GC-MS method for the simultaneous determination of 16 phthalate ester plasticizers in oral liquid preparations, compare the purification effect of liquid preparations by liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction and opti-mize the operating parameters to determine the optimal experimental conditions. Methods:The samples were operated by liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction, respectively. Selective ion monitor ( SIM) was adopt, phthalate esters were identified by the rela-tive abundance of major characteristic ions and the content was determined by an external standard method. Results:When the samples were operated by liquid-liquid extraction, the interference was strong with many impurity peaks. Therefore, the solid phase extraction was adopted for the sample pretreatment. GC-MS was used to detect the residues of 16 phthalate ester plasticizers in oral liquid prepara-tions. The detection limit was 0. 02μg·g-1 ,while the calibration curve showed good linearity within the range of 0. 25-8. 0μg·ml-1 with the correlation coefficient between 0. 990 7 and 0. 999 8. The average recoveries were 76. 0%-95. 4%. The relative standard devi-ations were between 2. 3% and 9. 6%(n=6). Conclusion: Pretreated by solid phase extraction, the residues of 16 phthalate ester plasticizers in oral liquid preparations can be detected by GC-MS with the properties of simple, fast, precise and sensitive, and it is suitable for the determination of phthalate esters in oral liquid preparations.

A new series of 3-phenyl-3-pyrrolylpentane derivatives are synthesized through modifying the structure of lead compound LG19055,a nonsecosteroidal vitamin D receptor(VDR)agonist.The VDR-agonistic ability of target compounds was measured indirectly by evaluating the differentiation ability of HL-60 cell.The results showed that compounds 13a,13c,13d,13h,13i,13j have excellent VDR-agonistic ability(EC50 <50 μmol /L), especially for compound 13j (EC50 =0.10 μmol /L),which was more potential than that of lead compound LG190155.Their proliferation inhibitory activities in vitro were evaluated by MTT assay in MCF-7,PC-3,Caco-2, HepG2 and L02 cell lines.Compound 13a exhibited significant inhibitory effects on HepG2 cell line(IC50 =0.11μmol /L).Moreover,the inhibitory effect of compound 13a on non-tumor liver L02 cell line was relatively weak (IC50 =15.24 μmol /L ),suggesting that compound 13a has selective inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells.Additionally,HL-60 cell differentiation-inducing activity and the inhibitory effect of cancer cells were posi-tively related.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of three flavonoids in Tianjihuang gran -ules.Methods:A ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 column was used.The mobile phase was methanol-0.2%phosphoric acid solution (42∶58).The detection wavelength was 350 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1.Results:The linear range of isoquercitrin, quer-citrin and quercetin was 4.572-114.300 μg· ml-1(r=0.999 8), 7.028-175.700 μg· ml-1(r=0.999 8) and 2.195-54.880 μg· ml-1(r=0.999 9), respectively.The average recovery was 98.01%(RSD=1.24%, n=6), 98.14%(RSD=0.98%, n=6) and 97.00%(RSD=1.09%, n=6) , respectively.Conclusion:The method is specific and simple,which can be used for the quality con-trol of Tianjihuang granules.

Aim: To set a suitable route for efficient expression and purification of recombinant hyaluronan syn-thase from Pasteurella multocida (rPmH AS). Methods: Coding sequences were cloned and expressed in Esche-richia coli strain of BL-21( DE3). Then rPmHAS was purified through a simple Ni-affinity chromatography and identified by hyaluronic acid binding protein ( HABP) based ELISA assay. Results: High yield expression of functional rPmHAS exceeding the highest production reported hitherto was achieved, and the purity of rPmHAS was as high as 90%. Conclusion: In this study, an optimized system of the expression, purification and identifica-tion route for large scale preparation of rPmHAS was established, which will be helpful for accelerating further study of PmHAS and facilitating fine researches on peculiar hyaluronic acid with special properties.

Aim: Synthesized N-acylated chitosan(NAC) was used to anchor on the surface of plain docetaxel li-posomes( PDL) in order to to sustain drug release. Methods; NAC of low substitution degrees were prepared using hexanoic(C_6), lauric( C_(12)), and palmitic( C_(16)) anhydrides. W-palmitoyl chitosan was chosen to anchor the do-cetaxel liposomes. In vitro release profiles of conventional liposmes and the anchored liposomes was compared. Results: Hexanoic(C_6), lauric( C_(12)), and palmitic( C_(16)) -branched chitosans were synthesized. It was found that N-acylated chitosan-anchored DXL liposomes (NDL) increase stabilities of docetaxel liposomes. 70% of docetaxel was released from PDL in 24 hours but 39% from NDL Conclusion: Liposomes anchored by the low substituted N-acylated chitosan could decrease the drug release.