AIM　To study protective effect of taurine on diaphragm against adriamycim cytotoxity in rabbits.METHODS　The rabbits were divided randomly into three groups.①Control group:The animals were administered NS 2 ml*kg-1 for five days. ②Adriamycin+NS group:The animals were administered NS 2ml*kg-1 for five days and then administered adriamycin 10 mg*kg-1.③Adriamycin+taurine group:The animals were administered taurine 100 mg*kg-1 for five days and then administered adriamycin 10 mg*kg-1.After 24 h,three groups animals were anaesthetized.The transdiaphragmatic pressure(Pdi) and diaphragm evoked potential(DEP) were measured.SOD and MDA were tested.the ultrastructure of diaphragm cells was investigated by eletronmicroscopy.RESULTS　The Pdi and amplitude of DEP were lowered by adriamycin(P＜0.01).The levels of MDA was increased and the activity of SOD was decreased in diaphragm(P＜0.05).The disorder of myofibrills,swelling of mitochondria with broken cristase can be observed by electronmicroscopy.The above changes were inhibited by taurine.CONCLUSIONS　The taurine could scavenge the toxic radicals generated by adriamycin and protect the diaphragm myocytes.

AIM To study protective effect of taurine on diaphragm against adriamycim cytotoxity in rabbits. METHODS The rabbits were divided randomly into three groups. groups group: The animals were administered NS 2 ml.kg- 1 for five days. ②Adriamycin + NS group: The animals were administered NS 2ml. kg-1 for five days and then administered adriamycin 10 mg. kg- 1. ③Adriamycin + taurine group: The animals were administered taurine 100 mg. kg-1 for five days and then administered adriamycin 10 mg?kg- 1. After 24 h, three groups animals were anaesthetized. The transdiaphragmatic pressure(Pdi) and diaphragm evoked potential(DEP) were measured. an and MDA were tested. the ultrastructure of diaphragm cells was investigated by eletronmicroscopy. RESULTS The Pdi and amplitude of DEP were lowered by adriamrcin(P

To study the protective effect of Shengmai Injection on adriamycin-induced cytotoxity of diaphragm in rabbits. The rabbits were randomly allocated to three groups. The control group were treated with NS 2 ml?kg -1 for five days, adriamycin+NS group with NS 2ml?kg -1 for five days and then administered adriamycin 10 mg?kg -l and adriamycin + Shengmai Injection group with Shengmi Injection 2 ml?kg -l for five days and then administered adriamycin 10 mg?kg -1 . Twenty-four hours later, animals in the three groups were anaesthetized. Then the transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and diaphragm evoked potential(DEP) were measured, SOD activity and MDA content were tested and the ultrastructure of diaphragm cells was observed under electron microscope. Adriamycin could lower the Pdi and amplitude of DEP (P

Objective To understand the testing capability for organochlorine pesticides of the food inspection labs in China. Methods The CNCA organized the proficiency testing(PT) of determination of heptachlor, aldrin and dieldrin in the vegetable oils. 21 labs from 14 provinces (cities) took part in the PT. The GC method prescribed by official method of AOAC was recommended, other method was also permitted. Results The PT showed that 81.0%-85.7% labs presented satisfactory results, 9.5% had questionable results and 4.8%-9.5% had dissatisfactory results. Conclusion Most of the labs that took part in the PT have good competence in analyzing organochlorine pesticides.

Objective To explore the clinical value of 3-dimensional CT angiographic (3D-CTA) imaging of vertebral artery. Methods Volume rendering (VR) and shaded surface display (SSD) of 3D-CTA were adopted to examine 67 patients whose primary clinical diagnosis was vertebral artery insufficiency. Among them, 7 were examined with selective vertebral artery angiography.Results One hundred and thirty-three vertebral arteries (52 normal ones and 81 with lesions) were displayed and the rest one was not displayed due to complete occlusion. The lesions consisted of congenital abnormities, compression or displacements caused by traction, rough vascular surface, calcification, lumen stenosis, partial occlusion etc.. The vertebral arteries with developmental abnormities could be complicated with various other lesions, also the lesions might occur on multiple sections of a single vertebral artery; the description was as follows: there were 31 vertebral arteries with congenital abnormities (17 with developmental thinness and 14 with abnormally extended courses); 11 with lesions on initial sections (V1) (10 with roughened vascular surfaces and thin diameter, among which 3 were twisted in an anglular shape and 1 was calcified ); 30 with lesions (13 with the displacements caused by hyperosteogeny compression, 7 with internal displacements caused by traction, 10 with local lesions) on cervical vertebrae sections (V2) and atlanto-occipital section (V3); 55 with lesions (52 with beaded shapes and coarse walls, among which 2 had calcification and 3 partially blocked ) on intracranial sections (V4). Thirteen lesions on 8 abnormal blood vessels out of the 14 blood vessels of 7 patients, who were examined with the selective vertebral artery angiography, had lesions including stenoses displayed as significant by 3D-CTA but displayed as mild by DSA on 2 intracranial sections, and the examining results of 3D-CTA conform to those of DSA for lesions on other 11 sections. Conclusion 3D-CTA can distinctly display the whole course of the vertebral arteries and show its anatomical relationships with vertebrae. 3D-CTA is superior to other angiographic method to display congenital abnormalities and/or calcification of the vertebral arteries and assess the status of vertebral bones. It provides important information for diagnosis of vertebral artery disease.

Objective: Effects of Shenmai injection and aminophylline alone or in combination on transdiaphragmatic pressure and electrical activity of diaphragm were observed, so as to evaluate their effecfs on diaphragmatic fatigue. Methods: The diaphramatic fatique (DiF) model was estab- lished by stimulating bilateral phrenic nerves for 40 minutes. The animals were allocated to three groups: Shenmai group (2mL/kg, N=7), aminophylline group (20mg/kg, N=7) and combi- nation group (Shenmai injection 2mL/kg+aminophylline 20mg/kg, N=7) The transdi- aphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and diaphragmatic electromyogram (EMGdi) were recorded before and after treatment. EMGdi was analysed by computer and then the high/low frequency ratio (H/L) and the central frequency (Fc) were caculated. The diaphragm evoked potential (DEP) was record- ed simutaneously. All data was analysed by analysis of variance and q test. Results: Pdi, H/L, Fc and amplitude of DEP were markedly increased after the treatment with aminophyline and Shen- mai injection alone (Compared with DiF. P

Objective To assess the treatment of splenic artery aneurysms(SAA) and curative effect evaluation.Methods Twelve SAA patients treated in our hospital from January 2012 to May 2014 were clinical analyzed.The male in Twelve patients was 4 man and others were female.The vagus splenic artery aneurysms are originated from the superior mesenteric artery,tumors are single,from 1.5cm to 2.8cm in diameter,an average of 2.1cm.Twelve cases were performed surgery,4 patients underwent elective surgery,interventional embolization of the splenic aneurysm in 3 patient,The others were performed interventional embolization + superior mesenteric artery covered stents.Results Technical success was achieved in all twelve patients,2 patients had adverse effects such as abdominal pain,fever,etc.There revealed no aneurysm recurrence was found.Twelve patients were followed for 6-24 months,the follow-up by examinations with electronic computer X-ray tomography or color Doppler ultrasonic as well as angiography every 3 months.One patient died of severe abdominal bleeding 1 year later after the operation and the other eleven patients remained in good condition with no occurrence of re-canalization of the lesions.Conclusions For the vagus splenic aneurysm with suitable for anatornic conditions,cavity therapy is safe and effective,for the vagus splenic aneurysm involving hepatic artery,need to open surgery for vascular remodeling.

Objective:To explore the relations of psychological stress reactions to workplace violence and so-cial acknowledgement among emergency nurses.Methods:Totally 444 emergency nurses from 8 tertiary hospitals and 1 second A hospital in Beijing were selected.Psychological stressful reactions were measured with the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R).The social acknowledgment from general society and family to victims was assessed with the Social Acknowledgment Questionnaire (SAQ).Results:Among the 444 samples,96.8% sustained verbal assaults,43.2% underwent physical assaults,32.0% encountered threats,and 4.3% suffered sexual assaults.The results of ANOVA analysis indicated that nurses who suffered 3 types of violence had higher scores of IES-R than the ones who endured one type of violence and 2 types of violence[(22.0 ±16.1)vs.(15.4 ±15.6),(18.1 ± 16.1),Ps <0.01)].Similarly,those nurses who suffered 4 types of violence had higher scores of IES-R than the ones who enduredone type of violence and 2 types of violence [(33.4 ±17.1)vs.(15.4 ±15.6),(18.1 ±16.1), Ps <0.01].Regressive analysis showed that family disapproval,general disapproval,and violence types predicted psychological stress reactions,(β=0.13 -0.40,P <0.05,adjust R2 =0.27).Conclusion:It suggests that violence types,social disapproval and family disapproval may play vital roles in predicting the degree of posttraumatic dis-tress in emergency nurses after suffering from hospital violence.

Objective:To access the feasibility and safety of application of flexible laryngeal mask air-way ( FLMA) in oral&maxillofacial day surgery. Methods:Retrospective study was conducted of 40 oral& maxillofacial day surgery patients (3 to 61 years of age) using FLMA under general anaesthesia in De-partment of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. All the patients were with American Society of Anesthesiologists ( ASA ) physical status Ⅰ -Ⅱ, including 19 males and 21 females. The patients' vital signs were recorded at five different time points:baseline before anesthesia ( T0 ) , time right after the FLMA insertion ( T1 ) , time at incision ( T2 ) , 15 min after incision ( T3 ) and time at the end of the operation ( T4 ) . The first attempted FLMA insertion successful rate and the number of timed of changing to endotracheal intubation were recorded. During operation, frequencies of movement, hypoxia and obstruction of airway were noted and the operation time, anesthesia time, time from the end of the operation to extubation, movement and coughing following extubation and sore throat within 24 h were taken down. Operation-related complications of bleeding, hematoma and injury of local nerves were recorded within 24 h as well. Results:The operations of all the 40 patients were successfully done under general anaesthesia. The 36 ( 90%, 36/40 ) patients using FLMA successfully were under steady process, including 16 males and 20 females. The first attempted successful rate of FLMA insertion was 80% (32/40), and the second 50% (4/8). Three out of the 4 failed FLMA patients were changed to endotracheal intubation after the second attempt failed. The other patient was changed to endotracheal intubation before operation because of leak. The average operation time was (46. 58 ± 22. 57) min, the anesthesia time was ( 77 . 97 ± 26 . 82 ) min and the time from the end of operation to extubation was (8. 31 ± 3. 33) min. All the patients were recorded without obvious body movement during the operation procedure. There were 4 patients (11. 11%, 4/36) with slight body movement during extubation. The incidence of sore throat was 13. 89% (5/36) within 24 h postoperatively. There were no complications of bleeding, hematoma and injury of local nerves. The vital signs of baseline T0 were significantly different from those at other time points T1, T2, T3, and T4 (P<0. 01). As to the hearts rate after anesthesia, the values at T1, T2, T3 and T4 for two-two comparison, there was no statistical difference (P>0. 05). As to the values of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after anesthesia at T1 and T4 , T2 and T3, for two-two comparison, there was no statistical difference (P>0. 05). As to the respiratory rate from the start of the surgery, the values at T2, T3 and T4 showed no statistical difference (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Flexible laryngeal mask airway is a supraglottic airway management method. It is suitable and safe for securing the airway in oral & maxillofacial day surgery. The advantages of fewer haemody-namic changes and postoperative complications are confirmed.

Postoperative patients who underwent digestive tract reconstruction have a high risk of malnutrition and absorbing bar-rier. Enteral nutrition support can effectively maintain and improve the nutritional status of the human body, shorten hospital stay, and reduce complications. Therefore, the enteral approach is the preferred postoperative means of nutrition support. This article retrospec-tively summarizes the appropriate time to start enteral nutrition support therapy after digestive tract reconstruction, the proper selection of the mode of enteral nutrition support, the different enteral nutrition preparations, and the treatment of postoperative complications.