Foam Cells ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Humans

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Mesenchymal tumors are the most frequent submucosal tumors in gastrointestinal trail. We reviewed the mesenchymal tumors which are confirmed by pathology to examine whether the invasive approach of all mesenchymal tumors is necessary. METHODS: This study was performed on fifty-nine patients who has mesenchymal tumors confirmed by endoscopic or surgical resection from January 2000 to June 2004. RESULTS: Mesenchymal tumors consisted of thirty-six gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), 20 leiomyomas and 3 schwannomas. All the esophageal tumors were leiomyoma (12/12, 100%). In stomach, there were 32 GISTs (76.2%), 7 leiomyomas (16.7%) and 3 schwannomas (7.1%). And there were 4 GISTs (80.0%) and 1 leiomyoma (20.0%) in duodenum. Tumors less than 1 cm in maximal diameter were leiomyoma or GISTs with very low risk of aggressive behavior. 56.1% of the tumors larger than 1 cm consisted of low, intermediate or high risk GISTs. CONCLUSIONS: Biopsy must be considered according to its size and anatomic location of mesenchymal tumors. The invasive approach for every esophageal submucosal tumor is not necessary unless the size is very large, because most of them are benign in nature. However, the gastric submucosal tumor with more than 1 cm in diameter should be carefully and regularly followed up or biopsied because it cannot be assumed to be benign for any GIST more than 1 cm in size at the present time, safely.
Adult ; Aged ; *Biopsy, Needle ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/*pathology ; Humans ; Leiomyoma/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma/pathology ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Neuroendocrine Tumors/pathology* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology*

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs) are rarely reported and it is important to give early diagnosis and proper therapy for these patients. Here reported a case of 62-year-old man with concomitant three early stage cancer lesions in upper gastrointestinal tract, all of which were detected by endoscopy. The first one was an IIc-type lesion at angular part of stomach under endoscopy, which was histologically confirmed to be a mucosal well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a standard radical gastrectomy for the lesion after the failure of endoscopic treatment. The other two neoplasms were observed during follow-up and were indicated as early stage lesions by synthesizing information from endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography and biopsy. One displayed as a hyperemic patch (3 cm×4 cm in size) located at the part of esophagus 27 cm away from the incisor teeth and was proved to be moderately differentiated squamous cancer by histopathological examination. The other was an IIc-type lesion (3.0 cm×3.5 cm in size) located at the part of esophagus 36 cm away from the incisor teeth, and the biopsy result showed a poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma. Both the two lesions were treated with radical radiation because the patient refused surgery management. No recurrence of former lesions or occurrence of novel lesions were observed during post-treatment follow-up, suggesting radical radiation might be effective for this patient.
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; diagnosis ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ; pathology

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Postoperative Period

Liver is the most common metastatic site of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST). The recurrence rate is high even after hepatectomy. Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) makes the resection feasible for some of the liver metastasis of GIST and significantly increase the overall survival, surgery still can not be substituted. Therefore, it is worth investigating and exploring the most appropriate treatment for the GIST with liver metastasis.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; therapy

The gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract showing differentiation along the line of interstitial cell of Cajal. The most GISTs in the stomach generally show the appearance of submucosal tumors. It is rare for GISTs to appear as a pedunculated polypoid lesion on endoscopy. We experienced a case of a 51-year-old man who had a pedunculated polypoid GIST. He was admitted to our hospital for nausea, vomiting, melena and severe anemia (hemoglobin 3.4 g/dL, hematocrit 10.8%). An upper endoscopy showed gastroduodenal intussusception due to a pedunculated polypoid mass. This report presents a rare case of endoscopically proven gastroduodenal intussusceptions due to pedunculated polypoid GIST in the stomach.
Duodenal Diseases/etiology/*pathology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/complications/*pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/complications/*pathology ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Intussusception/etiology/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

With the improvement of high-throughput genomic technology such as microarray and next-generation sequencing over the last ten to twenty year, we have come to know that the portion of the genome responsible for protein coding constitutes just approximately 1.5%. The remaining 98.5% of the genome not responsible for protein coding have been regarded as 'junk DNA'. More recently, however, 'Encyclopedia of DNA elements project' revealed that most of the junk DNA were transcribed to RNA regardless of being translated into proteins. In addition, many reports support that a lot of these non-coding RNAs play a role in gene regulation. In fact, there are various functioning short non-coding RNAs including rRNA, tRNA, small interfering RNA, and micro RNA. Mechanisms of these RNAs are relatively well-known. Until recently, however, little is known about long non-coding RNAs which consist of 200 nucleotides or more. In this article, we will review the representative long non-coding RNAs which have been reported to be related to gastrointestinal cancers and to play a certain role in its pathogenesis.
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics/*metabolism

With the improvement of high-throughput genomic technology such as microarray and next-generation sequencing over the last ten to twenty year, we have come to know that the portion of the genome responsible for protein coding constitutes just approximately 1.5%. The remaining 98.5% of the genome not responsible for protein coding have been regarded as 'junk DNA'. More recently, however, 'Encyclopedia of DNA elements project' revealed that most of the junk DNA were transcribed to RNA regardless of being translated into proteins. In addition, many reports support that a lot of these non-coding RNAs play a role in gene regulation. In fact, there are various functioning short non-coding RNAs including rRNA, tRNA, small interfering RNA, and micro RNA. Mechanisms of these RNAs are relatively well-known. Until recently, however, little is known about long non-coding RNAs which consist of 200 nucleotides or more. In this article, we will review the representative long non-coding RNAs which have been reported to be related to gastrointestinal cancers and to play a certain role in its pathogenesis.
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics/*metabolism