Child ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; immunology ; Humans

Ghrelin, a novel gastrointestinal peptide with 28 amino acids, is secreted from the A-like cells of the gastric fundus. This peptide hormone does not only promote the release of growth hormone, but also stimulates food intake, gastric motility and cardiac output. Increased plasma ghrelin level has been reported in patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) disease or in their disease animal model, suggesting its important role in the pathogenesis of upper GI disease.
Appetite/*physiology ; Cysteamine/metabolism ; Dyspepsia/etiology ; *Eating ; Gastrointestinal Diseases/*etiology ; Ghrelin/*physiology ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer/etiology

Adult ; Fever ; etiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Polyps ; complications ; Stomach Diseases ; complications

OBJECTIVETo understand the clinical features of gastrointestinal cow's milk allergy in children, and to assess the importance of cow's milk challenge.

METHODAn analysis was performed on the clinical manifestations and the challenge results of 50 children who received cow's milk challenges after admission to the department of gastroenterology, Children' s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January,2009 to December, 2012. The value of immunoglobulin E antibody was also analyzed among the 50 children, 25 cases were male and the other 25 were female. The youngest subject was 1. 6 months old, and the oldest was 20 months, most of the cases were younger than 6 months (36 cases).

RESULT(1) Diarrhea (27 cases, 54%) and hematochezia (25 cases, 50%) were the most common clinical features, vomiting, hematemesis and abdominal distention were rare. (2) Cow's milk challenges failed in 58% of the cases, 90% of whom showed delayed allergy. Diarrhea (19 cases, 73%) was the major later presentation, whereas the immediate hypersensitivity showed angio-edema, gastrointestinal symptom and rash. (3) The neutrophil count ((3.8 ± 2.8) x 10(9)/L vs. (2.5 ± 1.3) x 10(9)/L) was higher after challenge among children who failed the challenge. The change in the count of blood cell, neutrophil and platelet was studied, however, there were no statistical differences between the challenge-failed children and the passed ones. (4) Forty-seven cases had milk specific immunoglobulin E antibody test, and 5 showed positive results, 4 of whom were seen among the challenge-failed children.

CONCLUSIONDiarrhea and hematochezia was the most common clinical manifestation, and cow's milk protein induced proctocolitis was the most common disease in practice. It is important and necessary to perform cow's milk challenge.

Animals ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Hematemesis ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; immunology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Milk ; Milk Hypersensitivity ; immunology ; Vomiting ; etiology

The gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract showing differentiation along the line of interstitial cell of Cajal. The most GISTs in the stomach generally show the appearance of submucosal tumors. It is rare for GISTs to appear as a pedunculated polypoid lesion on endoscopy. We experienced a case of a 51-year-old man who had a pedunculated polypoid GIST. He was admitted to our hospital for nausea, vomiting, melena and severe anemia (hemoglobin 3.4 g/dL, hematocrit 10.8%). An upper endoscopy showed gastroduodenal intussusception due to a pedunculated polypoid mass. This report presents a rare case of endoscopically proven gastroduodenal intussusceptions due to pedunculated polypoid GIST in the stomach.
Duodenal Diseases/etiology/*pathology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/complications/*pathology ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/complications/*pathology ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Intussusception/etiology/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Animal gastrointestinal tract contains a complex community of microbes, whose composition ultimately reflects the co-evolution of microorganisms with their animal host. The gut microbial community of humans and animals has received significant attention from researchers because of its association with health and disease. The application of metagenomics technology enables researchers to study not only the microbial composition but also the function of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. In this paper, combined with our own findings, we summarized advances in studying gastrointestinal tract microorganism with metagenomics and the bioinformatics technology.
Animals ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; microbiology ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; etiology ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; etiology ; Metagenome ; physiology ; Metagenomics ; methods ; Obesity ; etiology

The clinical manifestations of intestinal tuberculosis are non-specific. But, abdominal pain, low grade fever, weight loss, anorexia, and diarrhea are major symptoms of intestinal tuberculosis. Massive bleeding has been reported as a rare manifestation of intestinal tuberculosis. Massive hematochezia from intestinal tuberculosis has rarely been reported in the medical literature. Also, most of them were treated with anti-tuberculosis medication only or with surgery. We treated a case of intestinal tuberculosis presenting massive hematochezia with colonoscopic coagulation therapy and anti-tuberculosis medication. Here, we report a Korean man who presented with massive hematochezia from ileal tuberculosis and treated by endoscopic coagulation therapy.
Adult ; English Abstract ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*etiology/therapy ; *Hemostasis, Endoscopic ; Humans ; Ileal Diseases/*complications/diagnosis ; Male ; Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal/*complications/diagnosis

Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; physiopathology ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis

Inflammatory fibroid polyp occurs very rarely in the jejunum and gastrointestinal bleeding as an initial manifestation of inflammatory fibroid polyp has not been reported. We report a case of a jejunal inflammatory fibroid polyp presenting with melena for 10 days. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination was negative for any active bleeding lesions and abdominal angiography failed to localize the bleeding site as well. In contrast, computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrated a segmental wall thickening of the jejunum with a tumor-like mass lesion associated with dense contrast enhancement. Consistent with this, technetium 99m red blood cells scintigraphy exhibited red cell pooling at the right upper quadrant. On exploratory laparotomy, there was an active bleeding from the site of the jejunal tumor and a segmental resection was performed. Histologically, the tumor lesion of the jejunum was consistent with inflammatory fibroid polyp. Thus, we conclude that the tumor lesion was a cause of the gastrointestinal bleeding.
Adult ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*etiology ; Humans ; Intestinal Polyps/diagnosis/*pathology ; Jejunal Diseases/diagnosis/*pathology ; Male

Brunner's gland hamartomas are rare tumors of duodenum, they are often discovered incidentally during esophagogastroduodenoscopy or upper gastrointestinal series. These tumors arise mainly in the duodenal bulb and can present with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and intestinal obstruction. Most of Brunner's gland hamartomas are located within the range of the standard esophagogastroduodenoscope. However, they are rarely located below the third portion of duodenum. As well known, the small intestine, including the 4th portion of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, is relatively inaccessible with routine endoscopy. Thus, the diagnosis of Brunner's gland hamartoma in these area can be delayed up to several months after onset of symptoms. We report a case of Brunner's gland hamartoma which was located in the fourth portion of the duodenum and presented as obscure gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Radiologic, surgical, and pathologic appearances are presented.
Brunner Glands ; Duodenal Diseases/*complications/diagnosis ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*etiology ; Hamartoma/*complications/diagnosis ; Humans ; Middle Aged