Objective To examine the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease1 (APE1) in primary small cell carcinoma of esophagus(PSEC) ,then investigate the relationship between these SNPs and the prognosis.Methods Sixty cases first-treated patients with PSEC were recruited, patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and healthy blood donors were recruited as positive and negative controls.APE1 (Asp148Glu) of the patients with PSEC and controls were genotyped by the TaqMan method.Every patient was treated with platinum-based chemotherapy(EP regimen for PSEC and TP regimen for ESCC)and radiotherapy(3D-CRT) ,then every case was followed-up for 2 years.The relationship between these SNPs and the follow-up outcome was analyzed.Results Compared with the ESCC group and control group, APE1 148 pure mutant(Glu/Glu) of PSEC group increased significantly(PSEC group was 40％ (12/30), ESCC group was 13.3％ (4/30) , control group was 10％ (2/20)), the difference was statistically significant (x2 =7.248,P =0.027).According to data of following-up, there was a significant increase in rate of progress (1year:40.0％ (12/30) vs 16.7％ (5/30), x2 =4.022, P =0.045;2 years: 86.7％ (26/30) vs 40.0％ (12/30) ,P =0.004) and a significant decrease in survival (33.3％ (10/30) vs 76.7％ (23/30)) of PSEC compared with ESCC.The SNPs of APE1 Asp148Glu was significantly correlated with frequency of progress, a significant increase was found in rate of progress of the patients with mutant type(Asp/Glu±Glu/Glu) compared with wild genotype(1 year: 50.0％(11/22) ,x2 =3.854,P=0.05;2 years: 81.8％ (19/22) ,x2 =10.519,P =0.001) ,the survival of the patients with mutant genotype was significantly lower than wild type (22.7％ (5/22) ,x2=10.77,P=0.001).Conclusion The most of polymorphisms of APE1(Asp148Glu) are mutation type in PSEC.Pure mutant genotype (APE1 148Glu/Glu) carry significant enhancement of progression.The polymorphisms of APE1 (Asp148Glu) maybe one of those molecular mechanisms of high frequency of progress and poor prognosis in PSEC.

Objective To investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the schizophrenia cognition rating scale ( SCoRS) . Methods 112 cases of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder inpatients were recruited and assessed using the SCoRS( Chinese version) ,the brief assessment of cognition in schizophrenia (BACS) and personal and social performance scale(PSP). The principle component analysis,reliability analysis and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. Results Standardized Cronbach α = 0.964. All the 20 i-tems were significantly correlated. Except item 1 ,9,18,19 ( r=0. 830,0. 890,0. 871,0. 890) ,the interrater correlation coefficiency (ICC) of the rest of the items was over 0.9. The ICC of global rating scores between two raters was 0. 921. Factor analysis procedure identified three factors. Factor 1 reflected the neurocognitive state; factor 2 reflected the social cognitive state;and factor 3 mainly reflected the daily life function. The SCoRS rating scores were significantly correlated with the BACS and PSP scores. Conclusion The validity and reliability of SCoRS are acceptable. SCoRS is a useful tool for assessing the deficits of the cognitive function for Chinese schizophrenia patients.

Objective To understand family function ,social support ,preoperative anxiety and depression status among elder‐ly operative patients ,and to explore their relationship .Methods 295 elderly preoperative patients were investigated by family AP‐GAR index (APGAR) ,social support rating scale (SSRS) ,self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self‐rating depression scale(SDS) , descriptive and inferential analysis .Results Among 295 elderly preoperative patients ,there were 208 people with good family func‐tion ,accounting for 70 .51% ,67 people with moderate disability family function ,accounting for 22 .71% ,and 20 people with severe disability family function ,accounting for 6 .78% ;The total score of social support was 40 .42 ± 9 .03 and the scores of subjective support was 23 .32 ± 5 .42 ,objective support with 9 .45 ± 3 .73 and support availability with 7 .65 ± 1 .86 ;152 people were preoper‐ative anxiety ,accounting for 51 .53% ,98 people were preoperative depression ,accounting for 33 .22% .The rate of anxiety and de‐pression good family function group was lower than a family dysfunction group(P<0 .05) .The incidence of depression high social support group is higher than low group (P<0 .05);Among the scores of social support ,subjective support ,objective support and support availability ,we find that patients with family well‐functioning group was higher than patients with family dysfunction group (P<0 .05) .Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that influence factors of preoperative psychological abnormality had educa‐tion level ,whether the tumor diseases ,the total score of social support and family functioning condition .Conclusion Elderly preop‐erative patients have anxiety and depression to a certain extent .The anxiety and depression of patients were related to the family function and social support .We Should pay attention to the effect of farmily function and social support on mental health of elderly patients with operation ,and effective use .

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intraopèrative ultrasonography (IOUS) on primary and repeated hepatectomies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods 430 patients underwent 555 operations for HCC.New tumors detected by IOUS at the primary and repeated hepatectomies were retrospectively analyzed.The long-term outcomes were also studied.Results IOUS had the highest sensitivity in the routinely used imaging examinations.The detection rate by each imaging modality decreased slightly but uniformly at the second hepatectomy.IOUS detected 56 new tumors in 30 patients (7.1％) at the primary hepatectomy and 13 new tumors in 8 (7.3％) at the second.The average size of tumor detected was 8.7±3.8 and 9.0±5.2 mm at the primary and second resections,respectively.The preoperative surgical plan was changed due to the IOUS findings alone in 24 patients (5.6％) at the primary hepatectomy,and in 7 (6.4％) at the second.Although recurrence was frequent in patients with new tumors detected at the primary hepatectomy,long-term survival after appropriate treatment for recurrence was similar to those patients without new tumors detected.Conlusions Despite recent progress in imaging modalities,IOUS is still the most sensitive examination.The same degree of precaution is necessary to detect new tumors using IOUS in repeated hepatectomy.Patients with new tumors detected by IOUS are at high risk for recurrence so that regular check-up is important to improve patient survival.

Objective To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the depressive like behaviors and expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),IL-1β and NF-κB of hippocampal in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats.Methods Thirty-two adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n =8):Control group,Control + rTMS group,CUMS group and CUMS + rTMS group.The sucrose preference test,forced swim test and open field test were used to evaluate depressive like behaviors for each groups.In addition,the expression of BDNF,NF-κB and IL-1 β in hippocampal were detected by western blot and ELISA after behavioral test,respectively.Results 1.The effects of rTMS on depressive like behaviors of CUMS rats:in the sucrose preference test,the sucrose preference rate of CUMS rats (0.67 ± 0.06) was significantly lower than Control group (0.91 ± 0.04),which was higher in the CUMS + rTMS group (0.83 ±0.08).In the forced swim test,the immobility time of CUMS group ((26.88 ± 11.33) s) was longer than Control group ((15.22 ± 6.75) s) and CUMS + rTMS group ((18.41 ± 6.95) s).In the open field test,both the total distance travelled and number of central area entry times of CUMS group((849.165 ± 769.01) cm,(7.42 ± 5.68))were significantly shorter ((6224.81 ± 1403.2) cm) and smaller (22.86 ± 3.72) than Control group,and those of the CUMS + rTMS were longer ((4105.57 ± 1516.92)cm) and larger (21.25 ± 3.45).All the behavioral results were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).And of all the aforementioned behavioral parameters,there were no significant differences between Control group and Control + rTMS group(P＞0.05).2.The effects of rTMS on the hippocampal expressions of BDNF,NF-κB and IL-1β in CUMS rats:compared with Control group,the hippocampal expression of BDNF in CUMS rats was significantly decreased,while the expressions of NF-κB and IL-1β in the hippocampus were significantly increased (P＜ 0.05).Compared with CUMS group,the hippocampa expression of BD-NF in the CUMS + rTMS group was increased,and the expressions of NF-κB and IL-1β in the hippocampus was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of BDNF,NF-κB and IL-1β had no differences between Control group and Control + rTMS group.Conclusion rTMS increased the expression of BDNF,reduced the production of NF-κB and IL-1β,and alleviated depressive like behaviors in CUMS rats.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the combined effects of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on the expression of integrin (beta3 protein in the periodontal tissues of the compressing side of orthodontic tooth in rats.

METHODSEstablishing orthodontic movement model in Sprague-Dawley rats, which were injected with 10 ng PDGF-BB, 200 ng IGF-I alone or in combination in the buccal submucosal area of the orthodontic tooth. The injection was applied every other day. The experiment continued for ten days and then the rats were sacrificed. The expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament tissues of the compressing side was detected by immunohistochemical techniques.

RESULTSThe expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament tissues of the compressing side of each experimental group was significantly increased compared with that of the control group (P<0.01). Meanwhile the maximum mean optical density value of integrin (beta3 protein expression was attained in the combination group which showed a significant increase compared with the PDGF-BB group (P<0.05) and the IGF-I group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe combination of exogenous PDGF-BB and IGF- I in orthodontic tooth movement may enhance the expression of integrin (beta3 protein in periodontal ligament cells and PDGF-BB and IGF-I may have a synergistic effect during orthodontic tooth movement.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; Integrins ; Periodontal Ligament ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Somatomedins ; Tooth Movement Techniques

Objective To investigate image quality and clinical value of dual-source dual energy virtual non-contrast (VNC) CT of the head. MethodsSixty-two patients suspected of cerebrovascular diseases underwent conventional non-contrast (CNC) CT and dual energy CTA examination of the head with dual-source CT. Virtual non-contrast images were reconstructed using dual energy software. The CT values of gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, hyperdense hemorrhagic lesion and hypodense ischemic lesion were compared between CNC and VNC images. A four-score scale was used to assess image quality subjectively. Image noise, radiation dosage and detection rate were compared between CNC and VNC images. Paired t test, Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Chi-square test (McNemar test and Kappa test) were used. Results The CT value on CNC and VNC images, were (43. 3 ± 1.5) and (33. 2 ± 1.3) HU for gray matter (t = 46.98, P ＜ 0. 01), (32. 9 ± 1.3) and (28.8 ± 1.6) HU for white matter(t = 16. 28, P ＜0.01), (9.0 ± 1.4) and (5.3 ± 1.9) HU for cerebrospinal fluid (t=12.41, P＜0.01),(62.8 ±10.0) and (51.3 ± 11.5) HU for hyperdense lesion (Z = -4.37, P ＜ 0.01), (20.7 ±4.7) and (18.0 ±6. 9) HU for hypodense lesion (t = 3. 84, P ＜ 0. 01), respectively. VNC images[(1.63 ±0.34) HU]had more noise than CNC images[(0.99±0.18) HU](Z= -6.41, P＜0.01). VNC [(0. 53 ± 0. 08) mSv]had less effective dose than CNC[(1.37 ± 0. 23) mSy](Z= - 6. 45, P ＜ 0. 01).In subjective assessment, VNC images had more noise (2. 7 ± 0. 5 for VNC and 3.9 ± 0. 3 for CNC,Z = -6. 84, P ＜ 0. 01) and skull base-related artifacts (2. 4 ± 0. 9 for VNC and 3.7 ± 0. 5 for CNC,Z = -6. 15, P ＜0. 01) than CNC images. The gray/white matter contrast (1.3 ± 0. 5 for VNC and 3.3 ±0. 6 for CNC, Z = - 7. 01, P ＜ 0. 01), hyperdense lesion display (3.0 ± 0. 4 for VNC and 4. 0 ± 0. 0 for CNC,Z = -4. 52, P ＜ 0. 01) and hypodense lesion display (3.2 ± 0. 8 for VNC and 3.9 ± 0. 3 for CNC,Z= -3. 12, P ＜0. 01) on VNC images were lower than those on CNC images. In per-patient analysis,29 cases of hyperdense lesion (hemorrhage) were found on VNC images without misdiagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were all 100. 0% (29/29,33/33, 29/29, 33/33). VNC images had the same detection rate of hyperdense lesions as CNC images (P ＞0. 05, Kappa = 1. 000) at per-patient level. Twenty-two patients with hypodense ischemic lesions were found on VNC images with one false positive case and two false negative cases. The sensitivity,specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 91.3% (21/23), 97.4%(38/39), 95.5% (21/22) and 95.0% (38/40) respectively. No statistical difference was found in detecting hypodense lesions between VNC and CNC images (χ2 = 0. 00, P ＞ 0. 05, Kappa = 0. 895). In per-lesion analysis, 53 hemorrhage lesions were found on VNC images with false negative results of four lesions and no false positive result. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 93.0% (53/57), 100. 0% (38/38), 100. 0% (53/53) and 90. 5% (38/42)respectively. There was no significant difference in detection rate of hyperdense lesion between VNC and CNC images (χ2 =2. 25, P ＞0. 05, Kappa =0. 914). Thirty-eight hypodense lesions were found on VNC images with 2 false positive lesions and 13 false negative lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 73.5% (36/49), 96.4% (53/55), 94. 7% (36/38)and 80. 3% (53/66) respectively. The detection rate of hypodense lesion on VNC images was lower than that on CNC images (χ2 = 6. 67 ,P ＜ 0.01, Kappa = 0. 707). Conclusion Compared with CNC images,head VNC images have reduced image quality and radiation dosage. VNC images can replace CNC images potentially in detecting intracranial hemorrhage and provide information for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases to some extent.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between inflammatory protein markers and the risk of colorectal cancer using a Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.Methods We obtained data pertaining to colorectal cancer from Genome-Wide Association Study(GWAS)datasets and used 91 inflammatory protein markers as the exposure variables.A two-sample MR analysis model was used to assess the causal link between the inflammatory markers and colorectal cancer risk.The robustness of the results was evaluated through heterogeneity,pleiotropy,and sensitivity analyses using 5 MR models:Inverse Variance Weighted(IVW),Weighted Median,MR Egger,Simple Mode,and Weighted Mode.We examined the mRNA expressions of PD-L1,AXIN1,and β-NGF using RT-qPCR in 86 untreated patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma admitted in Nanfang Hospital between December,2021 and December 2023,and analyzed their correlation with the clinical characteristics of the patients.Results Using the IVW model,MR analysis revealed significant causal associations between a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and lowered expressions of AXIN1(OR=0.866,95%CI:0.754-0.994,P=0.040),β-NGF(OR=0.914,95%CI:0.843-0.990,P=0.028;OR=0.884,95%CI:0.784-0.998,P=0.047 using Weighted Median model),and PD-L1(OR=0.903,95%CI:0.824-0.989,P=0.028).No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was observed,indicating good stability of the results.Sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of the findings.The clinical study demonstrated a significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and TNM staging,particularly in stage IV patients(P=0.007).AXIN1 and β-NGF expression levels were significantly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation,and their expressions were higher in poorly differentiated samples(P<0.001).Conclusion Lowered expressions of inflammatory protein markers AXIN1,β-NGF,and PD-L1 are causally correlated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and their expression levels are associated with TNM staging and tumor differentiation.These markers may thus serve as potential targets for colorectal cancer treatment and prevention.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between inflammatory protein markers and the risk of colorectal cancer using a Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.Methods We obtained data pertaining to colorectal cancer from Genome-Wide Association Study(GWAS)datasets and used 91 inflammatory protein markers as the exposure variables.A two-sample MR analysis model was used to assess the causal link between the inflammatory markers and colorectal cancer risk.The robustness of the results was evaluated through heterogeneity,pleiotropy,and sensitivity analyses using 5 MR models:Inverse Variance Weighted(IVW),Weighted Median,MR Egger,Simple Mode,and Weighted Mode.We examined the mRNA expressions of PD-L1,AXIN1,and β-NGF using RT-qPCR in 86 untreated patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma admitted in Nanfang Hospital between December,2021 and December 2023,and analyzed their correlation with the clinical characteristics of the patients.Results Using the IVW model,MR analysis revealed significant causal associations between a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and lowered expressions of AXIN1(OR=0.866,95%CI:0.754-0.994,P=0.040),β-NGF(OR=0.914,95%CI:0.843-0.990,P=0.028;OR=0.884,95%CI:0.784-0.998,P=0.047 using Weighted Median model),and PD-L1(OR=0.903,95%CI:0.824-0.989,P=0.028).No significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy was observed,indicating good stability of the results.Sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability of the findings.The clinical study demonstrated a significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and TNM staging,particularly in stage IV patients(P=0.007).AXIN1 and β-NGF expression levels were significantly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation,and their expressions were higher in poorly differentiated samples(P<0.001).Conclusion Lowered expressions of inflammatory protein markers AXIN1,β-NGF,and PD-L1 are causally correlated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer and their expression levels are associated with TNM staging and tumor differentiation.These markers may thus serve as potential targets for colorectal cancer treatment and prevention.

Objective:To integrate the best evidence of sexual health management for colorectal cancer patients both domestically and internationally, so as to provide guidance for clinical practice.Methods:Evidence on sexual health management of colorectal cancer patients in domestic and foreign databases and websites was systematically searched, and evidence from literature that met quality evaluation standards was extracted and summarized. The search period was from July 2003 to July 2023.Results:A total of 16 articles were included, including five clinical decisions, six clinical practice guidelines, three expert consensus/group standards, and two systematic reviews. Thirty-four recommended opinions were formed, including eight aspects of evaluation and screening, assessment tools, manifestations of sexual dysfunction, coping strategies for sexual problems, psychological intervention, measures for fertility protection, health education, and follow-up management.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for sexual health management in colorectal cancer patients. It is necessary to selectively apply evidence based on the evaluation of patient conditions by medical and nursing staff and clinical situations to ensure effective and scientific sexual health management strategies for patients, and promote the translation of best evidence into clinical practice.