Objectve To study the effect of anti-swelling and alleviating pain of Huzhangtongluo liniment. Method Mice with xylol-induced auricular swelling : the mice of each group were administered three times per day for 3 days. The inflammed mice were killed and punched a patch on left and right ear in 8 mm diameter, the weight margin of two patch was the rate of swelling. Mice with formalin-induced podalic swelling:the inflammed mice of each group were administered after 4 hours, by dislocating their cervical vetebra. The mice posterior feet were cut at the same place and weighed, the weight margin of left and right foot was the rate of swelling. Rat with granulation induced by cotton embedded under dermis:the rat of each group were administered and then killed after 6 hours, the granulation tissue of rat was separated, dried in oven at temperature of 70 ℃ and weighed, the data of dry weight was calculated and processed by statistics. The pain threshold of mice stimulated by heat:the pain threshold of administered mice was determined at 30, 60, 90 min. The threshold value was calculated as 60 s if the mice had no action such as licking foot, jumping or lifting foot after 60 s. Result Huzhangtongluo liniment can obviously inhibit auricular swelling induced by xylol and podalic swelling induced by formalin as well as granulation induced by cotton embeded under dermis. The preparations can clearly enhance pain-threshold value of mice in hot-plate method. Conclusion Huzhangtongluo liniment has the action of anti-swelling and alleviating pain.

Objective To explore the surgical method and curative effect of free vascularized fibular graft bridged vascu?lar pedicle by vein transplantation for infective long bone defect with or without soft tissue defect reconstruction. Methods From June 2008 to January 2014, 17 patients with infective long bone defect were treated, 11 male and 6 female, 1.5 to 55 years old and averaged 31.3 years. 8 cases in femur, 5 cases in tibia, 3 cases in humerus and 1 case in radius. Bone defect were 4 to 19 cm in length with an average of 9.4 cm. 8 cases with soft tissue defect, from 5.0 cm×3.0 cm to 17.0 cm×5.5 cm. Required adequate surgi?cal debridement, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) was used. Free vascularized fibular (skin) flap was designed and harvested . Artery and veins close to the health site were dissected, and bridged vascular pedicle of free vascularized fibular flap by autolo?gous vein transplantation with end to end anastomosis. The length free vascularized fibular graft was from 5 to 18 cm, with an aver?age of 9.6 cm. The free fibula flap ranged from 6.5 cm×4.0 cm to 18.0 cm×6.0 cm. Results All the 17 cases of fibular flap sur?vived, no vascular crisis happened. Post?operative wound primary healed in 11 cases, delayed 1 to 2 weeks to heal in 6 cases. Cal?lus was seen in the 6 to 8 weeks later. 15 cases were followed from 9 months to 6 years (averaged 30 months) while 2 cases were lost to follow?up. Bone defect primary healed in 13 cases, and the fibula graft unhealed in 2 cases, but healed again after a second operation. Fibula stress fracture occurred in one case at 7 months after grafting procedures and bone union was achieved 4 months after reapplying an external fixator. Infected bone defect healing time ranged from 4.2 to 9.8 months, averaged 5.9 months. Accord?ing to the Enneking score, 11 cases were excellent, good in 3 cases, one in fair. Excellent and Good rate was 93.3%. Conclusion Free vascularized fibular (skin) graft with vein bridged vascular pedicle can not only effectively repair infected bone and soft tissue defect, but also improve local blood supply and control infection, shorten the course of treatment, which is an effective treatment of infective long bone defects with or without soft tissue defects.

Objective To assess the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) on the striatum (ST) in normal cynomolgus monkeys using 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 imaging.Methods A total of six healthy female cynomolgus monkeys were included in this study.Three of them were fed with normal food (control group),and the other three were given oral administration of 7,8-DHF in addition to normal food (experimental group).The SPECT/CT imaging was performed at different time after 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 injection.The ROI of ST was drawn on images of 3 consecutive transverse slices that could be visualized best.The cerebellum (CB) was taken as the background reference area.The radioactivity uptake ratios of ST/CB at 1,3,4 and 5 h were calculated respectively.Paired-t test was used to analyze the data.Results ST radioactive uptake ratios showed continuing increase on the delay images.ST/CB uptake ratios of the control group at 1,3,4 and 5 h were 1.43±0.04,1.82±0.06,2.04±0.12,2.42±0.23,respectively,and those of the experimental group were 1.35±0.08,2.40±0.09,2.74±0.13 and 3.25±0.15 respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups at 1 h (t =2.57,P＞0.05),while ST/CB uptake ratios of the experimental group at 3,4 and 5 h were significantly higher (t values:2.77,2.87 and 2.92,all P＜0.05).Conclusion 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 SPECT/CT imaging can be used to assess the DAT activation effect by 7,8-DHF on ST of cynomolgus monkeys.

Objective To analyze the possible reasons of failed surgical treatment of acetabular fractures. Methods Various methods were used for positive patient identification, including according to Matta's X-ray assessment and Merle d'Aubigne & Postel hip function score of clinical standards for classification of acetabular fracture reduction surgery were not satisfied or not carried out a reduction and fixation,the clinical evaluation of hip joint as a "bad", occurrence of femoral head subluxation or dislocation, femoral head necrosis and other serious complications. From February 2000 to February 2008, 22 patients including 14 males and 8 females with an average age of 38.6 years (range, 18-72 years) were considered as failed cases. Results 45.5% of these cases were posterior wall fractures which were not given any fixation, 27.3% of them were posterior column fractures which were not fixed, 13.6% of them whose reduction and fixation of anterior wall fractures were not satisfied, and 9.1% of them were anterior column fractures which needed fixation. One case should take open reduction and iternal fixation instead of THA. The rate of misdiagnosis and mistaken diagnosis were 90% if only X-ray evaluation was made and this rate decreased to 8.3% if computed tomography was taken. The rate of wrong selection of operative approach was 100% in 10 cases of misdiagnosis, and which was 58.3% in 12 cases of correct diagnosis. In the 5 patients with correct diagnosis and selection of operative approach, the reasons of failed surgical treatment were due to imperfect surgical skills in 3 cases, and inappropriate fixation patterns in 2 cases. Conclusion The causes of the failure of surgical treatment for acetabular fracture might include preoperative missed diagnosis and misdiagnose, inappropriate approach, and an unreasonable internal fixation with unskillful technique.

In the present research, two Chinese rhesus monkeys were inoculated intravenously with 5000 TCID50 of SIVmac239. The changes in the numbers of CD4+T lymphocyte in peripheral blood,plasma viral loads, proviral DNA and humoral antibodies against virus were periodically monitored during 121 days. At the early stage of infection, proviral DNA had been detected in PBMCs, and infectious SIVmac239 virus had been isolated from PBMCs. At the same period, the numbers of CD4+T lymphocytes were significantly decreased, and maintained at low level during the 121-day period of infection. Plasma viral loads reached the peak at week 2 post-inoculation and kept at a steady state subsequently. Moreover, antibodies against viral proteins were detected from plasma. All the results showed that the two Chinese rhesus monkeys had been infected with SIVmac239 successfully. This animal model can be applied for further AIDS researches.

Countercurrent chromatography us a kund of contunuous and effectuve luquud-luquud partutuon chromatography wuth many unuque characterustucs such as large load capacuty, no urreversuble adsorptuon, hugh recovery rate, low rusk of sample denaturatuon and so on, whuch has urreplaceable advantages un separatuon of proteun and peptude. Thus revuew presents the advances of several kunds of new technology of countercurrent chromatography un the separatuon of proteun and peptude. The developung prospect of thus fueld us also duscussed.

Objective To explore the surgical technique and the efficacy of free descending genicular artery perforator flap without saphenous vein for tissue defect. Methods 18 cases of extremity tissue defect were involved in this study from Au?gust 2010 to April 2014, including 16 males and 2 females with an average age of 32.4 years (8 plantar or heel soft tissue defect, 10 back of hand or palm soft tissue defect). 2 old injury cases that had soft tissue defect after scar release were treated by free flaps and the other 16 were open injury with infection, among which 5 cases were combined with fractures or bone defect. Sizes of the skin and soft tissue defect were 2.0 cm × 8.0 cm to 9.0 cm × 12.0 cm. All wounds were treated by free descending genicular artery perforator flap from the contralateral limb. Medial femoral cutaneous nerve was kept in flaps as far as possible. The projection points of descending genicular artery perforator and saphenous vein were detected by Doppler, then the flaps were cut with reverse approach, and saphenous vein and saphenous nerve were preserved. Results All 18 flaps were survived and all cases were fol?lowed up for 3 to 30 months (average, 10.3 months). The flap sizes varied from 2.5 cm×9.0 cm-9.5 cm×13.0 cm. 2 cases with bone defect were healed 3 months later without infection, and the other 3 cases with fractures were healed 2-3 months after operation. The two point’s discrimination distance was 7.0-12.0 mm on the flap. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand question?naire score averaged 51, and the mean Japanese Orthopaedic Association's foot rating scale was 70.5. Most patients were satisfied with appearance of the recipient and donor sites, among which 5 cases had skin?graft on the donor sites, and the other 12 cases had small scars on the donor sites. Poor healing was detected in 1 case on the thigh which was healed 3 weeks later. There was no par?esthesia and rash on the donor sites. The mean distance between projection points of descending genicular artery perforator and sa?phenous vein was 3.7 cm. Conclusion Free descending genicular artery perforator flap without saphenous vein is an optimal therapy for the extremity tissue defect, which has the advantage of covert donor site, less invasion, less variation of perforator, and could recover the skin sense of recipient site.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined use of calcineurin inhibitor in the treatment of lupus nephritis in induction or maintenance,which is resistant to mycophenolate mofetil.Methods Sixty-six cases of children with lupus nephritis were selected from February 2014 to September 2016 in Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Tongji Medical College Affiliated Wuhan Children's Hospital.The randomized method was used to divide them into the control group and the observation group randomly.Among them,31 cases in the control group were given glucocorticoid,cyclophosphamide combined with traditional medicine for treatment;35 cases in observation group were given glucocorticoid,mycophenolate mofetil,tacrolimus (calcine phosphatase inhibitor) multi-target therapy for treatment.The clinical effect of 2 groups before and after treatment were compared,and the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of 2 groups of children were compared.Results After treatment,the levels of systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI),serum creatinine and 24 h urine protein [(6.05 ± 1.04) scores,(45.08 ± 18.52) μmol/L,(0.96 ±0.30) g/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(11.09 ±2.33) scores,(95.33 ±36.74) μmol/L,(2.05 ±0.74) g/L],and the differences were statistically significant (t =3.097,3.356,3.871,all P ＜ 0.05).Serum complement C3,plasma albumin levels [(1.05 ± 0.28) g/L,(63.24 ± 12.98) g/L] were higher than those in the control group [(0.34 ±0.10) g/L,(35.45 ±6.74) g/L],and the differences were statistically significant (t =4.124,3.567,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum complement C3 and plasma albumin were significantly higher between 2 groups than those before treatment,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of adverse reaction (14.29％,5/35 cases) in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (38.71％,12/31 cases),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.128,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Multi-target combination therapy and traditional cyclophosphamide therapy can effectively control lupus nephritis in children,but the clinical effect of multi-target combination therapy is better and the adverse reaction is less.

Objective To introduce the transfer of anterolateral thigh flap with iliotibial tract in repair of massive skin and soft tissue defects of the forearm and reconstruction of extension or flexion of the forearm. Methods Eight cases of complicated raw wounds of the forearm were repaired with transfer of anterolateral thigh flap with iliotibial tract. Flexor tendons of 3 cases and extensor tendons of 5 cases were repaired with iliotibial tract. The axial vessel of the flap was used to rebuild blood supply of the hand. Results All the flaps survived completely. A follow-up ranging from 3 months to 2.5 years re- vealed that the reconstructed forearms were good in appearance and soft in texture and restored protective sensation. Affected limbs could perform extension or flexion. Total range of motion (TRM) of the hands was excellent in 6 cases and poor in 2. Conclusion Anterolateral thigh flap with iliotibial tract can not only repair soft tissue defects of the forearm, but also reconstruct the main extension or flexion of the forearm simultaneously.

Objective To compare the short-term effects between interventional arterial embolization and iodine-131 therapy in treating Graves'disease.Methods A total of 84 patients with Graves'disease (GD),confirmed by clinical data and laboratory tests,were divided into two groups:interventional group(n=42)receiving arterial embolization and iodine-131 group(n=42)receiving iodine-131 therapy.Before and after the treatment thyroid angiography and SPECT/CT imaging were performed to determine the shape and size of the thyroid,and radioimmunoassay method was used to measure serum levels of FT3,VF4,TSH and TRAb at 3.6 and 12 months after the therapy.The results were compared and statistically analyzed.The occurrence of complications was observed. Results No statistically significant difference in short-term therapeutic effects was found between interventional group and iodine-131 group.The occurrence of early severe complication was much higher in interventional group than that in iodine-131 group,while the occurrence of hypothyroidism was obviously higher in iodine-131 group than that in interventionai group.Conclusion Both interventional embolization and iodine-131 therapy have reliable effect for the treatment of Graves'disease.Iodine-131 therapy may be used in patients who plan to receive initial treatment or in patients who failed to effectively respond to other kinds of therapies,while interventional embolization may be employed in patients who are not able to receive surgery or in patients who have failed to respond to antithyroid drug treatment,or in patients whose iodine-131 intake rate is too low to undergo iodine-131 therapy,especially in patients with refractory and intractable hyperthyroidism. Interventional embolization can be regarded as an alternative treatment for Graves'disease.