With the increasing abuse of antibiotics,the development of rapid,accurate and sensitive methods for antibiotic detection has become critical.Nucleic acid sensors as new biosensors have shown great potential in the field of antibiotic detection due to their high selectivity,high sensitivity and real-time monitoring ability.This paper reviews the research progress in antibiotic detection based on nucleic acid sensors,including colorimetric,optical and electrochemical nucleic acid sensors,in the hope of providing a reference for the research and development of new types of antibiotic detection technologies based on nucleic acid sensors.

This research studies the status quo of credit system implementation in medical colleges and universities in Shandong Province, and finds that there are some problems, for examples, the number of courses can't meet the requirements of the credit system, teaching management is still difficult to adapt to the reform of the credit system, students lack guidance in choosing courses, and course resources are limited. Some suggestions are put forward, such as changing teachers' concept of teaching, intensifying teaching reform, increasing teaching resources input, promoting mutual recognition of credits, strengthening the construction of teaching staff, perfecting academic tutorial system, and constructing a credit system model that conforms to the laws of medical education.