OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence and safety of etomidate or sevoflurane combined with sacral or epidural block anesthesia on anesthesia effects and inflammatory factors. METHODS:160 children undergoing surgery selected from our hospital during Feb. 2012 to Dec. 2015 were divided into group A and B according to random number table,with 80 cases in each group. Group A was given etomidate 3 mg/(kg·h)for anesthesia maintenance+sacral or epidural block;group B received sevoflu-rane inhalation 1%-3% for anesthesia maintenance+sacral or epidural block. The anesthesia effects were compared between 2 groups as well as the levels of serum S100β,NSE,Aβ and inflammatory factors before and after surgery. The occurrence of ADR was observed. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in SpO2 between 2 groups before and after surgery(P>0.05). The anesthesia induction time,postoperative recovery time and heart rate of group A were significantly longer or higher than those of group B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the levels of serum S100β,NSE,Aβ and inflammatory factors between 2 groups before surgery(P>0.05). After surgery,the levels of serum S100β,NSE,Aβ,CRP,IL-2 and IL-6 were significantly increased in 2 groups,and group A was significantly higher than group B,with statistical significance (P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in TNF-α before and after surgery or between 2 groups (P>0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Sevoflurane combined with sacral or epidural block anesthesia is better than etomi-date combin ation anesthesia,with in mild inflammatory reaction and good safety.

The broad-spectrum antibacterial action of berberine hydrochloride mainly contributes to recurrent aphtha, periapical periodontitis, radioactive mucositis and pericoronitis, however a little evidence support the action mechanism underlying periodontitis treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of berberine hydrochloride on the expressions of related cytokines in periodontal tissues of experimental periodontitis rats, to reveal and understand the action pathway of berberine hydrochloride on oral tissue repair. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats weighing 160-200 g, aged 3 months Models, were involved in this study.Models of experimental periodontitis were established in rats through a use of local steel-wire ligation and systemic injection of prednisone acetate. Forty successfully established models were randomized into periodontitis model group (n=8) and periodontitis treatment group (n=32), at the same time, 10 normal rats served as control group. The treatment group of animals were fed with 0.06 g/kg berberine hydrochloride daily and medicated to death over the 1, 2, 3, 4 weekends (8 rats each). The model group was fed with isodose normal saline. The model group and normal control group were killed at the fourth weekend. Main observations: ①Oral gross observation and X-ray film examination; ②Pathological assay of periodontal tissues; ③Immunohistochemical SABC method was conducted to determine the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), bone gla protein (BGP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in periodontal tissues in rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:①Following hormone injection, gum tissue exhibited erosion and pyorrhea in model group of rats; the above-mentioned symptoms were relieved in rats of treatment group; there was no abnormality in periodontal tissues of normal rats. X-ray examination revealed alveolar crest resorption and obvious interredicular shadow in the model group.②Rats of model group showed obvious pathologic changes in periodontal tissues, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were significantly higher and the level of BGP was dramatically lower than those in normal group (P < 0.05); Treatment with berberine hydrochloride decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in periodontal tissues and increased the level of BGP compared with model group (P < 0.05). The periodontal tissues in groups treated with berberine hydrochloride exhibited pathological changes at inflammatory repair stage. Results showed that berberine hydrochloride inhibits the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in periodontal tissues in experiment rat models of periodontitis, and promotes the expression of BGP and repair of periodontal tissue.

Objective To investigate the combining anticancer effect of tamoxifen(TAM) and ?-interferon on breast cancer cells in vitro and its mechanism.Methods MCF-7 ER-positive breast cancer cell lines were treated with tamoxifen alone,or in combination with ?-interferon and/or estrogen in vitro.Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay;FCM was used to determine the distribution of cell cycle,cell apoptosis and protein expression of Bcl-2,Bax,Fas,FasL,Caspase-8,and the activity of Caspase-3.Results TAM inhibited the proliferation of ER-postive breast cancer cells with cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and with induction of apoptosis,and the proliferation-promoting effect of estrogen on MCF-7 was blocked by TAM.Anticancer effect of TAM was enhanced when cells were pretreated with ?-interferon for 24 hours.Bcl-2 protein expression was down-regulated and Caspase-8 was up-regulated by TAM and/or ?-interferon,but these drugs did not affect Bax,Fas,FasL protein expression and the activity of Caspase-3.Conclusions TAM has anticancer effect by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in ER-positive breast cancer cells in vitro,and ?-interferon can enhance anticancer effect of TAM on breast cancer cells.The mechanism of these effects may be related with the down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of Caspase-8 by TAM and ?-interferon.

Cerebral Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Cerebral Infarction ; diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

AIM: To establish the fingerprint chromatogram of Dangguijisheng Injection (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Herba Visci) METHODS: HPLC with Zorbax SB-C 18 ( 4.6mm? 250mm,5-Micro) column was used, A phase (mechanol∶tetrahydrofuran=85∶15) and B phase ( 0.5% acetic acid (gradient elution)) were adopted as a mobile phase, respectively, and detection wavelength set at 270 nm. RESULTS: 18 peaks constitued the HPLC fingerprint of Compound Dangguijisheng Injection. CONCLUSION:The method is simple and accurate with a good reproducibility and can be used as a quality control for Dangguijisheng Injection.

Objective To observe the effects of high sucrose,high saturated fatty acid and high unsaturated fatty acid(diets) on insulin resistance and endothelium-dependent vasodilation function.Methods Adult Wistar rats were divided into normal control(NC) group,high sucrose(HS) group and high saturated fatty acid(HSF) group,high unsaturated fatty acid(HUF) groups.Insulin sensitivity was tested by hyperinsulinemic-euglucemic clamp after 24 weeks.Acetylcholine-induced(or sodium nitroprussideinduced) relaxation of preconstricted isolated renal arteries was measured by Mulvany myograph.Results GIR was obviously lower in experimental groups than that in NC group.GIR was negatively correlated with triglyceride (TG),free fatty acid(FFA).Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was markedly decreased in all experimental groups compared with that in NC group and the maximal response was decreased 37.4% in HSF group,32.7% in HUF group,27.7% in HS group.Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was enhanced by incubation with L-Arg and decreased incubated with L-NNA,MB in all experimental groups.Vasodilation response was negatively correlated with TG,INS and well positively correlated with NO,GIR.There was significantly negative correlation between FFA andNO.Conclusions: The rats fed high sucrose,high saturated fatty acid and high unsaturated fatty acid diets developed insulin resistance with reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation function.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of spectral CT mode in imaging liver by comparing the radiation dose and image quality between spectral CT and conventional multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT).Methods Thirty patients (group A) underwent three-phasic enhanced CT scans spectral CT mode in the portal phase (PP) and conventional helical mode in other phases (Discovery CT 750 HD,GE Healthcare).Another 30 patients in group B underwent conventional three-phasic enhanced CT on a 64-slice MSCT (VCT,GE Healthcare) with 120 kVp and automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) and noise index of 15.The images in PP from the two imaging modes were retrospectively compared.The contrast-noiseratio (CNR) for the veins was calculated using liver parenchyma as background.For the spectral CT mode,101 sets of monochromatic images were reconstructed from 40 to 140 keV,and the optimal energy level for obtaining the highest CNR was determined using the Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GSI)-viewer software.Image noise (at 70 keV),CNR (at the optimal keV level) for the vein and radiation dose to the patient were obtained for spectral images and statistically compared with those in group B with the conventional MSCT using t test.Results The CTDIw value in PP for spectral CT was 15.64 mGy,30％lower than the (22.44 ± 5.09) mGy for the conventional MSCT (t =29.56,P ＜ 0.01).Image noises on the liver parenchyma were 22.81 ±2.85 and 23.80 ±3.31 for the conventional MDCT and spectral CT images at 70 keV,respectively,with no significant difference (t =0.76,P ＞ 0.05).On the other hand,CNR for the vein at the optimal energy level in spectral CT was 7.17 ± 2.09,which was significantly higher than the 2.76 ± 1.34 for the conventional MSCT (t =7.21,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Compared with conventional standard-dose liver MSCT,spectral CT imaging provides improved CNR for vessels,comparable image noise for liver parenchyma with 30％ dose reduction.

Objective To investigate the changes in the levels of motilin in the gastric body in a rat model of incisional pain.Methods Eighty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomized into 2 groups (n =42 each):normal saline group (NS group) and incisional pain group (P group).In group P an 1 cm long incision was made in the plantar surface of right hindpaw under sevotlurane anesthesia.Six rats were chosen from each group and paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation (MWT) and paw withdrawal latency to nociceptive thermal stimulation (TWL) were measured at 24 h before operation (To) and 1,6,24,48 and 72 h after operation (T1-5).Six rats were chosen from each group at T0-5 and sacrificed and the gastric mucosal tissues were prepared for measurement of motilin levels by ELISA.Results Compared with group NS,MWT,TWL and motilin levels were significantly decreased at T1-4 (P ＜ 0.05) and no significant change was found at T0 and T5 in P group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at To,MWT,TWL and motilin levels were significantly decreased at T1-4,and no significant change was found at T5 in group P (P ＞ 0.05).MWT,TWL and motilin levels were significantly higher at T3-T5 than at T1 in group P (P ＜ 0.05).MWT,TWL and motilin levels were increased gradually at T3-T5 in P group (P ＜ 0.05).The motilin levels were positively correlated with MWT and TWL (r =0.9597 and 0.9231,respectively,P ＜ 0.01) in group P.Conclusion The levels of motilin in the gastric body is significantly decreased in a rat model of incisional pain and the decreasing range is positively corre lated with the degree of incisional pain.

Objective To investigate the mutations of CLCNKB gene in a family with classic Bartter syndrome. Methods Genetic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes of family members.The coding exons and intron exon junctions of CLCNKB gene were amplyfied by PCR and sequenced directly.Fifty unrelated healthy subjects were selected to exclude the possibility of polymorphism. Results A heterozygous(missense)mutation(482T>G,L161R)was detected in the exon 4 of patients.The hetemzygous mutation(L161R)was found in the mother,while no mutation was found in the father of this family.L161R had not been reported and was a novel mutation when referring to literatures and human genomic database home and abroad.Conclusion A new CLCNKB gene mutation(L161R)is identified for the first time.

Objective To investigate the glycemic fluctuation and endothelial function in patients of coronary heart disease complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Fifty eight patients with coronary heart disease were enrolled in the study,including 40 cases complicated with T2DM (group A) and 18 cases without T2DM (group B).All subjects underwent continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) and high-resolution ultrasound detection on brachial artery for endothelium-dependent flowmediated dilatation (FMD).According to the results of CGMS,patients with 3 times of standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG) less than a mean blood glucose in group A were classified as low glucose excursion group (group A1 ),others were classified as high glucose excursion group (group A2 ).The association of glucose fluctuation with FMD in group A was analyzed.Results Compared to group B,the levels of mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE),the largest amplitude of glycemic excursions (LAGE) and mean postprandial glucose excursion (MPPGE) were elevated and the levels of FMD were lower in group A1 and A2 (P ＜0.05).Compared to group A1 the levels of MAGE,LAGE,MPPGE and absolute means of daily differences were significantly higher [(5.4 ±0.9) vs.(3.7±0.4),(6.3 ± 1.8) vs.(4.6 ±0.8),(4.7±1.0) vs.(3.5±1.2),(2.45 ±0.75) vs.(1.81 ±0.66)mmol/L,respectively]and the FMD levels were lower [ (3.2 ± 1.0) vs.(5.2 ± 1.2) ％ ]in group A2 ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).All CGMS parameters were significantly correlated with FMD in group A2 (P ＜ 0.05 ).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that MAGE,systolic blood pressure were the independent impact factors of FMD.Conclusions Patients of coronary heart disease complicated with T2DM have prominent glycemic fluctuation and decreased FMD and the glycemic fluctuation may be associated with the impairment of FMD.