The establishment of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine system that not only accords with Chinese medicine function characteristics but also is recognized as international medical circles, is an arduous task in urgent need of solving the current modernization of traditional Chinese medicine in the process of internationalization. It is difficult to evaluate atraditional Chinese medicine by detection of single active components in traditional Chinesemedicinewiththe western medicine quality controlmethod due to the overall effects of traditional Chinese drugs, the components of the overall diversity, targets, and the complexity of the interaction between components of unpredictable make the Long-term since, domestic and foreign scholars continue to explore and put forward a series of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine to promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine. This article summarized the related academic ideas and developments to, providea new thought and perspective for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.
Drug Evaluation ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control

Objective To study the effect of a polysaccharide from cuscuta chinensis lam (PCCL) on antisenility and its mechanism. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomized into 6 groups. The three PCCL groups were administrated with PCCL of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 orally, the positive control group with vitamin E of 200 mg?kg -1?d -1, the model group and control group with the same volume of control solution only. At the same time, the model group, the positive group and the three PCCL groups were subcutaneously injected of 5% D-gal at the dose of 0.5 ml at the nape, and the control with the same volume of saline solution. Seven weeks later, the MDA, SOD activity, GSH-PX activity in the liver and kidney of mice and lipofuscin (LF) in mouse brain were detected with the methods of TBA, Nitrate, DTNB and Sohal, respectively. The data were analyzed with SPSS software and the data between groups were analyzed with one-factor variance analysis. Results Thymus index and spleen index dropped, LF rose in brain, malondialdehyde (MDA) content rose and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) dropped in liver and kidney in senile mouse model. PCCL administration of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 made thymus index and spleen index rising, LF dropping in brain, MDA content dropping,SOD and GSH-PX LF rising in liver and kidney of senile mouse model. Conclusion PCCL may postpone senility, which mechanism probably connected with rising immunity, eliminating oxygen free radicals and antilipoperoxidation.

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medical syndromes and clinical characteristics of influenza in South of Five Ridges.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out in 162 cases of influenza patients admitted from outpatient department,emergency department and inpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from 2014 to 2016.The distribution of clinical manifestations and syndrome types of the included influenza patients was analyzed.Results The average age of the included influenza patients was 35.76 ± 11.4 years old.The clinical syndromes were mainly characterized by fever,aversion to cold and chills,fatigue and weakness.And damp-accumulation manifestations of heaviness in the body,poor appetite,dry mouth without willing to drink,nausea and vomiting were also predominant.The main syndrome types were wind-heat attacking defense phase syndrome,wind-cold fettering exterior syndrome,heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome,heat-toxin accumulating lung syndrome,and damp syndrome.Of the syndrome types,wind-heat attacking defense phase syndrome and heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome were the leading types,accounting for 77.79％ and interweaving with damp syndrome and heat-damp syndrome.Conclusion The syndromes of influenza patients in South of Five Ridges are usually complicated by damp syndrome or damp-heat syndrome,and the predominant syndrome type is wind-heat interweaved with damp syndrome,which is correlated with the climate being damp and hot in South of Five Ridges.

The antioxidant activity of lycopene is highest among the current carotenoids.Recently the researches on lycopene are focused on ingredient of functional foods in the world.The fermentation production of lycopene by Streptomyces rimosus was reported first time in China.The determination methods,such as spectrophotometric method and HPLC were constructed.Using a stain Fc of Streptomyces rimosus as a original strain,a high-yield lycopene producing mutant strain Fc' was selected after UV mutation.The lycopene yield of the strain is 2.5 times higher than the original strain Fc.The optimal fermentation conditions were determined by flask experiments,and the lycopene yield of strain Fc' reached 230mg/L in flask under the optimal fermentation condition,meanwhile the Streptomyces rimosus strain could produce purer lycopene without adding any blocking agents in its fermentation process.This results lay a good foundation for lycopene commercial production by fermentation using Streptomyces rimosus.

Objective To get a MR imaging protocol for coronary arterial wall in vitro. Methods MR examinations were performed in 10 fresh porcine hearts. Three dimensional fast imaging employing steady state acquisition (3D FIESTA) was used to delineate left anterior descending artery (LAD), while 2D spin-echo T1W was performed with 8-channel head surface coil, temporomandibular surface coil and knee coil with the same parameters. T1WI was obtained with 384×256 and 512×512 in matrix using temporomandibular surface coil, and then T1WI, PDW and T2WI with fat saturation were obtained with different NEX using temporomandibular surface coil after injecting Resovist in LAD. Signal of the LAD wall, lumen, fat tissue adjacent to LAD, myocardium of anterior part of interventricular septum and noise were respectively measured. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of image, contrast to noise ratio (CNR) between the wall and lumen (CNR1), CNR between the wall and surrounding fatty tissue (CNR2) were calculated. Results The SNR and CNR1, CNR2 of SE T1WI with temporomandibular coil were higher than those with 8-channel head surface coil and knee coil. SNR and CNR1, CNR2 of SE T1WI with 384×256 matrix were higher than those with 512×512 matrix. SNR and CNR1, CNR2 using 3 NEX were the highest. Conclusion Good SNR and CNR of porcine coronary wall can be achieved using temporomandibular surface coil, 384×256 in matrix and NEX of 3.

Objective To evaluate the effect of quick injection combining with slow infusion of Gd-DTPA on T1 relaxation of the blood. Methods Fifteen volunteers were recruited for coronary MRA study using a navigator-gated 3D-FIESTA sequence. Coronary MRA were acquired on the same segments two times at 5 minutes and 15 minutes after Gd-DTPA administration. Contrast agent was injected biphasically with 10 ml at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/s and 20 ml at 0. 05 ml/s to prolong the T1 relaxation effect. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated pre- and post-contrast MRA. Image quality was compared using t-test. Results The SNR and CNR at 5 minutes after contrast injection (35.37 ±6. 84 and 21.57 ± 6. 08 ) were significantly higher than that of pre-contrast MRA ( 27.38 ± 6. 24 and 13.19 ±6. 50). The SNR at 15 minutes after contrast injection (33. 81 ±9. 43) was higher than that of precontrast MRA, but there was no statistically difference(t = 1. 885 ,P =0. 074). The CNR at 15 minutes after contrast injection (21.20 ± 7.65) was significantly higher than that of pre-contrast MRA. The SNR and CNR at 15 minutes after contrast injection were no significant different compared with those at 5 minutes after contrast injection. Conclusion T1-shorting effect in the blood can be prolonged by quick injection combining with slow infusion of Gd-DTPA ,which meet with the need of multiple scans of coronary MRA.

In this study Na2HPO4-Ca(NO3)2 system was used to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HA). Its synthetical method was simple and low in cost. With the physical-chemical characteristic observation and the animal experimentit was proved that HA was pure, with pores ranging from 20 to 200 ?m in diameter.The chemical structure of HA was similar to that of inorganic part of bones.An investigation of the histological changes and osteogenetic effectiveness of HA implanted was conducted and the mechanism of HA osteogenetic effectiveness is discussed. The study will provide scientific basis for the clinical use of HA as bone graft substitute.

Objective To compare and analyze the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia(DCI)after coiling and clipping of intracranial aneurysms, and explore the risk factors of DCI. Methods A total of 236 patients with aneurysms diagnosed by CT angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were enrolled in this study from March 2011 to May 2014. Patients were divided into clipping group(n=135) and coiling group(n=101). The clinical characteristics were compared between two groups, including gender, age, medical history, GCS score, Hunt-Hess grade, Fisher grade, WFNS grade, aneurysm location, prognosis and incidence of DCI. Risk factors for DCI were investigated by Logistic regression analysis. Results DCI was occurred in 36 patients (26.7%) underwent clipping operation while in 11 patients (10.9%) underwent coiling operation. The incidence was significantly higher in clipping group compared with that of coiling group (P <0.01). The patients were followed up for 6 months. The poor prognosis rates were 17.0%and 25.7%in clipping group and coiling group, respectively (P>0.01). The overall mortality was 11.0%, the former had a lower mortality rate (5.9% vs. 17.8%, P <0.01). According to Logistic regression analysis, Fisher Grade 3-4, postoperative pulmonary infection and surgical procedure were independent risk factors for DCI (P<0.01). Conclusion DCI is one of the most significant factors for high fatality and morbidity of postoperative aneurysm patients. There is a low occurrence of DCI after coiling compared with that of clipping. If we pay more attention to risk factors associated with the DCI, it will improve the prognosis of postoperative aneurysm patients greatly.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the combinated transcatheter hepatic artery chemoembolization (TACE) and analyse the factors affecting prognosis in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma.

METHODS141 consecutive patients with primary hepatic carcinoma were treated, including 125 men and 16 women (mean age, 52 years; age range, 21 - 76 years). Combinated TACE procedures included TACE, TACE followed by surgical resection, TACE and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and transcatheter hepatic artery infusion (TAI). The factors included sex, age, ALT, AFP, HBsAg, liver function (Child's system), the way of treatment, tumor size and number, serum albumin, portal cancerous thrombus, pathological type of tumors, and HBeAg. The Cox's regression analysis model was used to analyse the factors affecting the prognosis. P < 0.05 means statistically significant difference.

RESULTSThe total median survival time was 19 months and mean survival time 23.59 months. The total survival rates of 1, 2, 3, 5 years were 63.9%, 44.5%, 25.8% and 7.4%, respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed significant prognostic factors as follows: age, liver function, the way of treatment, portal cancerous thrombus and pathological types of tumors (chi2 = 45.993, P = 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONThe combinated TACE procedure is safe and effective. In this study, 5 factors directly influencing the prognosis are age, liver function, portal cancerous thrombus and pathological types of tumors are risk prognostic factors, and the way of treatment is a protective factor (chi2 = 45.993, chi2 = 0.0001).

Acetaldehyde ; administration & dosage ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Injections, Intradermal ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; pathology ; Portal Vein ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Analysis

Objective To explore the behavior and initial sandtray characters of the children with oppositional defiant disorders (ODD) in order to provide psychological and behavioral intervention as early as possible.Methods The differences of the Conners parent symptom questionnaire (PSQ) and initial sandtrays between 24 children with ODD and 24 normal children were compared.Results PSQ indicated that children with ODD had higher scores of conduct proble((1.31 ± 0.53),(0.36 ± 0.31)),learning problem ((2.01 ± 0.66),(0.57 ±0.5)),hyperactivity-impulsion ((1.60 ± 0.77),(0.35 ± 0.41)),anxiety ((0.60 ± 0.50),(0.27 ± 0.25)) and hyperactivity index((1.12 ± 0.31),(0.78 ± 0.28)) than normal children.On the use of toys,the experimental group was significantly higher in armament and transports and lower in plants and stones(P＜0.05).On the theme of sandtrays,the ODD group was significantly higher in disorder,neglect,injury,threat and lower in integration and energy (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The results show that the children with ODD have more anxiety experience than normal children and this may be associated with oppositional conduct.Children with ODD use more aggressive toys and wounded themes,revealing their attack and conflict.Psychological intervention can be provided according to the characters of behavior scale and initial sandtray.