Objective To investigate the effects of Donglian Capsule(the combination of Ophiopogonis Tuber Polysaccharide with Rhizoma Coptidis Alkaloids, OPRA for short, Component of Chinese medicine)on early insulin resistance in experimental diabetic rats. Methods The animal model of insulin resistance in 2 type diabetic was established by injecting low dose of STZ in 60 high fat-fed SD rats. After one week, the successful models were randomly divided into 4 groups: untreated, high and low OPRA-treated, mefformin-treated group, Meanwhile, a normal control group was designed. After four weeks, the differences of FBG, PG, INS and C-P were compared among the groups. Results The OPRA can significantly reduced the level of serum TC and FBG, increased the C-E ]Lightened the IRI(P<0.01). Conclusion The OPRA can reduce the level of serum TG and FBG, and decrease insulin resistance to protect the β-cell function.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in interventional diagnosis and treatment of borderline coronary artery disease. Methods Sixteen 40%-70% angiographically stenotic lesions from 15 patients were enrolled in the current study. Intravascular OCT was applied to each lesion after informed consent was obtained to evaluate stenosis percentage, size of lipid core, thickness of fibrous cap, existence of plaque rupture, and presence of thrombosis or calcification. Therapeutic strategies were made according to OCT outcomes as well as clinical symptoms and electrocardiographic changes. Stent coverage, apposition, and tissue prolapse between stent struts were determined in the patients undertaken percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Results Qualitative OCT images were obtained in 14 lesions. Ten lesions were greater than 50% stenosis, with large lipid core and fibrous cap thinner than 65 ?m, and plaque ruptures were noted in 2 of the lesions. PCI were performed in these 10 lesions. Two lesions underwent predilatation and significant intima tearings and dissections were detected with OCT. Repeated OCT after stent implantation showed complete coverage in all 10 lesions. Focal incomplete apposition were noted in 2 lesions. Significant tissue prolapse occurred in 3 lesions and segmental incomplete deployment of stent in 2 lesions. The remaining 4 lesions had small lipid cores, thick fibrous caps but with no plaque ruptures, thus PCI was not performed. Conclusion Intracoronary OCT is an effective tool to determine features of coronary lesions. It plays an important role in diagnosis of vulnerable lesions, strategy-making in treating borderline coronary artery disease and evaluation of immediate result of PCI.

Peripheral artery disease is a cardiovascular risk factor. Exercise training may benefit patients with peripheral artery disease from preserving or improving functional capacity and reducing cardiovascular events. Accordingly, this article reviewed the effects of exercise training on peripheral artery disease, and the possible mechanisms

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are known to be involved in the initiation and progression of many malignancies, and the different subtypes of VGSCs play important roles in the metastasis cascade of many tumors. This study investigated the functional expression of Nav1.5 and its effect on invasion behavior of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The mRNA and protein expression of Nav1.5 was detected by real time PCR, Western Blot and immunofluorescence. The effects of Nav1.5 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were respectively assessed by MTT and Transwell. The effects of Nav1.5 on the secretion of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) by MDA-MB-231 were analyzed by RT-PCR. The over-expressed Nav1.5 was present on the membrane of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasion ability in vitro and the MMP-9 mRNA expression were respectively decreased to (47.82+/-0.53)% and (43.97+/-0.64)% (P<0.05) respectively in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with VGSCs specific inhibitor tetrodotoxin (TTX) by blocking Nav1.5 activity. It was concluded that Nav1.5 functional expression potentiated the invasive behavior of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 by increasing the secretion of MMP-9.

Objective:To study the varieties and contents of related substances in cefalotin sodium by HPLC and MS. Methods:The quantitative determination of impurity spectra was carried out using self-contrast method, and UPLC-MS was used to preliminarily i-dentify the variety of impurities. Results:Through the study on the ascription and content of the related substances, there were 6 sub-stances existing in cefalotin sodium, and through the structure analysis, the 6 substances showed antibiotic action and toxicity. Conclu-sion:The method is simple, stable and repeatable, which can be used for the determination of cefalothin sodium and related sub-stances.

Objective To investigate the expression of lung keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR) in rats with acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in different time points and its role in lung edema.Methods Thirty-two adult Wistar rats weighing 240 g to 260 g were assigned to experimental group (n =16) and control group (n =16) according to the random number table.Each group consisted of time points of 24 hours,3 days,1 week and 2 weeks after the modeling (4 rats per time point).A rat model of ASCI in experimental group was induced at C7 segment by dropping a weight of 10 g from the height of 2.5 cm (Allen' s method).In control group,laminas were removed only,leaving spinal cord at C7 intact.Rats were sacrificed at each time point for measurement of lung wet/dry weight ratio,Western blot analysis of expression of lung KGFR protein and RT-qPCR detection of lung KGFR mRNA expression.Results After ASCI in rats,the expressions of lung KGFR protein and mRNA began to drop at 24 hours (0.23 ±0.06,0,012 1 ±0.002 3),reached the trough at 3 days (0.17 ±0.04,0.008 5 ±0.001 7)and picked up at 1 week.Expression of lung KGFR mRNA in experiment group showed statistically significant difference from that in control group at 24 hours and 3 days (P ＜ 0.05),whereas in each time point the difference of KGFR protein expression between experiment and control groups was statistically significant(P ＜0.05).Variation trend of KGFR expression was in parallel with the severity degree of pulmonary edema.Conclusion Lung KGFR presents significant down-regulation in ASCI rats and this may be associated with the development of pulmonary edema after ASCI.

AIM: To investigate the effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) nephritis in rats. METHODS: Anti-GBM nephritis model was elaborated by rabbit anti-rat GBM antibody injection in SD rats in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: FK506 treated group(0 5 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 , sc), untreated nephritis control group and normal control group. FK506 was administered daily six hours after injection of anti-GBM IgG. All the rats were observed urinary protein at the 4th day, the 14th day and the 21st day. At the same time, the kidney specimens were collected, and T cell transforming function was also monitored. RESULTS: Rats injected with rabbit anti-GBM Ab developed heavy proteinuria by 4 days, and serum creatinine and serum urea appeared which kept on the rising. Glmerular hypercellularity, crescents, and protein casts were observed in nephritic rats. By electron microscopy, the thickening of GBM and loss of foot processes were seen. T cell transforming function was higher than normal. But, all pathological changes obviously turned for the better in FK506 treated group. CONCLUSION: FK506 could inhibit the progression of rat anti-GBM nephritis.

Objective To study the mechanism of 5 fluorouracil(5 FU) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:acute pancreatitis group (AP group,n=12), 5 FU treatment group( 5 FU group,n=10),and control group (n=10). In 5 FU group,5 FU(1mg/100g) were injected immediately after AP was induced.12h after the AP was induced, blood samples were taken to determine nitric oxide(NO) and interleukin 6(IL 6). Results Compared with AP group,in 5 FU group, the survival rate increased,mean survival time prolonged,ascites volume decreased significantly,and the inflammatory mediators subsided. Conclusions NO and IL 6 may play an important role in the pathogenises of acute pancreatitis. The treatment effect of 5 FU for AP may through inhibit the inflammatory mediators.

Objective:The different subtypes of voltagE-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are known to correlate with the migration of many malignant cancers. This study was to investigate the significance of functional expression of SCN5A/Nav1.5 in human ovarian cancer and its effects on migration capability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Sodium indicator SBFI and immunofluorescence method were used to detect the distribution of intracellular Na+. Real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of SCN5A/Nav1.5. The effect of specific voltagE-gated sodium channels inhibitor tetrodotoxin (TTX) on cell viability was measured by CCK-8 kit. The migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 were tested by Transwell chamber assay. Results:SCN5A/Nav1.5 were over-expressed in ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 and ovarian cancer specimens at mRNA and protein levels. TTX 30 μmol/L inhibited the intracellular Na+ concentration by (41.51±0.41)%. TTX also suppressed the invasion and migration capacities of SKOV-3 cells by (33.80±1.6)% and (43.60±2.9)%, respectively. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:SCN5A/Nav1.5 is involved in the metastasis progression of ovarian cancer in vitro and plays an important role in the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. It may become a target for ovarian cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND:Many scholars have developed a variety of dynamic elastic spine fixator. After biomechanical research, animal experiments and clinical application found that no one elastic spine fixator was general y recognized clinical y. OBJECTIVE:To compare the stress difference between“X”-shaped spine dynamic fixation and traditional pedicle screw fixation. METHODS:Three-dimensional finite element models of“X”-shaped spine dynamic fixation and traditional pedicle screw fixation were established according to adult spine imaging data. Mechanical differences in vertical compression, flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The stress at vertical compression was lower than that at flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation in both groups. The stress at“X”-shaped spine dynamic fixation mainly focused on“X”-shaped connecting rod, but the stress of traditional pedicle screw fixation mainly focused on conjunction of screw-rod. Moreover, the stress of the screw of“X”-shaped spine dynamic fixation was significantly less than that of traditional pedicle screw fixation (P<0.001). These results suggest that“X”-shaped spine dynamic fixation system can share stress of screws and reduce the postoperative stress concentration compared with traditional pedicle screw fixation.