Objective To explore the extrahepatic bile duct stones after reoperation cause analysis and coun-termeasures.Methods Clinical data of 150 patients with liver surgery gallstone surgery again were retrospectively analyzed,according to the first reason for liver from gallstone surgery will be divided into the three groups:group hepa-tolithiasis ( group A,100 cases) ,gallstones group ( group B,30 patients) ,common bile duct stones group ( group C, 20 cases) .The reasons for reoperation were analyzed.Results In intrahepatic bile duct stones reoperation patients, the recurrence of liver gallstones was 98 cases(65.3%),common bile duct cysts and Caroli disease was 35 cases (23.3%),anastomotic stenosis in 17 cases(11.3%);The postoperative complication rate of group A(44.0%) was significantly higher than that of group B(13.3%) and group C(15.0%)(χ2 =9.32,5.88,all P<0.05);The sec-ondary and post-operative inflammation stone recurrence within 5 years of group A was 32.0%,which was significant-ly higher than 6.7%of group B and 10.0%of group C(χ2 =7.67,3.97,all P<0.05).Conclusion The intrahe-patic bile duct stones are the main types of reoperation after liver gallstones,gallstones and liver recurrence is the main cause of its secondary surgery.It should be make clear the disease cause of preoperation, take a different surgical options for patients with different types of stones,prevention,and avoid the occurrence of postoperative complications, which can effectively reduce the risk of secondary surgery to alleviate the suffering of patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of changes in protein bile sugar chain structure for differen-tiating benign and malignant biliary tract disease .Methods 100 patients with biliary tract diseases who were treated in Department of General Surgery ,Qingdao Haici Medical Group were selected in this study .According to benign or malignant biliary disease ,the patients were divided into control group ( benign biliary tract disease ) and observation group ( cholangiocarcinoma ) ,50 cases in each group .Two groups of patients with bile drops on the nitrocellulose mem-brane,through the comparison of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA),Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA),lentil lectin (LCA),concanavalin A(CONA) positive rate of test,to explore the relationship between sugar chain of glycoprotein in bile and bile duct benign and malignant diseases .Results In control group,the positive rates of WGA,DSA,LCA, CONA agglutinin test were 22.0%,14.0%,2.0%,76.0%,those in the observation group were 76.0%,66.0%, 76.0%,82.0% respectively.No statistically significant difference between the two groups of CONA agglutinin test positive rate was observed(P>0.05).The WGA,LCA,DSA agglutination test positive rates in observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ,the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =29.17,28.17, 57.55,all P<0.05).Conclusion Changes in bile glycoprotein chain structure are closely related to benign and ma -lignant biliary tract disease ,positive rates of WGA ,LCA,DSA agglutination test can be used to determine the benign and malignant biliary disease ,it should be popularized in clinical practice .

Some issues of time-correlated single-photon counting technology for detection for optical properties of biological tissue are discussed,including its basic principle,components and conventional methods applying the technology.

BACKGROUND:Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, the main active component of leaves of lycium barbarum, has a remarkable therapeutic effect on osteoporosis in adult ovariectomized female rats.
OBJECTIVE:To explore effects of leaves ofLycium barbarum on serum estradiol and bone estrogen receptor expressions in adult oxariectomized female rats.
METHODS: Thirty-two 6-month-od female rats were randomized into sham-surgery, model, and treatment groups, respectively. Rat models of postmenopausal osteoporosis were induced by ovariotomy folowed by oraly administration of water solution of leaves ofLycium barbarum (500 or 1 000 mg/kg) or distiled water once daily for consecutive 12 weeks in treatment and model groups, respectively. Serum estradiol level was detected by radiation immunoassaymethod. Estrogen receptor α, β immunoreactivities in bone tissue were determined by immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Serum estradiol level in the model group was significantly decreased compared with the sham-surgery group (P < 0.01), but that was significantly increased in the treatment groups, particularly at high dose, compared with the model group (P< 0.01). Estrogen receptor α, βimmunoreactivities were weaker in the model group than the sham-surgery group (P < 0.01), and those were stronger in the treatment groups than the model group (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that leaves of Lycium barbarum treat osteoporosis through enhancing serum estradiol and estrogen receptor expressions in adult ovariectomized rats.

An investigation and analysis on the effect of current bilingual teaching has been done among the 2002rd seven-year program students by using questionnaire.The result can provide basic foundation for improving the quality of bilingual teaching.

Objective To investigate the methods of isolation and culture in vitro and detect the surface markers of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Methods Human umbilical cord Wharton' s jelly was separated and cut up as small as possible,and then cultured with α-MEM.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells could be obtained by culturing the tissue block adhered the bottle wall.And the cells were passaged at a certain density.The surface markers of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were detected by FACS when the cells were in Generation Three.Results Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from Wharton' s jelly conveniently,with fibroblast shape and stable proliferation and passage.CD29,CD44,CD105 were strongly expressed on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.But CD45,CD34,HLA-DR,HLA-G,CD80,CDs6 were not expressed.Conclusion Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained effectively from the culture of the tissue block,which provides a rich source of cells for tissue engineering.

Xanthone and its derivatives occupy a large part of the family of natural polyphenolic compounds with various biological and pharmacological activities.In recent years (from 2006 to 2011),it was reported that 127 xanthones were discovered from plants and fungi using various modem separation methods including silica gel/polyamide column chromatography,HPLC,high-speed counter-current chromatography,high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography,etc.Since total synthesis and structure modification for xanthone and its derivatives have been given attention worldwide,we introduced the synthetic methods of xanthone skeletons as well.Unfortunately,to date,there are still weaknesses in current methods of separation and synthesis,which need to be improved.This review,to a certain extent,provides necessary foundation for the further research and development of medicines containing xanthone and its derivatives.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the preparation technology of Angelica sinensis powder and conduct screening for the op-timal particle size thereof. METHODS:With the contents of volatile oil and ferulic acid as the indexes,screening was conducted for the optimal drying temperature,dry welding time and particle size of the crude drug A. sinensis,and the stabilities of the A. si-nensis powder with different particle sizes which was packed by simulating that sold in the market were investigated. The verifica-tion tests on the preparation technology were conducted. RESULTS:The optimal conditions for preparing the crude drug A. sinensis were as follows as drying temperature of 60-70℃,drying for 4.5-5 hours and being crushed into moderate-sized powder;the stabil-ity of the moderate-sized powder which was packed by simulating that sold in the market was the best. In the verification tests on the preparation technology,the average content of the volatile oil was 0.46 ml/g,with RSD of 0.034%(n=3);the average con-tent of the ferulic acid was 0.123 μg/ml,with RSD of 0.026%(n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimized technology is stable and feasible,and the stability of the moderate-sized A. sinensis powder is the best.

Objective To investigate the expression of FHITmRNA and WWOXmRNA in human breast cancer tissues and its relation to clinicopathological and other molecular parameters. Methods With reference to the expression of ?-actin,the expression of FHITmRNA and WWOXmRNA was determined by reverse (transcription)-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 51 breast cancer and adjacent breast tissue, and (semi-quantitative) analysis of band densities was performed. The protein expression of estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Her-2 gene in the 51 breast cancer lesions was detected by (immunohistochemical) method. Results FHITmRNA and WWOXmRNA expression was significantly different in 54 breast cancer tissue compared to adjacent breast tissue (P0.05); of FHITmRNA and WWOX mRNA was related to axillary lymph node metastasis (P

Intestinal microbes play a vital role in the development of colorectal diseases.Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), an commensal resident in the human gut, is closely associated with colorectal diseases, and attracted widespread attention.Studies have found that Fn may contribute to the development and prognosis of inflammation and colorectal cancer.This article reviews the research advances of the relationship between Fn and the development of colorectal diseases.