Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the human endocrine system. A papillary thyroid microcarci-noma (PTMC) is usually defined as a papillary thyroid tumor that is less than 10 mm in diameter. The incidence of thyroid cancers has obviously increased in recent years. The surgical treatment of PTMC differs in China and overseas. Aside from conventional surgery, novel surgical methods, such as ultrasound-guided percutaneous ablation, have been used for the surgical treatment of PTMC. This arti-cle mainly discusses the research progress in the surgical treatment of PTMC.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between and antimicrobial usage antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) causing nosocomial infections. METHODS Monitored the data on the yearly patient-days and the yearly consumption(defined daily dose(DDD) per 1000 patient days) the consumption of ceftazidime,cefepime,levofloxacin,piperacillin/tazobactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam,mipenem and meropenem from Jan 2003 to Dec 2007.was analyzed.Disk susceptibility data of P.aeruginosa(PAE) causing nosocomial infections were tested. RESULTS The yearly patient-days of our department significantly increased from 60 069 in 2003 to 74 442 in 2007(P

Biological Therapy ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; therapy

Objective To investigate the association of the polymorphism of serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic(5-HTTLPR) region with depression and its clinical symptoms in the Han Chinese.Methods PCR-based technique was used to genotype 5-HTTLPR in 64 patients with major depression and 67 unrelated controls,and the association between the polymorphism and clinical symptoms of depression was explored according to HAMD score.Results Fewer patients tended to be of L/L genotype(9.4%) than controls(19.4%),but there was no significant difference.Among women,fewer patients tended to be of L/L genotype(2.9%) than controls(13.9%),but there was no significant difference.The symptom analysis showed that depressive symptoms were significantly associated with 5-HTTLPR genotypes or alleles in the patients of L/L genotype,and that L allele had significantly lower depressive scores compared with those of other genotypes or alleles(P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Recovery of Function ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

The response of murine lymphoreticular tissue with Special reference to regional lymph node after implantation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was investigated histologically and ultrastructurally. The tumor induced a vigorous histological response in both regional and nonregional lymph nodes that was proliferation of immunoblasts with enlargement of paracortical area in early stage and enlargement, fusion of germinal centers with an increased number of plasma cells in the medullary cords during the late stage of tumor growth.The results suggested that the response of lymph nodes might be mainly related to cell-mediated immune mechanism in the early stage and humoral immunity during the late stage of tumor growth. Regional lymph node gave reaction earlier and more vigorously in participating cell-mediated immunity, nonregional lymph node might be more significantly involved in humoral immunity. It was observed ultrastructurally that sinus histiocyte engulfed tumor cell in which the cooperation with lymphocyte might be necessary. The experimental results indicated that the increased number of immunoblast in paracortex may be considered as an indicator for antitumor cellmediated immunity with an important prognostic significance for host bearing tumor.

Objective To analyze the urodynamic data of the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and provide evidence for the therapy.Methods 452 patients with BPH were selected.The mean age was(65.6 ±5.65)years(51 to 89 years).All patients had intact history documents which included the results of cystoscopy,urodynamics,doppler,DRE and PSA.Results 15 cases were not diagnosed with BOO.430 cases were diagnosed with BOO,among them,65 cases of bladder detrusor muscle weakness,bladder detrusor instability(detrusor,DI,instability)in 365 cases,3 cases were normal,and the other 4 cases had detrusor atony.In 445 patients the mean maximum urinary flow rate(8.32±3.15)ml/s,the average residual urine volume(87.68±79.46)ml,the average maximum flow rate when the detrusor pressure(62.32±7.54)cm H2O,maximum urethral closure pressure was(86.43±18.35)cmH2O,among which 19 cases were not suitable for surgery.At the end of the 426 patients underwent surgical treatment,postoperative follow-up of 3 to 18 months,the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)from 0 to 5,the quality of life index(QOL)score of 0 to 1,Qmax 11 to 21 ml /s,residual urine(45.6±36.2)ml.There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative indexes(P<0.05).Conclusion Urodynamic tests can avoid the blindness in the surgery treatment of BPH.

Objective To observe the expression levels of IL-8,IL-4,TNF-α of neonatal mouse with systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) treated by different doses of dexamethasone.Methods A total of 50 neonatal mice were randomly divided into five groups:blank control group,saline control group and treatment group A,B,C.The saline control group and treatment groups were established into SIRS models,treatment group A:a single high-dose of dexamethasone (2 mg/kg),subcutaneous injection (SC) ; treatment group B:two doses of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg,q1 2 h,total 2 mg/kg,SC) ; treatment group C:four doses of dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg,q 1 2 h,total 2 mg/kg,SC) ;saline control group:saline of the same volume (0.4 ml/kg,SC).All mice were detected IL-4,IL-8,TNF-α by ELISA 72 hours after animal models being completed.Results The levels of IL-4,IL-8,TNF-α in saline control group and treatment group A,B,C were higher than those in blank control group respectively (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).The levels of IL-4,IL-8,TNF-α in treatment group A,B,C were lower compared to those of saline control group respectively (P ＜ 0.05,respectively),levels of TNF-α,IL-8 in treatment group B and C were lower than those of treatment group A(P ＜ 0.05,respectively).There were no significant differences in the level of IL-4 among treatment group A,B,and C (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dexamethasone could lower the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8,TNF-α and anti-inflammatory factor IL-8 of neonatal mouse with SIRS,and the effect of multiple low-doses of dexamethasone on SIRS is significantly better than a single high dose.

Abrin is isolated from abrin seeds (Aburs precatoriusL.), which is a kind of cytotoxic protein. This article reviewed the anticancer effect and mechanisms of Abrin from five aspects in several years, which were the molecular structure and toxicity of Abrin, the characteristics of Abrin in anticancer effect, the role of Abrin in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, the mechanisms of Abrin induced apoptosis of cancer cells, the anticancer mechanisms of Abrin in enhancing immune function. And the application prospect of Abrin immunotoxin targeted therapy and nano preparation will be expounded in this article. It will be helpful to further research about application on Abrin. It will provide the scientific basis for discovering new drug targets of cancer.

Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) is de fi ned as the presence of two or more affected fi rst-degree relatives with non-medullary thyroid cancers without other known familial syndromes. FNMTC is one of the most inheritable forms of all cancers, with a high risk of a first-degree relative developing the disease. Compared with sporadic non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC), FNMTC presents at a younger age and is associated with a higher incidence of multifocal disease and metastasis. This in-creased aggressiveness has been hypothesized to translate into higher recurrence rates and decreased survival of patients with FNMTC. The genes involved in the pathogenesis of FNMTC are yet to be elucidated, although some recent studies identified several predisposi-tion loci with a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. Since 2005, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have been developing as rapid, high-throughput, and cost-effective approaches to fulfill medical sciences and research demands. With the use of NGS, the un-derlying causative genes can be directly distinguished via systematic filtering, through which the identified gene variants are verified for novelty and functionality.