The establishment of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine system that not only accords with Chinese medicine function characteristics but also is recognized as international medical circles, is an arduous task in urgent need of solving the current modernization of traditional Chinese medicine in the process of internationalization. It is difficult to evaluate atraditional Chinese medicine by detection of single active components in traditional Chinesemedicinewiththe western medicine quality controlmethod due to the overall effects of traditional Chinese drugs, the components of the overall diversity, targets, and the complexity of the interaction between components of unpredictable make the Long-term since, domestic and foreign scholars continue to explore and put forward a series of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine to promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine. This article summarized the related academic ideas and developments to, providea new thought and perspective for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.
Drug Evaluation ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control

The antioxidant activity of lycopene is highest among the current carotenoids.Recently the researches on lycopene are focused on ingredient of functional foods in the world.The fermentation production of lycopene by Streptomyces rimosus was reported first time in China.The determination methods,such as spectrophotometric method and HPLC were constructed.Using a stain Fc of Streptomyces rimosus as a original strain,a high-yield lycopene producing mutant strain Fc' was selected after UV mutation.The lycopene yield of the strain is 2.5 times higher than the original strain Fc.The optimal fermentation conditions were determined by flask experiments,and the lycopene yield of strain Fc' reached 230mg/L in flask under the optimal fermentation condition,meanwhile the Streptomyces rimosus strain could produce purer lycopene without adding any blocking agents in its fermentation process.This results lay a good foundation for lycopene commercial production by fermentation using Streptomyces rimosus.

Objective To study the effect of a polysaccharide from cuscuta chinensis lam (PCCL) on antisenility and its mechanism. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomized into 6 groups. The three PCCL groups were administrated with PCCL of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 orally, the positive control group with vitamin E of 200 mg?kg -1?d -1, the model group and control group with the same volume of control solution only. At the same time, the model group, the positive group and the three PCCL groups were subcutaneously injected of 5% D-gal at the dose of 0.5 ml at the nape, and the control with the same volume of saline solution. Seven weeks later, the MDA, SOD activity, GSH-PX activity in the liver and kidney of mice and lipofuscin (LF) in mouse brain were detected with the methods of TBA, Nitrate, DTNB and Sohal, respectively. The data were analyzed with SPSS software and the data between groups were analyzed with one-factor variance analysis. Results Thymus index and spleen index dropped, LF rose in brain, malondialdehyde (MDA) content rose and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) dropped in liver and kidney in senile mouse model. PCCL administration of 100, 200, 400 mg?kg -1?d -1 made thymus index and spleen index rising, LF dropping in brain, MDA content dropping,SOD and GSH-PX LF rising in liver and kidney of senile mouse model. Conclusion PCCL may postpone senility, which mechanism probably connected with rising immunity, eliminating oxygen free radicals and antilipoperoxidation.

Objective To investigate the distribution of traditional Chinese medical syndromes and clinical characteristics of influenza in South of Five Ridges.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out in 162 cases of influenza patients admitted from outpatient department,emergency department and inpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from 2014 to 2016.The distribution of clinical manifestations and syndrome types of the included influenza patients was analyzed.Results The average age of the included influenza patients was 35.76 ± 11.4 years old.The clinical syndromes were mainly characterized by fever,aversion to cold and chills,fatigue and weakness.And damp-accumulation manifestations of heaviness in the body,poor appetite,dry mouth without willing to drink,nausea and vomiting were also predominant.The main syndrome types were wind-heat attacking defense phase syndrome,wind-cold fettering exterior syndrome,heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome,heat-toxin accumulating lung syndrome,and damp syndrome.Of the syndrome types,wind-heat attacking defense phase syndrome and heat-toxin attacking lung syndrome were the leading types,accounting for 77.79％ and interweaving with damp syndrome and heat-damp syndrome.Conclusion The syndromes of influenza patients in South of Five Ridges are usually complicated by damp syndrome or damp-heat syndrome,and the predominant syndrome type is wind-heat interweaved with damp syndrome,which is correlated with the climate being damp and hot in South of Five Ridges.

Objective To evaluate the effect of quick injection combining with slow infusion of Gd-DTPA on T1 relaxation of the blood. Methods Fifteen volunteers were recruited for coronary MRA study using a navigator-gated 3D-FIESTA sequence. Coronary MRA were acquired on the same segments two times at 5 minutes and 15 minutes after Gd-DTPA administration. Contrast agent was injected biphasically with 10 ml at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/s and 20 ml at 0. 05 ml/s to prolong the T1 relaxation effect. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated pre- and post-contrast MRA. Image quality was compared using t-test. Results The SNR and CNR at 5 minutes after contrast injection (35.37 ±6. 84 and 21.57 ± 6. 08 ) were significantly higher than that of pre-contrast MRA ( 27.38 ± 6. 24 and 13.19 ±6. 50). The SNR at 15 minutes after contrast injection (33. 81 ±9. 43) was higher than that of precontrast MRA, but there was no statistically difference(t = 1. 885 ,P =0. 074). The CNR at 15 minutes after contrast injection (21.20 ± 7.65) was significantly higher than that of pre-contrast MRA. The SNR and CNR at 15 minutes after contrast injection were no significant different compared with those at 5 minutes after contrast injection. Conclusion T1-shorting effect in the blood can be prolonged by quick injection combining with slow infusion of Gd-DTPA ,which meet with the need of multiple scans of coronary MRA.

Objective To get a MR imaging protocol for coronary arterial wall in vitro. Methods MR examinations were performed in 10 fresh porcine hearts. Three dimensional fast imaging employing steady state acquisition (3D FIESTA) was used to delineate left anterior descending artery (LAD), while 2D spin-echo T1W was performed with 8-channel head surface coil, temporomandibular surface coil and knee coil with the same parameters. T1WI was obtained with 384×256 and 512×512 in matrix using temporomandibular surface coil, and then T1WI, PDW and T2WI with fat saturation were obtained with different NEX using temporomandibular surface coil after injecting Resovist in LAD. Signal of the LAD wall, lumen, fat tissue adjacent to LAD, myocardium of anterior part of interventricular septum and noise were respectively measured. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of image, contrast to noise ratio (CNR) between the wall and lumen (CNR1), CNR between the wall and surrounding fatty tissue (CNR2) were calculated. Results The SNR and CNR1, CNR2 of SE T1WI with temporomandibular coil were higher than those with 8-channel head surface coil and knee coil. SNR and CNR1, CNR2 of SE T1WI with 384×256 matrix were higher than those with 512×512 matrix. SNR and CNR1, CNR2 using 3 NEX were the highest. Conclusion Good SNR and CNR of porcine coronary wall can be achieved using temporomandibular surface coil, 384×256 in matrix and NEX of 3.

Objective To investigate the copy number changes on chromosome 3q26. 1 in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and to explore its potential clinical significance. Methods The microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (Array-CGH) approach was used to analyze the genome-wide copy number changes of 35 tumor tissue samples of bladder cancer. To confirm the loss of a small fragment in 3q26. 1 detected by Array-CGH, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) was performed with 57 frozen tumor tissue samples and 34 formalinfixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue samples. The urine sediment cells collected from 15 healthy volunteers and 29 bladder cancer patients were checked as above. Results The Array-CGH data showed that the copy number loss of a small fragment in 3q26. 1 was detected in 77.1% (27/35)of the tumor tissue samples investigated. Real-time PCR analysis validated this loss of a small fragment of 3q26.1 with high frequencies in both 57 frozen tumor samples and 34 FFPE tumor samples.The percentage of samples exhibiting loss was 78.9% (45/57) and 100. 0% (34/34) respectively.Furthermore, the relative copy number of the 3q26.1 small fragment was significantly lower in the urinary sediment cells of the patients (median=0. 0020), comparing with that of healthy controls (median=0. 0030) (P＜0.01). Conclusions Loss of the small fragment in 3q26.1 could be a characteristic genetic change of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. It may serve as a potential molecular marker for bladder cancer.

Objective To discuss the coping methods of pediatric nurses with adverse psychology and behavior of parents with terminal children. Methods 198 parents who were assessed with adverse psychology and behavior with terminal children were chosen and randomly divided into the observation group(100 cases) and the control group(98 cases). The control group was given conventional care, while in the observation group, nursing intervention of humanistic care and reinforced health education were adopted in addition. The changes of adverse psychology and behavior of the two groups were observed. Χ2 test was used. Results The adverse psychology and behavior in the observation group was reduced significantly than that of the control group after nursing intervention. Conclusions Nursing intervention can effec-tively mitigate the adverse psychology and behavior in parents with terminal children. It plays an active role beth on the terminal children and their parents.

Objective To observe the enhancement pattern and time-intensity curve of endometrial carcinomas by using contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS). Methods Altogether 30 endometrial carcinomas were evaluated with real-time gray-scale CEUS, using pulse inversion harmonies technique. The enhancement patterns were observed. Twenty tumors were compared for the size between traditional ultrasound and CEUS. In 21 cases, the parameters of time-intenaity curve were compared between the endometrial lesion and un-involved myometrium. Results The contrast agent arrived at the feeding vessels firstly and then branched into the endometrial tumors. All of the endometrial tumors were enhanced completely except for the necrosis area. In 73.3 % (22/30) of cases, the tumors washed out earlier than the un-involved myometrium. By using CEUS 76. 7% (23/30) of cases showed the feeding vessels of tumor. 43.3% (13/30) of cases showed more clearly than traditional ultrasound in tumor base, position and boundary. The mean enhancement sizes of tumor were bigger than the size showed by traditional ultrasound in 85% of cases by (0. 62±0.50)cm. More than 90% cases showed the tumors start to enhance and wash-out earlier than or at the same time as myometrium. The arrival time and peak time of cancer group were significantly earlier than myometrium group. The peak intensity, enhancement intensity and the rising rate of the tumor group were significantly higher than those of the myometrium group. Conclusions There are some characteristic points in CEUS of endometrial carcinomas. CEUS can provide richer information in tumor imaging than traditional ultrasound and has certain clinical value.

Objective To study the mechanism of p55 inducing cell apoptosis, the 180 bp fragment of Puma promoter was cloned into the pGL3-basic luciferase reporter vector. The biological activity of Pumareporter plasmid was verified by cell transfection. Methods The target fragments of Puma were amplified by RT-PCR method and the fragments were inserted into the pGL3-basic luciferase reporter vector. The acquired Puma-Luc plasmid was transfected into H1299 cell line and detected its activity. Results Sequencing indicated that the amplified Puma promoter is correct. Dual-luciferase Reporter Assay showed the Puma-Luc constructs have promoter activity. Conclusion The cloning of human Puma gene promoter and the construction of its reporter vector were successful. This study will lay the foundation for further research on the function of p53 inducing apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway.