A method for the determination of Fe, Co, Mn and Ni in synthetic diamonds by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ( ICP-AES) was proposed. The synthetic diamond sample was decomposed completely, while the sample was burned in air at 1000 ℃ for 10 h, and then a mixed acid of H2 SO4 , aqua regia and HClO4 was used for the dissolving the residue of the sample. In this method, the limits of detection of Fe, Co, Mn and Ni were 0. 0147, 0. 0018, 0. 0006 and 0. 0027 mg/L, respectively. Under the optimum condition, Fe, Co, Mn and Ni in synthetic diamond sample were determined. The values of RSDs (n=7) were less than 0. 5%. The recoveries of added standard were 94. 0%-105. 0%.

A method for the simultaneous determination of oxygen and nitrogen in synthetic diamonds by inert gas high temperature extraction-impulse heating method was proposed. The sample weight, the selection of analysis power and the calibration curves of oxygen and nitrogen were discussed. Oxygen and nitrogen in analytical samples are determined. Values of RSDs (n=7) for oxygen and nitrogen were less than 4. 5% and 4. 0% respectively. The analytical results of oxygen and nitrogen obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those by inert gas fusion-impulse heating method.

Objective To discuss the clinic efficacy and its mechanism of action in promoting the cell proliferation of knee osteoarthritis's cartilage corpuscle via modified Duhuo Jisheng Mixture. Methods Totally 60 cases were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Treatment group was given modified Duhuo Jisheng Mixture, 62.5 mL each time, twice a day, orally, and sulfoglycan sulfate capsules, 1 capsule a day, three times a day, orally; while control group was given diacerein capsules, 1 pill a day, twice a day, orally, and sulfoglycan sulfate capsules, the same as treatment group. Patients were required to do quadriceps muscle systolic and functional exercise, and keep warm. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks. VAS score and WOMAC of the two group were observed before and after treatment. IL-1, NO, Wnt5a, β-catenin, Sox9, Collagen Ⅱ in knee joint fluid were detected. Adverse reactions were monitored. Results Compared with pre-treatment, the contents of IL-1, NO, Wnt5a and β-catenin in two groups were reduces (P<0.05); while the contents of Sox9 and Collagen Ⅱ were raised (P<0.05). The VAS scores and WOMAC were reduced in two groups after treatment (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance between the two group in the above indexes (P>0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups.Conclusion Modified Duhuo Jisheng Mixture can reduce inflammatory factors of the joint fluid and inhibit the Wnt signal pathway through regulating the expression of Sox9 and Collagen Ⅱ in the pathway, which can promote the cell proliferation of knee osteoarthritis's cartilage corpuscle and benefit the repairment of cartilage corpuscle in order to relieve pains and improve functions of knee joint.

Objective To analyze the quality of life among adults with chronic suppurative otitis media,and to research the chan-ges of the life quality between preoperative and postoperative.Methods We modified the chronic ear survey(CES)through inter-view adults with chronic suppurative otitis media.The modified scale (Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Outcome Survey)was ad-ministered to 110 patients in a prospective manner,and then was validated according to established criteria for reliability and validi-ty.Then we assessed the outcomes of surgeries for chronic suppurative otitis media.Results The chronic suppurative otitis media outcome survey includes 17 entries,and was divide into four dimensions.Excellent test-retest reliability was obtained for the survey score (R=0.967).Cronbach′s α correlation coefficient were calculated as 0.864 for the total survey.Criterion validity showed a high correlation between scores on chronic suppurative otitis media outcome survey and scores on CES (R=0.977,P <0.01).U-sing principal components extraction with orthogonal rotation,it was performed on the composite data set,and this yielded a four-factor solution that explained 70.394% of the variance.The average score of patients before surgery was 51.660±10.762,post-op-erative scores was 75.893 ± 7.734.The total score wasn′t significantly changed after the surgery,and the average value was 24.23±7.67 (t=24.653,P <0.01).Conclusion The chronic suppurative otitis media outcome survey is a reliable and valid meas-ure of quality of life for adults with chronic suppurative otitis media,and it is more suitable than the CES in outcomes studies and clinical trials.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship of chimerism status of cell subsets with engraftment, occurrence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD), graft rejection and disease relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

METHODSChimerism status in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) of 65 patients received allo-HSCT were monitored at regular intervals post-transplant. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) was used to sort CD3(+)T lymphocytes in 65 cases, CD3(-)CD56(+)CD16(+)NK cells in 52 cases, CD15(+) granulocytes in 32 cases and CD19(+)B lymphocytes in 20 cases post transplants. The chimerism status of different lineage cells was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction amplification of short tandem repeats (PCR-STR).

RESULTSOn day +7, NK-cells donor chimerism (DC 55.5%) was higher than other cell subsets. T lymphocyte was the latest one to reach complete donor chimerism (CDC) with a median on day +21. Patients whose T lymphocytes donor chimerism was more than 70% on day +7 and more than 95% on day +14 had a high risk for acute aGVHD. In all cases except those with ALL, the decreased DC of T lymphocytes were observed before molecular or hematological relapse occurred.

CONCLUSIONSerial and quantitative T cell chimerism analysis provides a reliable and rapid screening method for the early detection of engraftment, graft rejection, disease relapse and occurrence of aGVHD, therefore, is a prognostic tool to identify patients at high risk of aGVHD and disease relapse following allo-HSCT.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Chimerism ; Female ; Graft Rejection ; immunology ; Graft vs Host Disease ; immunology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEBy inhibiting AML1 -ETO fusion gene expression in Kasumi-1 cells with RNAi, to investigate the changes in cell proliferation and cell cycle.

METHODSThe small interference RNAs (siRNAs) specifically targeting the AML1 -ETO fusion gene were synthesized in vitro and transfected into Kasumi-1 cells by electroporation, the non-specific siRNAs transfected cells were taken as control. EGFP plasmid was transfected into Kasumi-1 cell and the transfection efficiency was detected by FCM. Inhibitory effect of siRNAs were detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blots. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay. DNA content was detected by PI assay.

RESULTSThe transfection efficiency was 44.5%. The AML1 -ETO specific siRNAs inhibited AML1 -ETO expression at both mRNA and protein levels. The cell proliferation rate in siRNAs treated group was lower than that in control group 72 h after transfection [(47.90 +/- 0.02)% vs (66.90 +/- 0.08)% , P < 0.05]. The cell cycle was blocked at G1 phase 72 h after siRNAs treatment, the cell proportion in G1 phase being 38.3% and 31.6% in control group, while in G2/M phase being 1.8% and 2.4% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe synthesized siRNAs can inhibit AML1 -ETO fusion gene expression. AML1 -ETO specific siRNA induced the decline of AML1 -ETO fusion protein in Kasumi-1 cell, and then caused the cell cycle blocked in G1 stage and eventually inhibited the cell proliferation.

Cell Cycle ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Transfection

This study was purposed to investigate the clinical significance of the amount and activated status of T cell subsets, B cells, NK cells in peripheral blood from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The proportion of T cells, B cells, NK cells in peripheral blood from 30 patients with MDS and their surface activation markers of CD28, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD69, HLA-DR were analyzed by flow cytometry. Twenty-two patients were in the low risk group (RA + RAS) while eight patients were in the high risk group (RAEB + RAEBT). The result showed that the amounts of T cells (CD3+ cells) in peripheral blood from patients with MDS were lower than those in control group. The amounts of naive CD4+ cells (CD4+ CD45RA+ cells) in MDS patients were lower than those in control. The expression rates of early activation marker (CD69) and late activation marker (HLA-DR) on CD3+ cells in MDS patients were significantly higher than those in control. The abnormalities of the immunologically competent cells were mainly observed in the low risk group (RA + RAS), and were characterized by the high expression rates of CD69+ and HLA-DR+ on CD3+ cells, the decrease of B cell amounts. The amount abnormalities of T cell subsets were mainly observed in high risk group (RAEB + RAEBT), and were characterized by the decrease of CD3+ cells and CD3+ CD4+ CD8- cells (Th cells) amounts without high expression of the CD69 and HLA-DR, the decrease of NK cells amounts. It is concluded that there are the abnormalities of T cell subsets and function in the patients with MDS and may change with disease progression, so the measurement of amount and activated status of T cell subsets in peripheral blood from MDS patients can have predictive role for diagnosis of disease progression and guide of therapy.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; immunology ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; immunology ; B-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD3 Complex ; immunology ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Lectins, C-Type ; Lymphocyte Activation ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; immunology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology

This study was aimed to investigate the distribution of abnormal clone in marrow cell lineages and apoptosis cells in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with deletion of chromosome 20q. Monoclonal antibodies recognizing myeloid precursors (CD15), erythroid precursors (GPA), T cells (CD3(+)CD56(-)CD16(-)), B cells (CD19), NK cells (CD3(-)CD56(+)CD16(+)) were used to sort bone marrow cells in a MDS patient with del (20q) by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Annexin V-FITC and PI were used to sort bone marrow Annexin V(+)PI(-) and Annexin V(-)PI(-) cells by FACS. The sorted positive cells were detected by interphase dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH) using a LSI D20S108 probe (Spectrum Orange) and a Telvysion TM 20p probe (Spectrum Green). FACS and FISH analysis were also performed on the samples from 4 cases with normal karyotype. The results showed that the proportions of MDS clone in the myeloid and erythroid precursors were 70.50% and 93.33% respectively, in the RAEB-1 patient with del (20q) and were obviously higher than that in control group (5.39% and 6.17%). The proportions of abnormal clone in T, B and NK cells were 3.23%, 4.32% and 5.77% respectively and were less than that in control group (5.76%, 4.85%, 6.36%). The percentage of apoptotic cells in the bone marrow nucleated cells was 16.09%. The proportions of MDS clone in Annexin V(+)PI(-) and Annexin V(-)PI(-) cells were 32.48% and 70.11%, respectively. It is concluded that most myeloid and erythroid precursors are originated from the abnormal clone in MDS with del (20q). A little part of apoptotic cells are derived from the abnormal clone.
Apoptosis ; genetics ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Lineage ; genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20 ; Clone Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the optimum process of removing cadmium irons from extracts of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma with gamma-mercaptopropyl-modified silica gel (MPS) and assess its cadmium ion-removing property.

METHODStatic and dynamic adsorptions were adopted to detect the cadmium-removing rate. MPS' cadmium ion-removing property was assessed with such indicators as the cadmium-removing rate, the solid content and the HPLC fingerprint.

RESULTThe process parameters of the static adsorption were as follows: 0.20 g x mL(-1) of concentration of extracts, 120 minutes of adsorption time and 15:1 between raw materials and MPS. The process parameters of the dynamic adsorption were as follows: 1:3.5 times between diameter and height, 0.20 g x mL(-1) of concentration of extracts, 0.9 mL x min(-1) of flow rate of the extracts and 50:1 between raw materials and MPS. Before and after the cadmium ion-removing process, the extracts showed no notable difference in solid content and HPLC fingerprint.

CONCLUSIONgamma-mercaptopropyl-modified silica gel (MPS) can effectively remove cadmium ion from the extracts of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma with an excellent cadmium ion-removing property.

Adsorption ; Cadmium ; chemistry ; Drug Contamination ; Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Silica Gel ; chemistry

Current quality control patterns are limited to industrial application, for most of the natural chemical reference substances are expensive and unavailable. Herein, a method, quantitative analysis of multi-components with single marker (QAMS), was established and validated to simultaneously determine nine ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd) in P. ginseng and four ginsenosides (ginsenoside Rg1, Rh1, Rb1, Rd) in P. notoginseng. Using ginsenoside Rb1 as the contrast, the relative correction factors (RCF) of the other eight ginsenosides were determined by HPLC-DAD. Within the linear ranges, the values of RCF of ginsenoside Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd were 1.400, 1.215, 1.517, 1.801, 0.944, 1.012, 1.143, and 1.135, respectively. The RCF had a good reproducibility in various instruments, chromatographic columns (RSD = 0.30% - 3.9%). According to their RCF, we simultaneously determined nine ginsenosides in P. ginseng only using one marker. In addition, the RCF of ginsenosides were used to simultaneously quantitative analysis of four ginsenosides in P. notoginseng. The results of QAMS method were validated by comparing with that of external standard method, and no obvious significant difference was found.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results